Kugenzura ukwiyongera kwa etileni mu gukora rubber

Rubber y’ubukorikori ni elastomer yakozwe n’abantu ikorwa n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Ikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa nko mu mapine, inzugi n’amadirishya. Gukuramo monomer mbisi bisaba gutunganya ibi bice by’amavuta—binyuze mu nzira nko gucika no gusya naphtha—kugira ngo isukure monomer zigenewe, kuko imyanda yangiza uburyo bwo gukora polymerization. Monomer zisukuye zivamo ubusanzwe zigira ubuziranenge bwa 99.5% cyangwa birenga, bigashyiraho urufatiro rwo gukora rubber.

Intambwe y'ingenzi mu gukora ni polymerization: monomer zisukuye zivanze n'ibikoresho bitangira hanyuma bigashyirwa mu mazi cyangwa bigashonga mu bintu bishongesha mu binyabutabire. Ubu buryo buhindura molekile nto za monomer mo iminyururu miremire ya polymer, bigatanga rubber idafite ifu ifite ingano ya hydrocarbon ya rubber ya 80-90%. Intambwe y'ingenzi ikurikiraho ni vulcanization, aho sulfur cyangwa peroxide byongerwamo hanyuma bigashyuha kugira ngo bibe ihuriro hagati y'iminyururu ya polymer - rubber idafite ifu iraryoshye cyane kandi ifata ku buryo idashobora kugira akamaro. Rubber idafite ifu ibanza ifite ifu ya polymer ya 95-98%, ariko kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza, hakenewe isuku y'inyongera.

Ingorane mu gupima uburemere bwa ethylene

Mu gukora rubber, cyane cyane kuri ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) cyangwa ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR / EPM), gupima neza ubunini bwa ethylene ni ingenzi mu kugenzura imikorere ya polymerization, kwemeza imiterere ya polymer ihoraho no kugabanya imyanda.

Incamake y'Inzira yo Gutunganya Rubber

Gutunganya rubber kuri EPDM/EPR bikunze kuba bikubiyemo:

Gutanga ibiribwa: Ethylene na propylene (na diene kuri EPDM) bishyirwa mu cyuma gitanga umwuka, akenshi bigashonga mu cyuma gishongesha umwuka cyangwa bikabungabungwa mu gihe cya gaze/amazi.

Imashini ikora polimeri: CSTR cyangwa icyuma gihindura imiterere aho monomer zigira uruhare mu gukora catalysts kuri 30-90°C na 10-30 bar, zigakora iminyururu ya polymer.

Kugarura ibintu bishongesha/Monomer: Monomer zitarafatwa zirakurwaho, zigasubirwamo, cyangwa zigakurwaho, akenshi binyuze mu gusenya cyangwa gusohora imyanda.

Kurangiza: Polymer iratandukanywa, yozwa, kandi igakurwamo, hagenzurwa ubwiza bw'ibice n'ubucucike bwa Mooney.

Ethylene ikora nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukora rubber, kikaba ari igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu nganda za peteroli. Ingano y'iyi monomer mu gice cy'ingufu zikora igena mu buryo butaziguye uburyo polymerization ikorwa, bityo, imiterere y'umubiri n'iya shimi ya polymer ya nyuma, nk'uburemere bwa molekile n'ubushyuhe bwo gushonga. Iyo ingano ya ethylene idagenzuwe neza, polymer ivamo ishobora kugaragaza polydispersity idagenzurwa, bigatuma uburemere bwa molekile bukwirakwira cyane kandi ubwiza bw'umusaruro buhindagurika. Urugero, hari isano iri hagati y'ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko wa ethylene n'ingano ya ethylene muri copolymers zakozwe, ibyo bigatuma ubushyuhe bwazo bushonga.

Uku guhindagurika k'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kandi bufatika ku bijyanye n'imari. Kugira ngo buri tsinda ry'ibicuruzwa rikoreshwe ribe ryujuje ibisabwa by'ubuziranenge, ababikora bakunze gukoresha uburyo buzwi nka "gutanga ubuziranenge". Ibi bikubiyemo gukora nkana ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere myiza irenze ibisabwa, mu buryo bukabije kugira ngo bibe bisimbura guhindagurika kw'ibipimo n'igenzura. Ubu buryo, nubwo bwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byakirwa, butuma biyongera ku ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nyinshi, n'igihe kirekire cyo gukora, byose bikaba bigira ingaruka ku ikiguzi kinini cy'imikorere no kugabanuka kw'inyungu. Ishingiro ry'iki kibazo si inenge mu mikorere y'ibinyabutabire ubwayo, ahubwo ni ibura mu gupima no kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo, biganisha ku buryo bwo gukora bukora neza aho kuba ubw'ibanze.

Vugana n'impuguke yacu kugira ngo isuzume ibisabwa mu mikorere yawe.

Reba impuguke

Uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwa Lonnmeter buhoraho

Isesengura risanzwe rikorerwa muri laboratwari ritari kuri interineti ntirikwiriye ibisabwa bihoraho kandi bihoraho by’umuyoboro ugezweho w’ikorwa. Akenshi ritera gutinda gusesengura no gupima abakozi benshi. Mu yandi magambo, amakuru abakora babona ni ishusho y’ibikorwa byakozwe mu minota cyangwa amasaha. Ibura ry’amakuru ritera ihindagurika ry’ubuziranenge nyuma y’uko byamaze kubaho ndetse n’igihe umubare wose wangiritse, bigatera gusesagura no kongera gukora.

Lonnmeter yakoze ikoranabuhangaurugero rw'ibipimo bya ethylenegupima neza uburemere bw'ibipimo mu gihe nyacyo mu buryo buhoraho bwa shimi. Ikora neza no mu bidukikije bihinduka vuba; Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe cya ethylene kuri interineti ni igikoresho cyo mu rwego rw'inganda cyagenewe gukemura ibisabwa mu gupima neza imikorere ya shimi. Gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kumenya -- isoko y'ibimenyetso by'amajwi kugira ngo gitere imbaraga icyuma gihindura imiterere y'icyuma, bigatuma icyuma gihindura imiterere y'icyuma gihindura imiterere y'ibintu, bigatuma icyuma gihindura imiterere y'ibintu kigenda gihindagurika ku buryo busanzwe. Ikigaragara ni uko ubu bushyuhe bw'ibipimo bwerekana isano itaziguye n'ubucucike bw'amazi icyuma gihindura imiterere y'ibintu. Nyuma y'ibyo, ubucucike bw'amazi bushobora kumenyekana binyuze mu gusesengura ubushyuhe - hamwe no gupima ubushyuhe bushyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo harwanywe ubushyuhe buhindagurika muri sisitemu, hakemezwa ko ibipimo ari ukuri.

Igipimo cy'ubwinshi bwa ethylene

Gupima ubucucike buhoraho mu miyoboro cyangwa mu bigega

Imiterere y'iforoko yo gukosora

Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho mu buryo bwo gukora "Rubber Synthesis"

Umurongo wo gutanga amakuru wa Monomer: Shyira sensor mu muyoboro wa ethylene feed post-compressor kugira ngo urebe ko isuku ihagije kandi uhindure ingano.
Injira rya ReactorShyiramo hexane/propylene aho ivangavanga na monomer kugira ngo ugenzure ethylene ishongeshejwe.
Muri Reactor: Ishyirwa imbere muri CSTR hafi y'aho hakorerwa igenzura rya polimeri mu buryo bwihuse.
Umurongo wo kongera gukoresha: Shyira aho usohora imyanda ya flash kugira ngo wongere uburyo bwo gusubiza ethylene mu buryo butari bwarakozwe.
Umurongo w'ingufu: Shyira mu murongo wo gusukura/kuvoma kugira ngo ukurikirane imyuka ihumanya kandi urebe neza ko hari umutekano.