Gupima amazi anyura mu buryo buhoraho ni ishingiro ridasubirwaho kugira ngo habeho ingaruka nzizakurembaGupima reagent mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro, bikaba ari isano y'ingenzi hagati yo kudahindagurika kw'imikorere, kugarura ibyuma, no gukoresha neza ikiguzi. Mu gutanga amakuru nyayo kandi nyayo ku gipimo cyo gutanga reagent n'uburyo ibintu bihinduka mu buryo bw'urubura, bituma inganda zishobora kumenyera imiterere y'amabuye y'agaciro ihindagurika, imiterere y'ibinure, n'impinduka mu mikorere—bigabanya ibyago byo kudakoresha reagent ihagije (ibigabanya kugarura amashanyarazi) no gukoresha requation irenze urugero (ibipfusha ubusa imiti kandi bigatera ubuziranenge bw'ibinyabutabire).
Gupima Reagent mu Ikoreshwa ry'Ingufu zo Kurekura
Ingingo z'ibanze zo gupima ingano y'ibice bitanga amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa Flotation
Gupima neza uburyo ibintu bihinduka mu buryo bworoshye ni ingenzi mu gutuma amabuye y'agaciro atandukana neza mu ruganda rutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Ingano nyayo n'igenzura ry'ingano y'ibintu bihinduka ni byo bigena imikorere yabyo.uturemangingo two kureremba, bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cyo kugarura ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa ndetse n'ubwiza bwabyo. Iyo abakusanya, nka xanthate cyangwa dithiophosphate collectors, badahawe dose ikwiye, umusaruro urahinduka vuba. Xanthate irengeje urugero ishobora kuzura ubutare burenze urugero, bigatuma igikoresho gipima ubunini bw'amazi kiyongera ndetse no gukora ku buryo butateganijwe kw'uduce twa gangue, bigagabanya cyane uburyo bwo guhitamo. Ku rundi ruhande, kudakoresha dose ihagije bituma habaho gufatana kudahagije, bigagabanya uburemere bw'amabuye y'agaciro yakusanyijwe kandi bikagabanya umusaruro muri rusange. Imikoreshereze ya Dithiophosphate collectors ihura n'imbogamizi nk'izo; kugenzura neza bigabanya ibiciro byinshi cyane bya reagents hamwe n'ikoreshwa ry'imiti idakenewe, bishyigikira uburyo bwo gukoresha reagents mu buryo burambye.
Ibintu bihindura imiterere y'amazi mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro
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Gucukura ifuro bigira uruhare rutandukanye ariko rufite akamaro kanini. Ingano yabyo igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kudatezuka kw'ifuro, ingano y'ibiceri, n'ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara. Gukoresha ifuro cyane bitera ifuro rihoraho cyane, rishobora gufata gangue nyinshi, rigagabanya urugero rw'ibice byiyongera nubwo igipimo cyo kuzenguruka kigaragara kizamuka. Gukoresha ifuro ritaringaniye bigabanya ubuziranenge bw'ifuro, bigatuma uduce tw'agaciro two mu ngirabuzimafatizo dusohoka mu karemangingo kandi bikagabanya gukira.
Gukomera kw'ifuro, bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'iyongera ry'ibinyabutabire n'imikorere, bigira ingaruka ku ihererekanya ry'ibinyabutabire mu turemangingo duto. Ifuro rihamye ryemerera gufata neza utubumbe tw'umwuka ku duce tw'imyunyu ngugu, bigatuma ihererekanya ry'ibinyabutabire rigenda neza. Imiterere y'ifuro ihungabanye, bitewe n'ingano mbi y'ibinyabutabire, ibangamira iyi gahunda, bigira ingaruka ku bipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibinyabutabire byagaruwe.
Kugera ku musaruro mwiza wo kuzenguruka kw'isi bishingira ku guhindura byihuse kandi neza urugero rw'ibice by'amabuye y'agaciro—cyane cyane bitewe n'imiterere y'amabuye y'agaciro ahinduka. Gukoresha neza bigira uruhare mu kunoza ingano y'ibice by'amabuye y'agaciro, bigabanya amahirwe yo gutakaza amafaranga menshi y'ibice by'agaciro no gushyigikira ingamba zo kongera ubwiyongere bw'ibice by'icyuma.
Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amazi
Imiterere y’ibice by’amazi bihindagurika ihura n’ibintu bitandukanye. Ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyane cyane ingano y’uduce, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo ibice by’amazi bikorana n’urusenda. Uduce tw’amazi duto cyane dukeneye guhindura ubwoko bw’ibice by’amazi n’umuvuduko w’ibiryo, kuko bitanga ubuso bwinshi bwo kwinjiza amazi kandi bishobora guhindura vuba umuvuduko w’amazi unyura mu karemangingo k’amazi. Iyo igikoresho cyo gupima umuvuduko w’amazi gigaragaje impinduka zikomeye, impinduka zijyanye no kongeramo ibice by’amazi akenshi zikurikiraho kugira ngo hakomeze kubaho guhitamo no kugarura ibintu.
pH y'umunyu ni uburyo bw'ibanze bwo kugenzura imiti; igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umunyu ndetse no ku mikorere y'umunyu. Urugero, gupima xanthate mu gihe cy'amazi biba ingenzi ku rugero rwa pH rutandukanye, aho aside yongera uburyo imyunyungugu ya sulfide ikwirakwira mu gihe ikagabanya ibikorwa ku bintu bidakenewe. Iyo pH ivuye ku ntego, ndetse no ku rugero ruto, imiterere y'ubuso bw'amabuye y'agaciro bityo n'uburyo amazi ahindukamo bishobora guhinduka, bigasaba kongera gukoresha reagent neza.
Umwotsi uva mu gishanga ukorana cyane n'umuti uva mu gishanga n'umuti ufata. Ubwinshi bw'umwuka uva mu gishanga byongera gukwirakwira kw'ibibyimba ariko bishobora gusaba ko umwuka uva mu gishanga uba mwinshi kugira ngo imiterere y'igishanga ikomeze. Iyo umwuka uva mu gishanga izamutse idahindutse, ifu ihinduka cyangwa ifu idakenewe ikunze kugaragara mu gishanga.
Ibipimo by'imikorere—umuvuduko w'impeller, igihe cyo gutura mu turemangingo, n'ubucucike bw'impeller—ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho reagent nyinshi. Umuvuduko wihuse w'impeller ushobora gusenya uduce tw'ibice by ...
Muri make, gupima neza reagent ya flotation ni igikorwa gihoraho cyo kuringaniza gishingiye ku miterere y'amabuye y'agaciro, ibipimo by'imikorere, n'uburyo ibikoresho bifatwa. Gusa, gusuzuma buri kintu kigira ingaruka—ubwoko bw'ikusanya n'ubwoko bw'ifu, igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ingano, kugenzura igipimo cy'amazi, kugenzura pH, n'umwuka—ni byo byonyine bishobora gutuma uruganda rutunganya amabuye y'agaciro rurushaho kunoza uburyo bwo guhitamo, kugarura no gukoresha neza amafaranga icyarimwe.
Akamaro ko gupima uburemere buri gihe kandi neza
Amahame n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi menshi
Gupima buri gihe kandi neza umuvuduko w'amazi mu bukungu ni ingenzi mu kunoza uburyo reagent ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Mu miyoboro y'amazi ikoreshwa mu gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, gutanga no gukurikirana neza reagents—nk'abakusanya xanthate na dithiophosphate—bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere myiza yo gutandukanya, ikiguzi cy'ireagent, ndetse n'umusaruro w'icyuma muri rusange.
Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi bya Coriolis bikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cy'ibanze gipima umuvuduko w'amazi. Ibi bikoresho bikora binyuze mu gutuma umuvuduko w'amazi ugera mu tuyoboro tw'amajwi; uko reagent inyura, umuvuduko w'amazi utera impinduka mu muvuduko w'amazi ugera ku muvuduko nyawo w'amazi. Iri hame ryo gupima rituma ibipimo bya Coriolis bishobora gufata neza umuvuduko w'amazi gusa, ahubwo binafata imiterere y'ingenzi nk'ubucucike n'ubukana bw'amazi - ndetse bigatanga n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe cyangwa amazi akoreshwa mu mikorere. Ubuhanga bwabyo buhora bugera ku makosa ya 0.05% mu gushyiraho no gupima neza, bigatuma biba igikoresho gikunzwe cyane cyo gupima umuvuduko w'amazi mu mikoreshereze y'ibikoresho byo kugenzura amazi mu gihe nyacyo.
Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi menshi bikoreshwa cyane mu gupima reagents za flotation birimo kilogarama ku isaha (kg/h), toni ku isaha (t/h), na, rimwe na rimwe, garama ku isegonda (g/s). Guhitamo ibipimo biterwa n'ingano y'imikorere n'ubunini bw'igenzura ryifuzwa ku bwoko bwihariye bw'ireagents. Gukoresha ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi bikwiye bifasha kwemeza ko impinduka mu gipimo bigira ingaruka nziza haba mu ngamba zo kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ireagents ndetse no kunoza igipimo cyo kugarura ibyuma.
Akamaro ko gupima mu buryo bworoshye kandi bugezweho gashingiye ku bushobozi bwabyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo byihuse. Mu kugaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati y’umuvuduko w’amazi uturutse ku bwinshi bw’amazi, abakora bashobora kwihutira kubyinjiramo, birinda ko habaho igihe cyo kudatanga dose ihagije (kugabanya umuvuduko wo kugarura amazi) cyangwa gukoresha dose irenze urugero (kongera ikiguzi cy’ibinyabutabire no gushyira mu kaga imikorere idahwitse).
Guhuza ikoranabuhanga rya sensor mu kugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo bya reagent
Ibikoresho byo gupima no gusesengura kuri interineti—harimo n'ibipimo by'ubucucike bw'umuvuduko n'ubukana bya Lonnmeter—bishyirwa mu buryo bw'ingenzi mu miyoboro y'ibipimo by'ubucucike no mu myanya yo gupima mu gice cy'urukiramende. Uku gushyiramo bibafasha gukusanya amakuru ahoraho kandi y'igihe nyacyo ku miterere n'umuvuduko w'ubucucike, bigatanga amakuru ahoraho ku bagenzura ibikorwa.
Ibipimo by'amazi ya Coriolis bigize inkingi y'ubu buryo bwo gukurikirana buri gihe, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n'abakusanya (nka xanthate na dithiophosphate) no gucukura ifuro. Igipimo cy'amazi yavuyemo amazi neza cyane giha abakoresha amakuru yizewe yo gupima uko ibintu bigenda bihinduka hatitawe ku miterere y'amazi—ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, impinduka z'ubushyuhe, cyangwa ihinduka ry'imiterere y'amazi.
Uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ubu buryo bugere ku ntsinzi: Amakuru aturuka kuri sensors zo kuri interineti ayobora uburyo bwo kugenzura dosing bwikora buhindura uburyo reagent itangwa. Urugero, iyo amazi menshi agabanutse bitewe no kuziba cyangwa impinduka mu buryo bw'ubushyuhe, uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo bushobora guhita bukosora igipimo cyo gutanga, bugatuma igipimo cyo kugarura ibyuma gikomeza ku rwego rw'intego kandi igiciro cya reagent kigakomeza kubungabungwa. Ubu bushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu mu buryo bw'ikora ni ingenzi cyane cyane aho gukoresha reagent neza bishobora gusobanura itandukaniro hagati y'umusaruro w'icyuma uri hasi n'uw'icyuma cyiza.
Imiyoboro ya sensor ihujwe, ishingiye ku bipimo by'uburemere bw'amazi kandi ikongerwamo sensor z'ubucucike n'ubukana, ituma habaho umusaruro uhoraho mu gihe habayeho impinduka mu mikorere. Abakoresha bungukira ku gutanga amakuru hakiri kare ku bintu bitagenda neza—kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amazi, kugabanuka k'ubucucike, cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse ya reagent—bituma habaho kwihuta no kugabanya ibyago byo gutandukana cyangwa gukoresha reagent nyinshi.
Amaherezo, kunoza uburyo ibipimo bipimirwa neza no kugenzura byikora bigabanya ubusa bw’ibinyabutabire, umusaruro w’icyuma urushaho kwiyongera bitewe no kuzura kw’amazi, ndetse no kuzigama amafaranga menshi mu mikorere—intego z’ingenzi muri gahunda iyo ari yo yose yo kunoza uburyo ibipimo bikoreshwa mu gupima.
Ingamba zo kunoza uburyo bwo gupima ingano y'ibice bitanga amashanyarazi mu mazi
Kwikora no Gutunganya Imiterere y'Ibintu mu buryo bwa Remote
Uburyo bwo gukora isuzuma ry’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo bwikora butuma inganda zitunganya amabuye y’agaciro zishobora kwihutisha impinduka mu mirire y’amabuye y’agaciro n’ihindagurika ry’imikorere. Igenzura ry’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro, riyobowe n’ibipimo by’imikorere mu gihe nyacyo, rituma isuzuma ry’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro rihora risubiza imiterere y’imikorere. Urugero, ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w’amazi mu murongo—nk’ibipimo by’ubucucike n’ubukana byakozwe na Lonnmeter—bitanga amakuru y’ingenzi ku bagenzura isuzuma ry’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro. Ibi bisubiza bifunga umurongo uri hagati y’imiterere y’ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro byapimwe n’umuvuduko wo kongeramo ibice by’amabuye y’agaciro, bikerekana ko inzira ikomeza kuba ku ntego nubwo hari impinduka.
Gupima neza no kugenzura buri gihe ibi bikoresho ni ingenzi cyane. Iyo ibipimo by'imikoreshereze y'ibipimo cyangwa ibipimo by'imikoreshereze y'ibipimo bigenda bihindagurika, sisitemu zo kugenzura zishobora kuba zitari zo, bigatuma dose irenze urugero cyangwa idahagije. Gahunda zo kugenzura ziteganyijwe hamwe no kugenzura hakoreshejwe ingero zakozwe n'intoki birinda ibi bibazo. Byongeye kandi, gukomeza kwandika amakuru ahoraho byongera imbaraga mu igenzura no kunoza imikorere. Gukoresha neza igenzura rikorwa mu buryo bufunze, rishyigikiwe n'amakuru yizewe ku bikoresho, byagaragaye ko bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibisubizo kugeza kuri 20% kandi bikanozakugarura ibyumaibipimo ku bipimo byinshi ku ijanisha, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikoreshereze y'ibiciro ndetse no ku musaruro w'icyuma mu miyoboro ya flotation.
Ibimenyetso byo gusuzuma ikoreshwa ry'ingufu mu buryo butari bwo
Ingano y'ibipimo bya flotation reagent igomba kuba iringaniye neza. Ibimenyetso by'amaso akenshi bitanga ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'ibibazo byo gutanga ingero. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara byo kudatanga ingero ni uburebure buke bw'inkingi z'ifuro, utubumbe tunini tw'ifuro dufite imyunyu ngugu idakwirakwira neza, hamwe n'imiterere y'ifuro idakomeye cyangwa idahamye ku buso bw'uturemangingo. Isuzuma ry'isesengura—nk'igabanuka ry'uburemere bw'ibipimo, ingano nto y'icyuma, no kugabanuka k'ubuvune—nabyo bigaragaza ko hashyizweho ikusanya cyangwa ifuro rihagije.
Gukoresha ifu nyinshi bigaragarira mu buryo butandukanye. Kongeramo ifu nyinshi bishobora gutuma habaho uduce twinshi tw’ifu, uduce duto, n’ifu idahindagurika cyane, bigatuma ifu idakuramo ifu. Gukoresha ifu nyinshi cyane bishobora gutuma imyunyu ngugu yiyongera, bigagabanya urwego rw’ifu. Gukurikirana buri gihe ibimenyetso by’ingenzi nk’uburebure bw’inkingi y’ifu, ingano y’ifu, no kudahindagurika kw’amazi bitanga ubumenyi bufatika. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Inline Sensors naibipimo by'ubucucike/ubukana, iyo bihujwe no kwemeza amakuru mu buryo buhamye, fasha mu kugaragaza ibi bibazo hakiri kare, bigatuma abakora porogaramu bahindura ingano y'ibipimo mbere yuko imikorere y'ibikorwa ihungabana.
Ubuyobozi Bufatika ku bakusanya no kongeramo Frother
Ingamba zifatika zo gupima ku bakusanya n'abafumbira zishingiye ku ikoreshwa ry'inyongera mu byiciro no ku buryo bwo guhinduranya ibintu. Ku bijyanye no gupima xanthate mu gihe cyo kuzura, gukwirakwiza mu byiciro bikomeye kandi bisukuye ni ngombwa, aho ibyiciro byinshi bya mbere bigabanuka ku bipimo bito kandi bito byo hasi. Gukoresha dithiophosphate mu gukusanya ubusanzwe byuzuza xanthate, hamwe no gukosora witonze hakurikijwe imiterere y'amabuye y'agaciro ya sulfide n'imiterere yayo.
Guhitamo ifuru y'ubucukuzi bigomba kugaragaza imiterere y'uruziga n'ubwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Ingano y'ifuru y'ubucukuzi ku rwego runaka ishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo igenzure ingano y'ifuru n'ubudahangarwa bw'ifuru, bishyigikire kugarura ubutare bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Gutunganya neza bisaba gutunganya neza imvange z'ibinyabutabire - atari ukukurikiza gusa resept zashyizweho. Abakoresha bagomba gusesengura buri gihe ihindagurika ry'ibiryo n'uburyo byo kugarura ubuziranenge kugira ngo bongere gupima igipimo cyo kongeramo. Ibikoresho byo gupima ubunini bw'amazi, nk'ibyatanzwe na Lonnmeter, bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere nyayo y'ifuru kuri buri cyiciro, birebe ko ifuru ihura n'ibikenewe mu buryo bunyuramo n'uburyo ikoreshwa.
Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire, intego nyamukuru yo kugabanya ikiguzi mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro, bishingiye kuri ubu buryo bwo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo no kuvugurura. Gupima neza ibipimo bituma ibyuma bizamuka kandi bikongera umusaruro muri rusange w’ibinyabutabire bitazamuye amafaranga akoreshwa mu buvuzi, bigafasha ubukungu bw’ibimera no ku bidukikije.
Kugera ku ikoreshwa ry'ibiciro mu buryo bunoze no kongera uburyo bwo kugarura ibyuma
Kugabanya ikoreshwa rya Reagent mu gihe ukomeza gukora neza
Gupima neza ikoreshwa ry’ibice by’ubutare ni ingenzi mu kugenzura ikiguzi mu nganda zitunganya amabuye y’agaciro. Ingamba zo kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ibice by’ubutare zibanda ku gukoresha ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w’amazi mu buryo bwikora nka metero zipima ubucucike, bitanga ibitekerezo byihuse kandi byizewe ku miterere y’ibice by’ubutare. Mu guhuza neza ingano ya xanthate, dithiophosphate ikusanya, n’ibice by’ubucukuzi byongewe mu bipimo by’umuvuduko w’amazi mu gihe nyacyo, inganda zigabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibice by’ubutare n’ibinyabutabire byangiritse mu gihe zirinda imikorere yo kugarura amazi.
Urugero, gukoresha igikoresho mu gupima umuvuduko w'amazi menshi hamwe n'isesengura ry'imikorere mu gihe nyacyo bituma habaho gukosora ako kanya iyo amakuru agaragaza ko nta mikorere myiza ikoreshwa. Kugenzura neza bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire muri rusange, bigabanya inshuro zo kugura reagents, kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubika no gucunga. Inzego z'isesengura zibika amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire buri gihe zifasha abakora mu gupima ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire rihoraho n'ikoreshwa nabi, bifungura amahirwe yo kugabanya ikiguzi cya reagents no kunoza inyungu. Izi ngamba zo kunoza amakuru ntizigabanya gusa ikiguzi cya reagents ahubwo zinagabanya umutwaro w'ibidukikije wo gusohora ibinyabutabire byinshi.
Kongera igipimo cyo kugarura imiti binyuze mu kugenzura neza uburyo ikoreshwa
Igipimo cyiza cy’ibinyabutabire mu kuzura kw’amazi gishingiye ku kuringaniza neza uburyo ibinyabutabire byinjira n’uburyo amabuye y’agaciro atembera. Gupima no kugenzura uburyo ibinyabutabire bipimirwa n’amazi bigabanya ubukana bw’amazi mu buryo butaziguye bikunze guterwa no guhinduranya intoki. Ibimera bikora igenzura rihoraho hakoreshejwe ibipimo by’ubucucike n’ubukana bw’amazi, nk’ibyakozwe na Lonnmeter, bitanga aya makuru mu buryo bw’igihe nyacyo mu buryo bwo kuyapima, bigatuma habaho kongeramo ibinyabutabire mu buryo buhamye kandi bunoze.
Ubu buryo bukomeye butanga inyungu zifatika. Urugero, mu igerageza aho uburyo bwo gupima ingano y’amazi yakoreshejwe bwasimbuye uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki, inganda zagaragaje ko ingano y’amazi yagarutse ku kigero cya 1.5% hejuru, ndetse no kugabanuka kugaragara kw’ibitaka byatakaye. Ahantu habereye igerageza hagaragaje ko imikorere myiza mu kuvugurura ingano y’ibyuma mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro binyuze mu guhuza ingano y’ibikoresho n’impinduka zapimwe mu ngano y’amazi n’imiterere yayo—cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’ibiryo by’ibiribwa. Uko guhagarara kw’imikorere binyuze mu gupima ingano ku buryo buhoraho bivuze ko umusaruro w’amabuye y’agaciro uri hejuru kandi ushoboka, bishyigikira ubukungu bw’inganda no gukomeza gukora neza.
Urugero rwavuzwe mu nyandiko ziherutse rwerekanye ko gukoresha neza xanthate mu gupima amazi mu kirere, aho ibitekerezo byavuye mu gupima amazi menshi, byatumye ikoreshwa rya reagent kuri toni imwe ryagabanywaho 17%. Muri icyo gihe, igipimo cyo kugarura ibyuma cyariyongereye - bigaragaza inyungu ebyiri zo kunoza igipimo cya reagent n'ingamba zo kongera kugarura ibyuma.
Isesengura ry’imikorere rihoraho hamwe n’ibikoresho bigezweho byemeza ko isano iri hagati yo gupima reagents n’ibikomoka ku mabuye y’agaciro ikomeza gukomera. Umusaruro wa nyuma ni impinduka mu mikoreshereze y’ibiciro bya reagents zo mu bwoko bwa flotation, kugabanuka kw’impinduka mu mikorere, no kunoza imikorere mu buryo burambye mu kongera umusaruro w’icyuma binyuze mu gukwirakwiza.
Ibimera bishaka kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire bishobora gukoresha uburyo bwo guhindura amakuru mu gihe cy’ibiryo biri hasi cyangwa impinduka mu bijyanye n’ubutare, bigakomeza gutanga umusaruro uhoraho hatitawe ku ihindagurika ry’ibicuruzwa. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha uburyo ni bumwe mu buryo bwasabwe bwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro hatabayeho gutakaza agaciro, bigaragaza inyungu zigaragara mu mibare no mu bukungu haba mu rwego rw’igerageza ndetse no mu nganda.
Isano iri hagati y'ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima, kugarura umusaruro, n'inyungu z'ibimera
Gupima neza ibipimo by’ibice bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ibice bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ibice bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro ndetse no ku nyungu. Uburyo bwo kongeramo ibipimo by’ibice bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro neza—byashobotse binyuze mu bikoresho bipima umuvuduko w’amazi nk’ibipimo by’ubucucike bw’imirongo—bigira uruhare runini mu guhuza umusaruro w’ibikorwa n’ubushobozi bw’ubukungu.
Gutanga neza dose bifitanye isano nyamukuru no kugarura aho amazi anyura. Gutanga dose ya xanthate mu gihe cyo kuzura no gukoresha neza dithiophosphate collector bituma habaho gufata neza uduce duto tw’ibinure n’uburyo bwo guhitamo. Iyo inganda zikoresha ibikoresho byizewe byo gupima umuvuduko w’amazi, zigira ububasha bwo kugenzura neza uburyo amazi yinjiramo ugereranije n’amazi cyangwa pulp, bigatuma imiterere y’ibinyabutabire ikomeza ku rwego rwiza. Ibi bituma ibyuma bikomeza kuzamuka cyane kandi bikarinda ihindagurika rihenze mu rugero rwa concentrate. Urugero, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kuva ku kongeramo reagent n’intoki ukajya kuri sisitemu zikora zishingiye ku makuru y’amazi anyura mu buryo bw’igihe nyacyo n’ubwinshi bw’amazi bishobora kongera kugaruka ku kigero cya 1-3 ku ijana mu gihe bibuza amabuye y’agaciro adakenewe kwinjira mu muyoboro w’ibicuruzwa.
Inyungu ku mikorere y'ubukungu nazo ni ingenzi. Gupima reagent ya Flotation bikurikije uburyo bwo gupima ingano y'amazi mu gihe nyacyo bigabanya mu buryo butaziguye ikoreshwa ry'reagent rirenze urugero—ikibazo kidashira mu buryo bwa kera. Kubera ko reagents ari zo zigize igice kinini cy'amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa by'uruganda, kugabanya ingano nta gutakaza imikorere bitanga kuzigama amafaranga ako kanya.
Gukomera mu mikorere—ni ngombwa kugira ngo inyungu ikomeze—birushaho kwiyongera iyo impinduka mu mikorere zijyanye n’uburyo ibintu bigenda bihinduka bivuye mu bikoresho bikoresha ubwinshi bw’amazi n’ubwinshi bw’amazi. Ubwo buryo buhita bubona ukwiyongera kw’amazi, ihindagurika ry’ubwinshi bw’amazi, cyangwa inzitizi, bigatuma ababikora bakosora ibitagenda neza mbere yuko bihinduka ihindagurika rikomeye ry’imikorere cyangwa gutakaza ubwiyongere bw’amazi. Gukoresha reagents mu buryo buhoraho bifasha umusaruro mwinshi binyuze mu kugabanya ibyago byo kugerwaho n’ibicuruzwa bitari ngombwa, bigatuma uruganda rukora neza hafi y’ubushobozi bwarwo.
Guhitamo no kunoza uburyo bwo gucukura ifuro, gukusanya no guhindura ibintu mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga birushaho kuba byiza iyo habayeho amakuru yizewe yerekeye uburyo ibintu bigenda bicukurwa n’ubwinshi bw’ibikoresho. Urugero, guhuza neza ibikoresho biri mu murongo ntibishyigikira gusa uburyo bwo kunoza ingano y’ibikoresho bicukurwa n’uburyo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi, ahubwo binashyigikira uburyo bugezweho bwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bicukurwa mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bitabangamiye umusaruro w’ibyuma.
Ingamba zo gupima ibintu mu buryo buhamye, zishingiye ku gupima neza mu gihe nyacyo, zishyiraho ibanze rihamye ry’ibikorwa birambye. Ibigo bigira uruhare mu kunoza ubwiyongere bw’ibipimo byo kugarura ibyuma mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu gihe gupima ibintu bihuye n’ibikenewe mu buryo nyabwo—ntabwo ari uko byakozwe mu gihe cy’igerageza n’amakosa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gupima ubwinshi bw’ibice binyuze mu gipimo cya Lonnmeter cy’ubucucike n’ubukana bw’ibice bipima ubukana bitanga amakuru y’ibanze kugira ngo igiciro cy’ibice bipima ubukana bw ...
Inyigo zasuzumwe n'urungano zemeza ko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima ibintu hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gupima neza bishyigikira ingamba zo kongera ubwiyongere bw'ibyuma no kunoza inyungu zigaragara mu nganda, byemeza uruhare rwabyo nk'uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro muri iki gihe.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)
Igikoresho gipima umuvuduko w'amazi ni iki, kandi kuki ari ingenzi mu gupima reagent ya flotation?
Igikoresho gipima umuvuduko w'amazi gipima ingano y'ibice bitanga ubutare cyangwa urusenda bitangwa mu ruganda rutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Ibi bikoresho bitanga amakuru y'igihe nyacyo, bigatuma habaho kugenzura mu buryo bwikora uburyo ibice bitanga ubutare bikoreshwa. Gupima neza kandi bihoraho ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho kugena neza ibice bya xanthate mu gihe cyo kuzura, gukoresha neza dithiophosphate collector, no guhitamo neza ibice bitanga ubutare. Ibi binoze byongera umuvuduko wo kugarura ibyuma kandi bigakomeza kugenzura ikiguzi cyabyo n'icyo gukora. Iyo kugabanya umuvuduko, nubwo byaba bike, gukusanya bidahagije cyangwa gusohora ubutare bwinshi bishobora kubaho, bikangiza kugarura no kudahinduka kw'uruziga. Gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amazi mu buryo bwikora bikomeza kunoza ingano y'ibice bitanga ubutare, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku muvuduko wo kugarura ibyuma mu bucukuzi.
Ni ibihe bipimo by'uburemere bw'amazi bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda zitunganya amabuye y'agaciro?
Ibipimo bisanzwe by'uburemere bw'amazi birimo ibiro ku isaha (kg/h), toni ku isaha (t/h), na garama ku isegonda (g/s). Igipimo cyatoranijwe giterwa n'igipimo cy'ibinyabutabire bitangwa n'ibipimo by'ibinyabutabire. Urugero, abakusanya ibintu benshi nka xanthate batangwa mu byiciro bya kg/h mu byuma by'ibanze, mu gihe ifuro ryihariye rishobora gutangwa muri g/s aho bikenewe ko habaho ubushobozi bwo kunoza. Ibipimo bimwe byo gupima ku bipimo bipima bishimangira uburyo ibintu bikoreshwa mu gukurikirana ibinyabutabire kandi bigafasha abakora kugereranya imikorere n'ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu gucukura.
Ni gute wahitamo igikoresho cyizewe cyo gupima umuvuduko w'amazi mu gupima reagents za flotation?
Guhitamo igikoresho cyiza cyo gupima umuvuduko w'amazi biterwa n'ibipimo byinshi by'imikorere. Ku bipimo by'amazi, bike kugeza ku gipimo cy'ubushyuhe, ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa cyane. Bipima neza umuvuduko mu mirongo ifata amazi yangiza n'ibinyamisogwe kandi byoroshye guhuza na sisitemu zo kugenzura kugira ngo bihindurwe mu buryo bwikora. Ibipimo by'umuvuduko wa Coriolis birakunzwe kubera ko bipima neza mu buryo butandukanye bw'ubushyuhe n'ubucucike bw'amazi, bigapima mu buryo butaziguye umuvuduko w'amazi. Ibi bituma bikwiranye neza n'ibipimo by'agaciro gakomeye cyangwa by'ingenzi mu mikorere. Ariko, bisaba ishoramari rinini no kubungabunga. Ibipimo by'imihanda myiza birahebuje hamwe n'ibipimo by'umwihariko, bitanga ubuziranenge bwinshi ku muvuduko muto w'amazi. Guhitamo bigomba kandi kwita ku guhuza n'uburyo bwo gusukura, cyane cyane ku buryo bwo gupima bufite ibisabwa byo gusukura ahantu runaka cyangwa guhinduranya ibipimo kenshi. Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bikomeye kugira ngo bishobore guhangana n'ubwiyongere bw'ibipimo, ingese, no kubungabunga buri gihe mu ruganda rutunganya amabuye y'agaciro.
Kuki gukora ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima reagents mu buryo bwikora ari ingenzi mu nganda zitunganya amabuye y'agaciro zigezweho?
Kwikora ku gipimo cya flotation reagent bitanga umusaruro uhoraho kandi usobanutse neza wongeramo abakusanya n'abafuru bitewe n'ibitekerezo by'uburyo ibintu bikorwa mu buryo bufatika. Impinduka mu miterere y'ibiryo cyangwa impinduka mu miterere y'ibiryo bisubizwa vuba, byongera umuvuduko wo kudahinduka no kugaruka kw'ibicuruzwa. Uburyo bwo gupima ibipimo bwikora, hakoreshejwe amakuru aturuka ku bikoresho bipima amazi, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo rikabije n'ikoreshwa rito ry'ibicuruzwa - ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bigira uruhare mu kudakora neza. Iri hinduka rikuraho amakosa y'abantu mu gupima intoki kandi rihuza itangwa ry'imiti n'impinduka mu micungire y'amabuye y'agaciro, rigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora mu gihe ryongera umuvuduko wo kugarura ibyuma mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Inyigo zasuzumwe n'abandi zigaragaza ko gushyira hamwe uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi mu buryo buhanitse byongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibipimo kugeza kuri 10% kandi bigatanga umusaruro ufatika mu buryo bufatika.
Ni izihe ngamba zifasha mu kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe bitabaye ngombwa ko ibyuma bisubizwa mu buryo bwinshi?
Gukurikirana buri gihe urujya n'uruza rw'amazi, hamwe n'imikorere ifunganye, bituma buri gice cy'urusenda cyakira ingano ikwiye n'uruvange rw'ibice by'amazi. Gupima mu buryo bw'icyiciro, aho ibice by'amazi byongerwa mu byiciro byinshi byo kuzenguruka aho kubikoresha byose icyarimwe, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibice byinshi kandi bigasubiza ku bikenewe mu miyoboro yose. Urugero, gukusanya ibice by'amazi, nko guhinduranya xanthate na dithiophosphate, bituma amabuye y'agaciro runaka akoreshwa mu buryo buhendutse kandi bikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'imiti yose. Gupima buri gihe ibikoresho byo gupima birinda ubunyangamugayo kandi bigashimangira ko uburyo bwo gupima buguma buhuye n'imiterere y'imikorere. Ubwo buryo bwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibice by'amazi mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro butanga umusaruro uhoraho w'icyuma n'ingamba zifatika zo kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ibice by'amazi, nk'uko byemejwe n'ubushakashatsi bw'abahanga n'inganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-25-2025
