I. Ikoreshwa ry'Ingamba mu Gutunganya Imashini Zitunganya Parafini Zishongeshejwe
1.1 Gukurikirana Viscosity mu Gihe Nyacyo: Ishingiro ry'Igenzura ry'Ibikorwa
Gutunganya ishashi ya parafini bikubiyemo gucunga imiterere y’uruvange rw’ibice by’amazi bya hydrocarbon yuzuye. Ikibazo gikomeye ni ukugenzura ihinduka kuva ku mimerere ishongeshejwe kugera ku mimerere ikomeye, irangwa no gutangira kwa crystallization uko ubushyuhe bw’amazi bugabanuka munsi y’aho buherereye mu gicu. Ubushyuhe bukora nk'ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi, cy’igihe nyacyo cy’iri hinduka kandi ni cyo gipimo cy’imiterere n’uburyo amazi ameze.
Gukurikirana ubushyuhe mu gihe nyacyo hamwe n'uburyoViscometer ya LonnmeterBitanga inyungu zikomeye ugereranije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima hakoreshejwe intoki. Gupima hakoreshejwe intoki bitanga ishusho y'amateka y'igikorwa gusa kandi bigatera gutinda cyane, amakosa ya muntu, n'ingaruka z'umutekano mu gihe cyo gukora ku mazi ashyushye kandi afite umuvuduko. Mu buryo bunyuranye, Lonnmeter viscometer itanga amakuru ahoraho, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo kugenzura bufatika kandi bunoze.
Porogaramu y'ibanze nikumenya aho igisubizo kigarukiraMu buryo bwo gupima cyangwa kuvanga, ubukana bw'uruvange buriyongera uko imiyoboro ya molekile ikura mu burebure no mu buryo bwo guhuza. Mu kugenzura imiterere y'ubukana mu gihe nyacyo, Lonnmeter viscometer ishobora kumenya igihe nyacyo ubukana bw'ikintu kigamije kugerwaho, bigaragaza ko igisubizo kirangiye. Ibi byemeza ko umusaruro uhoraho kuva ku itsinda rimwe kugeza ku rindi kandi ni ingenzi mu gukumira ingaruka zidasanzwe cyangwa gukomera kw'ikintu mu gice cy'ingufu.
Byongeye kandi, Lonnmeter viscometer ifite akamaro kanini mukugenzura imiterere y'amakristali. Imiterere ya parafini ishongeshejwe irakomeye cyane ku bushyuhe. Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rya dogere selisiyusi 1 gusa rishobora guhindura ubushyuhe kugeza kuri 10%. Kugira ngo ibi bikemuke, viscometer ya Lonnmeter ikubiyemo sensor y'ubushyuhe yubatswemo. Iyi miterere ni ingenzi cyane kuko ituma sisitemu yo kugenzura ibona ishusho y'ubushyuhe iterwa n'ubushyuhe. Sisitemu ishobora gutandukanya impinduka mu bushyuhe iterwa no guhinduka k'ubushyuhe n'impinduka nyayo mu miterere ya parafini, nko kuremwa kw'amakristaro y'isuka. Iri tandukaniro ni ingenzi kugira ngo sisitemu yo kugenzura ifate ibyemezo by'ubwenge, nko guhindura umuvuduko w'ubukonje kugira ngo amazi akomeze kuba hejuru gato y'aho aherereye mu gicu nta gutera gukomera no gupfundika ku nkuta z'imiyoboro.
1.2 Gukurikirana Ubucucike bw'Imiyoboro y'Inyongera: Impamvu "Binary Liquid"
Nubwo densimetero ya LONNMETER600-4 ifite ubushobozi mu buryo bwa tekiniki bwo gupima ubucucike bw'amazi ayo ari yo yose, ikoreshwa ryayo mu gukora ishashi ya parafini ishongeshejwe ni ingenzi cyane kandi ifite ishingiro mu buryo bwihariye bwo gufasha. Urufunguzo rw'iyi gahunda ni ikoreshwa ryayo mu bihe aho ubucucike butanga igipimo kitaziguye kandi kidasobanutse cy'uburyo bumwe bw'ingenzi.
Uburemere buke bwa densimetero bwa 2000 cP bivuze ko atari igikoresho gikwiye gukoreshwa mu gutunganya parafini nini, ariko iyi mbogamizi niyo ituma iba nziza ku zindi nzira zitarimo uburemere bwinshi.
Imwe muri izo porogaramu nikugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho fatizoMbere y'uko ibiryo bya parafini byinjira muri reactor nkuru, LONNMETER600-4 ishobora gukoreshwa mu kugenzura ubucucike bwayo. Gutandukana n'ubucucike bw'ibikoresho fatizo byitezwe byagaragaza ko hari umwanda cyangwa ibintu bidahuye mu biryo, bigatuma abahanga mu by'imikorere bashobora gufata ingamba zo gukosora mbere y'uko itsinda ribi ritunganywa.
Uburyo bwa kabiri kandi bufite akamaro kanini buri muriimvange y'inyongera. Ikoreshwa rya parafini rikunze gusaba gutera imiti ikoreshwa mu gukurura ibintu, nk'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibinure (PPD) n'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibinure, kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bihinduka kristali kandi binoze imiterere y'amazi. Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu gukurura ibinure akenshi itangwa mu cyuma gishongesha amazi, bigatuma habaho sisitemu yoroheje kandi isobanutse neza y'amazi abiri. Muri iki gihe cyihariye, ubucucike bw'uruvange bungana neza n'ubwinshi bw'inyongera.LONNMETERigipimo cy'ubucucike bw'umurongoUbuhanga buhanitse bwa ±0.003 g/cm³ butuma habaho igenzura ryimbitse kandi mu buryo bufatika ry’ubu bunini bw’ibi bicuruzwa. Ibi bituma sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora ishobora kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwizewe cyane, ikerekana ko ibicuruzwa bya nyuma bifite imiterere nyayo ya shimi ikenewe nta gupfusha ubusa ibikoresho bihenze. Iyi porogaramu igamije kwerekana ko isobanukiwe neza imbaraga z’ikoranabuhanga n’uruhare rwaryo nk'igikoresho cy’ingenzi cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge mu buryo bugoye bw’umusaruro.
Gutegura Emulsions za Paraffin Wax
IIAmahame shingiro yo gupima amazi ahindagurika
2.1 Fiziki yaLonnmeterViskometrie ihindagurika
Lonnmeter LONN-ND online viscometer ikora ku ihame rya viscometry ihindagurika, uburyo bukomeye kandi bwizewe bwo gusesengura amazi mu gihe nyacyo. Ishingiro ry'iri koranabuhanga rikubiyemo ikintu gikomeye, gifite ishusho nk'iy'inkoni gikozwe kugira ngo gihindukire ku murongo ku buryo buhoraho. Iyo iki kintu cyinjijwe mu mazi, ingendo yacyo ikora imbaraga zo gukata ku gice gikikije. Iki gikorwa cyo gukata gitera imbaraga zihindagurika, zigakuraho ingufu zituruka ku kintu gihindagurika. Ubunini bw'iyi ngufu bujyanye neza n'ubucucike bw'amazi n'ubucucike bwayo.
Sisitemu ya Lonnmeter ifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rikurikirana ingufu zitakaza amazi. Kugira ngo ikomeze kuba nziza mu buryo buhoraho, sisitemu igomba kwishyura iyi ngufu itanga ingufu zingana. Ingufu zisabwa kugira ngo iyi ngufu ikomeze kuba nziza zipimwa na microprocessor, hanyuma igahindura ikimenyetso cya mbere mu buryo bwa viscosity. Isano yoroshye muri bookbook nka μ=λδ, aho μ ari viscosity y'amazi, λ ni coefficient y'igikoresho kitagira ingano ikomoka ku gupima, naho δ ikaba ari coefficient yo kubora mu gupima. Iyi formula, ariko, ihagarariye moderi yoroshye. Ubushobozi nyakuri bw'igikoresho n'ukuri kwacyo, byavuzwe kuri ± 2% kugeza ± 5%, bikomoka kuri algorithms yacyo yo gutunganya ibimenyetso imbere hamwe n'umurongo ugoye wo gupima utari umurongo. Iyi coefficient igezweho ituma igikoresho gitanga ibipimo nyabyo ndetse no ku mazi atari Newtonian, agaragaza impinduka mu buryo bwa viscosity hashingiwe ku gipimo cyo gukata. Uburyo bworoshye bw'igishushanyo mbonera—kidafite ibice bigenda, imitako cyangwa ibyuma bifunga—butuma gikwiriye cyane ahantu hakorerwa inganda harangwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, ndetse n'ubushobozi bw'amazi bwo gukomera cyangwa kubika imyanda.
1.2 Ihame ry’Uburyo bwo Gupima Ubunini bw’Ingano y’Umuvuduko w’Ingano:LONNMETER600-4
Densimeteri ya LONNMETER ikoresha ihame rya "vibrating tuning fork" kugira ngo imenye ubucucike bw'amazi. Iki gikoresho kigizwe n'igice cy'iforoki gifite impande ebyiri gishyirwa mu buryo bw'ingufu na crystal ya piezoelectric. Iyo "tuning fork" inyeganyega mu mwuka cyangwa mu cyuma gishyuha, ibikora ku buryo isanzwe inyeganyega. Ariko, iyo yinjijwe mu mazi, igikoresho gikikije cyerekana uburemere bw'inyongera muri sisitemu. Iki kintu, kizwi nka "added mass", gitera kugabanuka k'ubucucike bw'amazi akikije iforoki. Impinduka mu bucucike ni imikorere itaziguye y'ubucucike bw'amazi akikije iforoki.
Sisitemu ya Lonnmeter ipima neza iyi frequency shift, hanyuma ihuzwa n'ubucucike bw'amazi binyuze mu buryo bugenzurwa. Ubushobozi bwa sensor bwo gupima neza cyane, bufite ubuziranenge bwa ± 0.003 g / cm³, ni umusaruro utaziguye w'iyi resonant frequency detection. Nubwo ihame ry'umubiri ryo gupima ingano y'amashanyarazi rituma habaho uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, harimo no gupima ubucucike bw'amazi n'imyuka, ikibazo cy'umukoresha kigaragaza uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha sisitemu "y'amazi abiri gusa". Uku kunyuranya kugaragara hagati y'ubushobozi bw'ikoranabuhanga n'uburyo rikoreshwa ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitabwaho. Urwego rwo gupima ingano y'amashanyarazi ntirugarukira ku mazi abiri gusa. Ahubwo, akamaro karwo mu buryo bugoye, bufite ibice byinshi nk'umusaruro wa parafini ushongeshejwe kanozwa iyo agaciro k'ubucucike bumwe gashobora guhuzwa neza n'uburyo bumwe, bw'ingenzi. Ibi bikunze kubaho muri sisitemu yoroshye y'ubucucike aho ubucucike bukorera nk'aho ari proxy yo gupima. Ku mvange y’amazi ya hydrocarbon ivanze nka parafini ishongeshejwe, isuzuma ry’ubucucike rimwe rigira akamaro gake, bigatuma Lonnmeter LONN-ND viscometer iba igikoresho gikwiriye cyane mu miyoboro y’amazi y’ingenzi. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, densimetero ibona agaciro kayo kanini kandi gakwiye mu miyoboro y’amazi y’inyongera kandi idagoye cyane.
1.3 Ibisobanuro by'ibikoresho n'ibipimo by'imikorere: Isesengura ry'igereranya
Igereranya ryimbitse rya Lonnmeter LONN-ND viscometer na LONN600-4 densimeter rigaragaza imikorere yabyo itandukanye kandi rigashimangira uruhare rwabyo mu gutunganya ibintu bigoye. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira ikubiyemo ibisobanuro by'ingenzi bya tekiniki, ishingiye ku nyandiko zatanzwe.
| Igipimo | Viscometer LONN-ND | Ubunini bwa LONN600-4 |
| Ihame ryo gupima | Inkoni Ihindagurika (Itera Gutemba Bitewe n'Ubwoya) | Gutunganya Iforogo (Tuning Fork Resonance) |
| Ingano yo gupima | 1-1,000,000 cP | 0-2 g/cm³ |
| Uburinganire | ± 2% kugeza ± 5% | ± 0.003 g/cm³ |
| Ubucucike ntarengwa | Ntacyo (Ikora ku buryo bukabije bworoshye) | <2000 cP |
| Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere | 0-120°C (Isanzwe) / 130-350°C (Ubushyuhe bwinshi) | -10-120°C |
| Igitutu cy'imikorere | <4.0 MPa | <1.0 MPa |
| Ibikoresho bitose | 316, Teflon, Hastelloy | 316, Teflon, Hastelloy |
| Ikimenyetso cy'ibisohoka | 4-20mADC, RS485 Modbus RTU | 4-20mADC |
| Igipimo cy’uko ibisasu bitangirika | Ex dIIBT6 | Ex dIIBT6 |
Amakuru ari hejuru agaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye rya tekiniki rigena ikoreshwa rya buri gikoresho mu buryo bw’ingamba. Ubushobozi bwa viscometer ya LONN-ND bwo gukora ku bushyuhe bwinshi no guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane butuma iba amahitamo nyayo ku murongo mukuru w’ubushyuhe bwa parafini bushongeshejwe. Ibi bisobanuro bya tekiniki bishimangira icyemezo cy’ingamba cyo gushyira densimeter gusa mu miyoboro y’inyongera kandi ifite ubushyuhe buke.
III. Guhuza neza na sisitemu zo kugenzura inganda
3.1 Imiyoboro y'amakuru ya Lonnmeter: 4-20mA na RS485 Modbus
Guhuza neza ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter muri sisitemu zigezweho zo kugenzura inganda ni intambwe ikomeye mu ngamba nziza zo gukora ikoranabuhanga. LONN zombi ni zo zombi.IMETERI-ND viscometer na LONNIMETERIDensimetero ya 600-4 itanga uburyo bubiri bw'ibanze bwo gutumanaho amakuru: uburyo busanzwe bwo gusohora analoge bwa 4-20mADC na protocole ya RS485 ya digitale Modbus RTU iteye imbere cyane.
Ikimenyetso cya 4-20mADC ni igipimo gikomeye kandi cyumvikana neza mu nganda. Ni cyiza cyane mu guhuza imashini igenzura PID cyangwa module ya analog ya PLC. Imbogamizi yacyo y'ibanze ni uko gishobora kohereza agaciro kamwe gusa, nko kuba ubucucike cyangwa ubucucike, icyarimwe. Ubu buryo bworoshye ni ingirakamaro ku miyoboro yoroshye yo kugenzura ariko bugabanya ubwinshi bw'amakuru.
Interineti ya RS485 Modbus RTU itanga igisubizo cyuzuye kurushaho. Amasomo ya Lonnmeter agaragaza protocole ya Modbus. Iyi protocole ya digitale yemerera igikoresho kimwe gutanga amakuru menshi icyarimwe, nko gupima ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi, bivuye mu gikoresho kimwe.
3.2 Uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza DCS, SCADA, na MES
Gushyira ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa (DCS), kugenzura no kubona amakuru (SCADA), cyangwa sisitemu yo gutunganya ibintu (MES) bisaba uburyo bufite imiterere myinshi kandi buteye imbere.
Icyiciro cy'ibikoresho:Uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu bugomba kuba bukomeye kandi bufite umutekano. Amasomo ya Lonnmeter atanga inama yo gukoresha insinga zikingira no kugenzura neza ko imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa neza kugira ngo igabanye ikibazo cy'amajwi, cyane cyane mu duce twegereye moteri zifite ingufu nyinshi cyangwa ibyuma bihindura imikorere y'amashanyarazi.
Icyiciro cya Logike:Muri PLC cyangwa DCS, amakuru ya sensor agomba gushyirwa ku murongo kugira ngo akoreshwe mu gutunganya ibintu bitandukanye. Ku kimenyetso cya 4-20mA, ibi bisaba kwagura uburyo bwa analog bwinjira mu byuma by’ubuhanga bikwiye. Kuri Modbus, bisaba gushyiraho module ya PLC yo gutumanaho kugira ngo yohereze kode z’imikorere zikwiye kuri aderesi zanditseho, igarure amakuru yatanzwe, hanyuma ikayahindura mu buryo bukwiye bwo kuzenguruka. Uru rwego rushinzwe kwemeza amakuru, kubona amakuru yavuye hanze, na logique y’ibanze yo kugenzura.
Icyiciro cyo Gukoresha Ishusho:Sisitemu ya SCADA cyangwa MES ikora nk'urubuga rw'abantu n'imashini (HMI), iha abakoresha ubumenyi bushoboka. Ibi bikubiyemo gukora ecran zigaragaza amakuru y'imashini mu gihe nyacyo, amakuru y'amateka agezweho, no gushyiraho uburyo bwo kumenyesha amakuru ku bipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere. Amakuru y'igihe nyacyo aturuka ku bikoresho bya Lonnmeter ahindura uko umukoresha abona ibintu kuva ku buryo bufatika, amateka, akagera ku buryo bufatika, bigatuma bafata ibyemezo birambuye kandi bagasubiza ibibazo by'imikorere mu buryo bwihuse.
Ikibazo cy'ingenzi mu guhuza ibikorwa niurusaku rw'amashanyarazi, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku busugire bw'ibimenyetso. Igitabo cya Lonnmeter kiraburira ku buryo bweruye kuri ibi kandi gitanga inama yo gukoresha insinga zikingira. Indi mbogamizi ni iyi:
gutinda k'amakurumu miyoboro igoye ya Modbus. Nubwo igihe cyo gusubiza cya Lonnmeter cyihuta, urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru rushobora gutera gutinda. Gushyira imbere amakuru y'ingenzi kuri interineti bishobora kugabanya iki kibazo no kwemeza ko imirongo igenzura ikoresha igihe yakira amakuru vuba.
3.3 Ubuziranenge bw'amakuru n'uburyo aboneka mu gihe nyacyo
Agaciro k'ikoranabuhanga rya Lonnmeter ryo kugenzura kuri interineti gafitanye isano n'ubunyangamugayo n'uburyo amakuru aboneka. Ingero gakondo zitangwa n'intoki zitanga gusa urukurikirane rw'amakuru ahindagurika kandi y'amateka y'uko ibintu bimeze. Iki gihe gisigaye gituma bidashoboka kugenzura inzira ihinduka mu buryo bunonosoye kandi akenshi bigatera ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, ingaruka zabyo zitaragera, ndetse n'imikorere idakora neza.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, ubushobozi bwa Lonnmeter viscometer bwo gutanga amakuru ahoraho kandi ahoraho mu gihe nyacyo buhindura uburyo bwo kugenzura kuva kuri reactive kugeza kuri proactive. Igihe cyo gusubiza cyihuse cy'igikoresho gituma gifata impinduka zihindagurika mu miterere y'amazi uko bibaho. Iyi "filime" ihoraho y'imiterere y'ibikorwa, aho kuba urukurikirane rw' "amafoto" atajyanye, ni cyo kintu cy'ibanze gisabwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo kugenzura zihanitse. Hatabayeho aya makuru yo kugenzura akurikije ubushishozi bwinshi, ibitekerezo nko kugenzura ibintu mbere y'igihe cyangwa PID autotuning ntibyashoboka mu buryo bwa tekiniki. Bityo, sisitemu ya Lonnmeter ntikora nk'igikoresho cyo gupima gusa ahubwo ikora nk'umutanga amakuru w'ingenzi uzamura inzira yose yo gukora ku rwego rushya rwo kwikora no kugenzura.
IV. Gukoresha amakuru y'igihe nyacyo mu kugenzura imikorere mu buryo buhanitse
4.1 Gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura PID hakoreshejwe amakuru nyayo
Gushyira mu bikorwa amakuru ya Lonnmeter y’ubucucike n’ubucucike mu gihe nyacyo bishobora kunoza cyane uburyo bwo kugenzura busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kugenzura ibintu (PID). Ibikoresho bigenzura ibintu (PID controllers) ni ingenzi mu buryo bwikora mu nganda, bikora binyuze mu kubara agaciro k’ikosa nk’itandukaniro riri hagati y’aho umuntu aherereye n’uburyo bupimwa. Hanyuma, umugenzuzi akoresha uburyo bwo gukosora bushingiye ku magambo ajyanye n’ubucucike, ubucucike, n’ubukomokaho kugira ngo agabanye iri kosa.
Kubera ko ubushyuhe bw'amazi mu gihe nyacyo ari bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo gusubiza, PID loop ishobora kugenzura neza umuvuduko wo gukonjesha mu nzira ya parafini ishongeshejwe. Uko amazi atangira gukonja kandi ubushyuhe bwayo bukiyongera, umugenzuzi ashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amazi akonje kugira ngo agumane ubushyuhe ku gihe cyagenwe, bityo akarinda ko imiyoboro ikomeza gushonga no gukomera mu buryo butari bwo.7Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu buryo bw'ubufasha bwo kuvanga, umurongo wa PID ushobora gukoresha amakuru y'ubucucike bw'ibintu mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo ugenzure umuvuduko w'umuvuduko w'ibintu bivangwa, bigatuma habaho ubwinshi buhamye kandi buhoraho.
Porogaramu igezweho ikubiyemoGutunganya PID mu buryo bwikora. Uburyo bwo gukoresha amakuru buhoraho bwa Lonnmeter butuma umugenzuzi ashobora kwisuzuma, cyangwa ikizamini cy’intambwe, kuri iyo nzira. Mu gukora impinduka nto, igenzurwa ku musaruro (urugero, amazi akonje) no gusesengura uko inzira igenda (urugero, impinduka mu buryo bworoshye n’igihe gito), PID autotuner ishobora kubara mu buryo bwikora inyungu nziza za P, I, na D kuri iyo gahunda yihariye. Ubu bushobozi bukuraho gukenera gukosora no kugenzura intoki, bifata igihe kinini, bigatuma umurongo wo kugenzura urushaho gukomera no gusubiza ibibazo bya gahunda.
4.2 Igenzura ry’igihe giteganyijwe n’iry’ihindagurika kugira ngo ibikorwa bikomeze guhagarara neza
Uretse kugenzura PID mu buryo butaziguye, amakuru yerekeye ubucucike bw'ibintu mu gihe nyacyo n'ubucucike ashobora gukoreshwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zihambaye zo kugenzura, nko kugenzura uburyo ibintu bihinduka no guhanura.
Igenzura rijyanye n'imimerereni uburyo bwo kugenzura buhindura imiterere y’ibipimo by’umugenzuzi (urugero, inyungu za PID) mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo buhuze impinduka mu mikorere y’imikorere. Mu buryo bwa parafini ishongeshejwe, imiterere y’amazi mu maraso ihinduka cyane bitewe n’ubushyuhe, imiterere, n’umuvuduko wo gukata. Umugenzuzi uhuza ibintu, utangwa n’amakuru ahoraho ya Lonnmeter, ashobora kumenya izi mpinduka no guhindura ubwiyongere bwazo mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo akomeze kugenzura neza mu itsinda ryose, kuva ku bushyuhe bwa mbere, ubushyuhe buke kugeza ku gicuruzwa cya nyuma gikonje kandi gifite ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura igihe ibintu bizabera (MPC)Igaragaza impinduka kuva ku kugenzura ibintu bihinduka kugeza ku kugenzura ibintu bitunguranye. Sisitemu ya MPC ikoresha icyitegererezo cya mibare cy’iyi gahunda kugira ngo ihanure imyitwarire y’iyi sisitemu mu gihe kizaza ku "buryo bw’iteganyagihe". Ikoresheje amakuru y’igihe nyacyo aturuka kuri viscometer na densimeter ya Lonnmeter (ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe, n’ubucucike), MPC ishobora guhanura ingaruka z’ibikorwa bitandukanye byo kugenzura. Urugero, ishobora guhanura gutangira kwa crystallization ishingiye ku gipimo cyo gukonjesha n’icyerekezo cy’ubushyuhe. Hanyuma, umugenzuzi ashobora kunoza ibintu byinshi, nko gutemba kw’amazi akonjesha, ubushyuhe bw’ikoti, n’umuvuduko wo gutera imbaraga, kugira ngo agumane umurongo ukwiye wo gukonjesha, bityo akabuza gukomera k’umusaruro cyangwa kwemeza imiterere yihariye ya crystalline mu musaruro wa nyuma. Ibi bituma uburyo bwo kugenzura buva ku gusubiza ibibazo bitunguranye bujya ku kubitegereza no kubicunga.
4.3 Gutunganya amakuru hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "Data-Drive"
Agaciro k'amakuru ya Lonnmeter mu gihe nyacyo karenze kure ikoreshwa ryayo ako kanya mu miyoboro yo kugenzura. Aya makuru meza kandi ahoraho ashobora gukusanywa no gusesengurwa mu mateka kugira ngo habeho gusobanukirwa byimbitse imiterere y'imikorere no gufungura amahirwe yo kunoza amakuru ashingiye ku makuru.
Amakuru yakusanyijwe ashobora gukoreshwa mu guhuguramoderi zo kwigira imashiniku mpamvu zo guhanura. Icyitegererezo gishobora gutozwa ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe n'amakuru y'ubushyuhe bya kera kugira ngo hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwa nyuma bw'itsinda, bigabanye kwishingikiriza ku igenzura ry'ubuziranenge rihenze kandi ritwara igihe kinini nyuma yo gukora. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, icyitegererezo cyo kubungabunga ubuziranenge gishobora kubakwa hahuzwa imiterere y'amakuru y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'imikorere y'ibikoresho. Urugero, kwiyongera buhoro buhoro ariko guhoraho k'ubushyuhe mu gihe runaka muri icyo gikorwa bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'uko pompe iri hafi kwangirika, bigatuma habaho kubungabunga mbere yuko habaho kuzimya guhenze.
Byongeye kandi, isesengura rishingiye ku makuru rishobora gutuma habaho iterambere rikomeye mu mikorere myiza no gukoresha ibikoresho. Mu gusesengura amakuru aturuka mu byiciro byinshi, abahanga mu by'imikorere bashobora kumenya isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'igenzura n'imiterere y'umusaruro wa nyuma. Ibi bibafasha kunoza imiterere y'ibipimo no kunoza ingano y'inyongera, kugabanya imyanda n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu mu gihe bireba ko umusaruro uhoraho.
V. Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiramo, gukosora no kubungabunga igihe kirekire
5.1 Uburyo buhamye bwo gushyiraho ibikoresho mu bidukikije bigoye
Gushyiraho neza ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo habeho gupima neza kandi kwizerwa mu bipimo bigoye kandi by’ubushyuhe bwa parafini bushongeshejwe. Uburyo amazi akunda gukomera no gufata ku buso buri munsi y’aho aherereye bisaba uburyo bwitondewe.
Igitekerezo cy'ingenzi kuri viscometer ya LONN-ND ni ukureba ko ikintu gikora cyo kumenya gikomeza kuba cyuzuye mu mazi ashongeshejwe igihe cyose. Ku byuma bitanga ingufu n'imiyoboro minini, uburyo bwa probe ya Lonnmeter, kuva kuri mm 550 kugeza 2000, bwagenewe by'umwihariko kuzuza iki gisabwa, bigatuma umutwe wa sensor ushyirwa mu mazi menshi, kure y'ingano y'amazi ihindagurika. Aho ishyirwa hagomba kuba ahantu hari amazi atembera neza, hirindwa ahantu hadahagaze cyangwa ahantu hashobora gukubitwa n'udupira tw'umwuka, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma habaho imiterere idahwitse. Ku bijyanye no gushyiraho imiyoboro, ni byiza gushyiraho imiyoboro itambitse cyangwa ihagaze, aho probe ya sensor ishyirwa kugira ngo ipime amazi atembera mu gice cy'ingenzi aho kuba amazi atembera buhoro ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro.
Ku bikoresho byombi, gukoresha uburyo bwo gushyiraho flange busabwa (DN50 cyangwa DN80) bitanga umuyoboro utekanye kandi udashyuha ku mato n'imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gutunganya amashanyarazi.
5.2 Uburyo bwo Gupima neza Ibipimo bya Viscometer na Densitometer
Nubwo imiterere yabyo ikomeye, ubunyangamugayo bw'ibikoresho byombi bushingiye ku gupima buri gihe no ku buryo bunoze.
ItsindaviscometerUburyo bwo gupima, nk'uko byasobanuwe mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza, busaba gukoresha amavuta ya silikoni asanzwe nk'amazi y'icyitegererezo. Inzira ni iyi ikurikira:
Imyiteguro:Hitamo igipimo cyemewe cy’ubushyuhe bw’amazi gihwanye n’urugero rw’ubushyuhe bw’amazi buteganijwe.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe:Menya neza ko amazi asanzwe n'icyuma gipima ubushyuhe biri ku bushyuhe buhamye kandi bugenzurwa neza. Ubushyuhe ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gutuma ubushyuhe bugera ku rugero rumwe, bityo uburinganire bw'ubushyuhe ni ingenzi.
Gutuza:Reka igisomwa cy'igikoresho gihore gihamye mu gihe runaka, urebe neza ko kidahinduka cyane mbere yo gukomeza.
Igenzura:Gereranya igipimo cy'igikoresho n'agaciro kemejwe k'amazi asanzwe hanyuma uhindure imiterere y'uburyo bwo gupima uko bikenewe.
Ku bw'ubunini bw'ibipimo, iyi nyandiko itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima ibintu hakoreshejwe amazi meza. Nubwo iyi ari igenzura ryoroshye aho ukorera, ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha neza cyane, gupima ibintu byinshi hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byemewe bifite ubucucike bungana n'urugero rw'imikorere ruteganijwe ni uburyo bukomeye kurushaho.
Mu bidukikije bya parafini ishongeshejwe, ishinge ry’ishinge ku buso bwa sensor rishobora kongera uburemere no guhindura imiterere y’ihindagurika ry’ishinge, bigatuma habaho guhindagurika buhoro buhoro mu gupima neza. Ibi bisaba igenzura rya buri gihe kuruta mu bidukikije bidahumanya kugira ngo hamenyekane ko amakuru ari meza igihe kirekire.
5.3 Gukumira no Gukemura Ibibazo byo Kuramba
Igishushanyo cya Lonnmeter, kidafite ibice bigenda, ibifunga, cyangwa ibyuma bifunga, bigabanya ubuziranenge bw'imashini. Ariko, imbogamizi zidasanzwe ziterwa n'ishashara rya parafini rishongeshejwe zisaba ingamba zihariye zo kubungabunga.
Igenzura n'isuku bisanzwe:Igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyo kubungabunga ni ugusuzuma no gusukura buri gihe icyuma gipima parafini kugira ngo gikureho ishashi ya parafini yakusanyije. Kwiyongera kw'ishashi bishobora kubangamira cyane imitingito ya sensor, bigatuma inyigo zidasobanutse neza cyangwa sensiti inanirwa gukora. Hakwiye gutegurwa kandi hagakurikizwa uburyo bwo gusukura kugira ngo ubuso bw'icyuma gipima butarimo ibisigazwa.
Gukemura ibibazo:Ibitabo bitanga ubuyobozi ku bibazo bisanzwe. Iyo igikoresho kidafite ecran cyangwa output, intambwe z'ingenzi zo gukemura ibibazo ni ukureba amashanyarazi, insinga, ndetse n'imiyoboro migufi. Iyo isesengura ry'ibisohoka ritameze neza cyangwa ritameze neza, impamvu zishobora kubaho zirimo kwibumbira mu cyuma gipima, kuba hari utubumbe twinshi tw'umwuka mu mazi, cyangwa guhindagurika kw'inyuma bigira ingaruka kuri sensor. Inyandiko y'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga yanditse neza, harimo igenzura ryose, ibikorwa byo gusukura, n'inyandiko zo gupima, ni ingenzi mu gukurikirana imikorere y'igikoresho no kugenzura ko cyujuje ibisabwa. Mu gufata ingamba zo kubungabunga no gukemura ibibazo byihariye by'ibicuruzwa bicukuwe, ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter bishobora gutanga amakuru yizewe kandi nyayo mu myaka myinshi ikora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Nzeri 2025
