Aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli ni ibyuma byakozwe birimo nikeli nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi, akenshi birenza 50% by'uburemere. Imiterere yabyo ituma imbaraga zidasanzwe za mekanike, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, no kudahinduka kw'ingufu kugeza kuri 800°C. Iyi miterere ituma aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli ziba ingenzi muri moteri za jeti, turbine za gaze, inganda z'ingufu za kirimbuzi, n'ibikoresho bya shimi aho ubushyuhe bukabije n'ibidukikije byangiza. Mu kirere, superalloys nka Inconel na Nimonic zitanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umunaniro mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwihuta. Mu gutunganya imiti, aloyi zigumana imikorere myiza mu byuma bifite aside nyinshi cyangwa chlorine.
Imiyoboro ya aloyi ya nikeli
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Uruhare rw'ibintu bivanze: Ubutare, Nikeli, Koromu, n'ibindi
Inyongeramusaruro zigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere y'ibikoresho no kurwanya ingese. Ingano ya chromium kuva kuri 19% kugeza kuri 23% ituma habaho urwego rudahwema rwo kurinda okiside, yongera cyane ubudahangarwa ku bintu byangiza kandi ikongera igihe kirekire mu byuma bitangiza ingese na superalloys. Nickel ikomeza imiterere ya kristu kandi yongera ubudahangarwa ku bushyuhe, cyane cyane muri sisitemu ya aloyi y'icyuma-nickel-chromium. Kongeramo molybdenum, ku rugero rugera kuri 9%, byongera ubudahangarwa ku ngese n'imirongo isanzwe mu mazi yo mu nyanja no mu bidukikije bya shimi. Ubutare butanga ubudahangarwa ku mashini binyuze mu kongera ubushobozi bw'ibisubizo kandi bugatanga umusaruro mu buryo bwiza mu byiciro byinshi.
Akamaro ko kumenya neza imiterere y'ibintu
Imikorere, Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, n'Iramba
Amakuru nyayo ku miterere y’ibintu bigize nikeli atuma aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli zuzuza amahame ngenderwaho n’umutekano mu kirere no mu gutanga ingufu. Igipimo cy’icyuma gicungwa neza, nikeli, na chromium (urugero, 60–75% Ni, 19–23% Cr) bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mbaraga zo gukurura no kudakomera kuri 700–1100°C. Isesengura ritari ryo rishobora gutera gucikagurika ku buryo butunguranye, gutakaza ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa kwangirika gukabije mu buryo bukabije mu byuma bikaze. Kwemeza ubuziranenge no gukurikirana ibintu bishingiye ku igenzura ry’ibintu nyaryo kugira ngo habeho kubahiriza amategeko no kwemeza garanti.
Ingano ya Chromium n'ubudahangarwa bwa ruswa
Chromium kuri 19–23% ikora firime ya Cr₂O₃ okiside ihoraho, ikaba ingenzi cyane mu kurwanya aside, caustics, na oxidation mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Ubudahangarwa bw'icyuma kidashyuha busaba ijanisha rya chromium nibura: munsi ya 19% byongera cyane imyanda n'ibitero hagati y'udusimba. Mu byuma bikozwe muri nickel-chromium-fer bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti, kubura chromium 2% bigabanya igihe cyo gukora ho 40%, bigatuma ibikorwa byo kubungabunga byiyongera kandi bikabura igihe cyo kubikora.
Imbogamizi z'ingenzi mu isesengura ry'ibice by'ingenzi ku byuma bikozwe muri nikeli
Ubutare, nikeli, na chromium bifite uburebure bw'urumuri buhurirana, bigatuma XRF cyangwa spectroscopic quantitation bigorana. Matrices y'ibintu byinshi bifite trace molybdenum cyangwa niobium demand stable calibration and precision. Amakosa aturuka ku ngaruka za matrix cyangwa calibration drift atera sorting ikosa ya alloy, ibyago by'ubuziranenge, cyangwa kutubahiriza amasezerano ya tekiniki, hamwe n'ibirego by'ubwishingizi n'ingaruka z'uburiganya.
Uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa isesengura rya XRF mu kigo cyawe
Icyitegererezo cyo gutegura n'uburyo bwiza bwo gukora
Ahantu ho gusukura ingero ni ngombwa; kura amavuta, okiside, cyangwa uduce duto. Imiterere igororotse kandi isa neza yoroshya ubuziranenge, ariko Lonnmeter XRF ihinduka mu buryo budasanzwe.
Gushyira XRF mu mikorere yo kugenzura ubuziranenge
Shyiraho XRF kugira ngo igenzurwe buri gihe, igenzurwe ryinjira, n'ibisubizo bisohoka. Kugenzura ibyavuye mu isesengura kugira ngo urebe ko ibicuruzwa bihoraho kuva bitangiye kugeza birangiye.
Gucunga no Gukurikirana Amakuru
Bika inyandiko z'ibipimo mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bigenzurwe n'amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo kandi bikurikirane neza. Ohereza ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi ku bubiko bw'ibikoresho kugira ngo habeho imicungire y'ubuziranenge.
Isesengura rya Lonnmeter XRF rituma habaho isesengura ryihuse ry’ibice by’ingenzi ku bipimo by’ibumba rikomeye. Ibisubizo ku byuma, nikeli, chromium, na molybdenum bitangwa mu masegonda make, aho chromium ishobora kugabanukaho 0.01%. Amakuru akoreshwa mu isesengura ashobora koherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hamenyekane neza kandi hakorwe igenzura.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli ni iki kandi kuki ari ingenzi?
Aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli ni ibikoresho by'icyuma bifite nikeli nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi, akenshi bivanze n'icyuma na chromium. Izi aloyi zigaragaza imbaraga zidasanzwe z'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ingese, no kudahungabana mu mikorere mibi.
Kuki ingano ya chromium ari ingenzi mu byuma bikozwe muri nikeli?
Chromium ikora ku buryo butunguranye urwego rwa Cr₂O₃ rw’ingufu ku buso bwa aloyi buri hejuru ya 12%. Aloyi ifite kromiyumu 19–23% igaragaza uburinzi ntarengwa, ikabuza ogisijeni na halide kwinjira imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-26-2026
