Muri sisitemu yo gukuraho imyuka ikoresheje limestone-gypsum wet flue gaze, kubungabunga ubwiza bw'iyi slurry ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo sisitemu yose ikore neza kandi ihamye. Igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku gihe cy'ibikoresho, imikorere myiza ya slurry, ndetse n'ubwiza bw'ibikomoka ku bimera. Inganda nyinshi z'amashanyarazi zigabanya ingaruka za chloride ions mu slurry kuri sisitemu ya FGD. Hasi aha hari ingaruka za chloride ions nyinshi, aho zituruka, n'ingamba zo kunoza.
I. Ingaruka zo kwangirika kwa iyoni za Chloride
1. Ingufu yihuta y'ibice by'icyuma mu gikoresho gifata ibintu
- Iyoni za kloride zitera kwangirika kw'icyuma kitagira umugese, zigasenya urwego rw'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusimbuza.
- Igipimo cyo hejuru cya Cl⁻ kigabanya pH y'urusobe rw'amazi, bigatera kwangirika kw'icyuma muri rusange, kwangirika kw'imiyoboro y'amazi, no kwangirika kw'imitsi. Ibi byangiza ibikoresho nk'ipompo z'urusobe n'ibitera imbaraga, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo kubaho kwabyo.
- Mu gihe cyo gushushanya imashini zifata umwuka, igipimo cyemewe cya Cl⁻ ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitabwaho. Kwihanganira chloride nyinshi bisaba ibikoresho byiza, bigatuma ikiguzi kiyongera. Ubusanzwe, ibikoresho nk'icyuma kitagira umugese cya 2205 bishobora kwihanganira igipimo cya Cl⁻ kugeza kuri 20.000 mg/L. Ku gipimo cyiyongereye, ni byiza gukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye nka Hastelloy cyangwa nickel-based alloys.
2. Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'urusenda no kongera ikoreshwa ry'ingufu/ingufu
- Chlorides akenshi ziba mu buryo bwa calcium chloride mu gishanga. Ingano nyinshi ya calcium ion, bitewe n'ingaruka za ion zisanzwe, igabanya gushonga kwa limestone, ikagabanya alkalinity kandi ikagira ingaruka ku gikorwa cyo gukuraho SO₂.
- Iyoni za chloride nazo zibangamira uburyo bwo kwinjiza SO₂ mu buryo bw'umubiri no mu buryo bwa shimi, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gusukura sulfuri.
- Cl⁻ irenze urugero ishobora gutera ubwivumbure mu cyuma gifata amazi, bigatera kuzura, ibipimo by’amazi bitari byo, ndetse no gufunga amazi mu mashini. Ibi bishobora no gutuma amazi yinjira mu muyoboro w’umwuka urimo umwuka.
- Ubucucike bwinshi bwa chloride bushobora kandi gutera ingaruka zikomeye ku byuma nka Al, Fe, na Zn, bikagabanya uburyo CaCO₃ ikora kandi bikagabanya uburyo ikoreshwa ry’urusenda.
3. Kwangirika k'Ubwiza bwa Gypsum
- Ubwinshi bwa Cl⁻ mu gishanga bubuza SO₂ gushonga, bigatuma CaCO₃ iba nyinshi muri gypsum ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo gusohora amazi bubi.
- Kugira ngo hakorwe gypsum nziza, hakenewe andi mazi yo kumesa, bigatuma habaho uruhererekane rubi kandi yongera ingano ya chloride mu mazi yanduye, bigatuma uburyo bwo kuyatunganya bugorana.
II. Inkomoko ya Chloride Ions mu gishishwa cyo gufata amazi
1. Ibikoresho bya FGD, Amazi yo kwisiga, n'amakara
- Chlorides yinjira muri sisitemu binyuze muri izi mashini zinjira.
2. Gukoresha umuyaga wo gukonjesha Umunara nk'amazi yo mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga
- Amazi yo mu mazi akoreshwa mu gukaraba ubusanzwe aba arimo hafi 550 mg/L ya Cl⁻, bigira uruhare mu kwibumbira kwa Cl⁻ mu mazi.
3. Imikorere mibi ya Electrostatic Precipitator
- Uduce tw’umukungugu twinjira mu cyuma gifata umwuka tuba dufite chloride, zishonga mu cyuma hanyuma zikiyongera.
4. Amazi mabi adakoreshwa mu kugabanya imyanda
- Kunanirwa gusohora amazi yanduye yo gusukura imiterere n'ibisabwa mu mikorere bituma Cl⁻ yiyongera.
III. Ingamba zo kugenzura iyoni za Chloride mu gishishwa cyo gukurura
Uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura Cl⁻ irenze urugero ni ukongera uburyo amazi yanduye asohoka mu buryo bwa desulfurization mu gihe hakurikizwa amahame ngenderwaho yo gusohora. Izindi ngamba zisabwa zirimo:
1. Kunoza ikoreshwa ry'amazi ya Filtrate
- Gabanya igihe cyo kuzunguruka kw'amazi mu buryo bwa filtrate kandi ugenzure uburyo amazi akonje cyangwa amazi y'imvura yinjira mu buryo bwa slurry kugira ngo amazi akomeze kuringanizwa.
2. Gabanya amazi yo gukaraba ya Gypsum
- Gabanya ingano ya gypsum Cl⁻ ku rugero rukwiye. Ongera gukuraho Cl⁻ mu gihe cyo kuvanga amazi ukoresha gypsum slurry nshya mu gihe urugero rwa Cl⁻ rurenze 10.000 mg/L. Genzura urugero rwa Cl⁻ rw'ibinure ukoreshejeigipimo cy'ubucucike bw'umurongokandi uhindure igipimo cy'amazi yanduye asohoka hakurikijwe ibyo asanzwe abivuga.
3. Kongera imbaraga mu kugenzura Chloride
- Suzuma buri gihe ingano ya chloride y'urusenda kandi uhindure imikorere ukurikije urwego rwa sulfure y'amakara, uburinganire bw'ibikoresho, n'ibisabwa muri sisitemu.
4. Kugenzura ubucucike bw'ibinure n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi
- Komeza ubucucike bw'ibinure buri hagati ya 1080–1150 kg/m³ na pH iri hagati ya 5.4–5.8. Gabanya pH buri gihe kugira ngo wongere ingaruka mu byuma bitera ibinure.
5. Kugenzura imikorere myiza ya Electrostatic Precipitators
- Irinde uduce tw'umukungugu dufite chloride nyinshi kwinjira mu cyuma gifata amazi, cyashoboraga gushonga no kwirundanya mu gitaka.
Umwanzuro
Iyoni nyinshi za chloride zigaragaza ko amazi yanduye adasohoka neza, bigatuma imikorere ya desulfurization igabanuka ndetse n'ubusumbane mu mikorere. Kugenzura neza chloride bishobora kongera cyane imikorere n'imikorere myiza ya sisitemu. Ku bijyanye n'ibisubizo byihariye cyangwa kugeragezaLonnmeterIbicuruzwa bya '' bifite ubufasha bw'inzobere mu gukemura ibibazo biri kure, twandikire kugira ngo ubone inama ku buntu ku bisubizo byo gupima ubucucike bw'urutare.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-21-2025
