Ni gute wapima ingano y'amazi akoreshwa mu gu ...
Gupima ingano y'amazi anyura mu kirereni ingenzi cyane mu kwemeza ko ibipimo ari ukuri mu nganda cyangwa mbere yazo. Uko byaba bimeze kose, ibinyobwa cyangwa imyuka, gupima ni ikindi gihamya cy'uko ibipimo ari ukuri, bigengwa n'amahame yemewe. Bigabanya kandi ibyago byo gukora amakosa no kongera imikorere myiza mu nganda nka peteroli na gaze, gutunganya amazi, peteroli, nibindi.
Kugenzura ingano y'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima ingano y'amazi (flow meter) ni iki?
Gupima ingano y'amazi bisobanuye guhindura imiterere y'amazi mbere y'uko ashyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo ashobore kugwa mu ikosa runaka. Birashoboka ko ingano y'amazi igenda ihindagurika uko igihe kigenda kubera imiterere itandukanye y'imikorere, bigatuma habaho ihindagurika mu gupima ku rugero runaka. Inganda nka farumasi cyangwa imashini zitunganya ingufu zishyira imbere ubuziranenge kurusha izindi nzego, kuko n'itandukaniro rito rishobora gutera imikorere mibi, ibikoresho fatizo bipfa ubusa cyangwa ibibazo by'umutekano.
Gupima ibintu bikorwa n'inganda cyangwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byigenga byo gupima ibintu bigengwa n'amahame yihariye y'inganda, nk'amahame atangwa n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubuziranenge n'Ikoranabuhanga (NIST) muri Amerika cyangwa Laboratwari ya Van Swinden mu Burayi.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gukosora no gusubiza ibintu mu buryo
Gupima bivuze guhindura icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'amazi ku nshuro ya mbere mu gihe kongera gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi bisaba guhindura ubwinshi nyuma y'uko icyuma gikoreshwa mu gihe runaka. Ubuziranenge bw'icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'amazi bushobora kugabanuka bitewe n'ingufu zidasanzwe ziterwa no gukora buri gihe. Gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi buri gihe bifite akamaro kangana no gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi bwa mbere mu nganda zitandukanye kandi zigoye.
Gusubiramo ibintu bireba amateka y'imikorere ndetse n'ingaruka ku bidukikije. Intambwe zombi zirinda gutunganya no gukora ibintu bikomeye kandi bigoye mu buryo bufatika, amakosa n'ibitagenda neza.
Uburyo bwo Gupima Igipimo cy'Umuvuduko w'Imvura
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima ibipimo by'amazi bwarashyizweho neza, hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'amazi n'ibipimo. Ubwo buryo bwemeza ko ibipimo by'amazi bikora hakurikijwe amahame amwe n'amwe yagenwe mbere.
Kugereranya hagati ya metero ebyiri z'amazi
Igipimo cy'amazi kigomba gupimwa gishyirwa mu buryo bukurikiranye hamwe n'ikijyanye n'amabwiriza runaka. Ingano y'amazi muri metero zombi igereranywa mu gihe hageragezwa ingano y'amazi izwi. Hazakorwa impinduka zikenewe hakurikijwe igipimo cy'amazi kizwi neza mu gihe habayeho gutandukana n'umupaka usanzwe. Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa mu gupimaIgipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.
Gupima Gravimetric
Ingano runaka y'amazi mu gihe runaka irapimwa, hanyuma ikagera ku kugereranya igipimo n'umusaruro wabazwe. Akadomo k'amazi gashyirwa mu gipimo cy'igerageza hanyuma gapima amazi mu gihe kizwi nk'amasegonda mirongo itandatu. Gerageza kubara umuvuduko w'amazi binyuze mu kugabanya ingano n'igihe. Menya neza niba itandukaniro riri hagati y'umusaruro wabazwe n'umusomyo riri mu ntera yemewe. Niba atari byo, hindura igipimo hanyuma usige igipimo mu ntera yemewe. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu gupimaigipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi.
Gupima Piston Prover
Gupima piston prover birakwiriye mu gupimaibipimo by'umuvuduko w'umwuka, ukoresheje piston ifite ubunini buzwi imbere kugira ngo ushyire amazi menshi mu gipimo cy'amazi runaka. Pima ubunini bw'amazi ujya imbere kuri piston prover. Hanyuma ugereranye igipimo cyagaragajwe n'ubunini buzwi hanyuma uhindure uko bikwiye nibiba ngombwa.
Akamaro ko Gusubiramo Isuzuma Rusange
Ubunyangamugayo bw'icyuma gipima amazi bushobora kwangirika mu gihe runaka mu buryo buhambaye kandi bugoye bwo gutunganya nk'imiti, indege, ingufu n'amazi. Igihombo cy'inyungu n'ibyangiritse ku bikoresho bishobora guterwa no gupima amazi nabi, ibyo bigatuma habaho ingaruka zitaziguye ku kiguzi n'inyungu.
Ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu kumenya aho amazi ava bishobora kudatanga ingero zihagije kugira ngo bigaragaze neza aho amazi ava cyangwa imikorere mibi y'ibikoresho, nk'ibikunze kugaragara mu nganda za peteroli na gaze cyangwa mu miyoboro y'amazi yo mu mujyi.
Imbogamizi Uhura Nazo Mu Gupima Igipimo cy'Impeshyi
Gupima imiterere y'amazi bishobora kuzanwa n'imbogamizi, nko guhindagurika mu miterere y'amazi, ingaruka z'ubushyuhe, n'impinduka mu bidukikije. Byongeye kandi, amakosa ya muntu mu gihe cyo gusuzuma intoki ashobora guteza amakosa. Ibikoresho bya porogaramu zikora mu buryo bwikora n'ibigezweho birimo gukoreshwa cyane kugira ngo kunoze uburyo bwo gusuzuma neza, bitanga ibitekerezo n'impinduka mu buryo bwihuse bishingiye ku makuru y'imikorere.
Ni kangahe ibipimo by'amazi bigomba gupimwa?
Inshuro zo gupima ziratandukanye mu mikoreshereze n'inganda. Kenshi na kenshi, ibipimo by'amazi bigenwa gupima buri mwaka mu buryo gakondo aho gushingira ku bya siyansi. Bimwe bishobora gusaba gupima buri myaka itatu cyangwa ine mu gihe bimwe bikenera gupima buri kwezi kugira ngo imikorere ikomeze kuba myiza, ikora neza kandi ikurikiza amategeko. Igihe cyo gupima ntabwo gihoraho kandi gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uko byakoreshejwe n'imikorere ya kera.
Ni ryari ugomba gupima?
Gushyiraho gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura bisaba ubufasha buturutseuruganda rukora icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'amazindetse n'umutanga serivisi wujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo barebe neza inshuro zikwiye. Abakoresha bashobora gukurikiza inama z'abahanga hakurikijwe imiterere ya serivisi runaka, imikorere nyayo n'uburambe bwabo. Muri make, inshuro zo gupima zifitanye isano n'ubwitonzi, kwihanganira cyane, uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha ndetse n'isuku ikwiye.
Iyo gahunda isanzwe yo gupima yakozwe mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi, porogaramu yo gucunga ibikoresho iri mu ngengabihe n'inyandiko z'amakuru irushaho kuba nini. Inganda zitunganya ibikoresho zizungukira ku makuru yose yanditswe kandi abikwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-18-2024
