Igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'amata mu gutunganya amata hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga
Inganda zikora amata muri iki gihe zirimo kunyura mu buryo bugoye buterwa no kwiyongera kw'ibyo abaguzi bakenera ku buziranenge, amahame akaze agenga amata, hamwe n'igitutu gikomeye cyo kunoza imikorere.igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'amataIkemura mu buryo butaziguye ibibazo bikomeye by’imikorere, mu gihe icyarimwe ikora nk'intambwe ya mbere y’ingenzi igana ku buryo bwuzuye bwo gukora ibintu bushingiye ku makuru.
Gupima mu buryo bwikora bitanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa ntagereranywa, bigatuma imiterere y’ibicuruzwa, nk’ibinure n’ibintu bikomeye bitari ibinure, igumana ubuziranenge budasanzwe, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe n’imiterere y’amata mashya.
Ni ngombwaIgipimo cy'ubucucike mu gihe nyacyo
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ryikora ku buryo bwikora ritanga igisubizo kirambuye kandi cyuzuye ku bibazo by'ingenzi byavuzwe mu gice gishize. Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gupima ubucucike mu buryo bwihuse, bukora mu buryo bufatikaigipimo cy'ubucucike bw'amataku kigo cyakira amata gitanga ubunini buhoraho budashobora kugaragaraho amakosa aterwa n'umwuka n'ifuro. Mu gukuraho gukenera iminzani y'amakamyo itwara igihe kinini, bitanga inyandiko nyayo kandi igenzurwa y'amata yakiriwe mu gihe kimwe binongera umusaruro n'imikorere myiza.
Agaciro ko gupima buri gihe karenze icyiciro cya mbere cyo kwakira. Mu gukurikirana buri gihe ubucucike, sisitemu zikora ku buryo bwikora zishobora kugenzura neza ibinure mu gihe cyo gupima no kuvanga, zigatuma ibicuruzwa bihora bikurikije amabwiriza. Ubu buryo bwo gukora bukuraho ibihe bihenze byo gutanga no kuvugurura ibicuruzwa, burinda inyungu n'izina ry'uruganda ku bwiza.igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'ibiribwa, ifite ubushobozi bwo gupima ubushyuhe, ifite umwanya wihariye wo gukemura ikibazo cy’ihindagurika ry’ibihe n’imiterere y’amata. Itanga igipimo cyihuse kandi gikwiye hatitawe ku miterere y’amata cyangwa ihindagurika ry’imiterere y’amata, bigatuma habaho umusaruro umwe mu mwaka wose.
Urugero rw'imikorere: Kunoza umusaruro uva mu bicuruzwa no kugabanya imyanda
Gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gupima ubucucike bw’ibikoresho byikora n’ibindi bikoresho bigezweho bihindura cyane imikorere y’uruganda rw’amata. Binyuze mu gukuraho gukenera gukusanya, gutegura no gusesengura ingero hakoreshejwe intoki, ikoranabuhanga rituma abakozi babasha gukora imirimo ifite agaciro gakomeye kandi rikihutisha inzira rusange yo gukora. Uku kugabanuka kw’umusaruro mwinshi w’abakozi n’amakosa y’abantu bigira uruhare mu kongera umusaruro no kugabanya ikiguzi cy’imikorere.
Byongeye kandi, gutanga ibitekerezo byihuse bituma habaho impinduka mu buryo bwihuse ku mikorere, ibyo bigatuma ibicuruzwa bidasohoka mu buryo busanzwe. Ubu bushobozi bwo gukurikirana no gukosora amakosa akomeje kugaragara bigabanya gukenera kongera gukora ivugurura rihenze no gukuraho ibyiciro byose, bigatuma ibikoresho fatizo n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu bigabanuka cyane. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira itanga incamake y'uburyo gupima ubucucike bwikora bigabanya icyuho kiri hagati y'ibibazo bisanzwe n'ibisubizo bigezweho.
| Icyiciro cy'Ibikorwa | Irushanwa rya gakondo ryo gukoresha uburyo bwo gushakisha | Agaciro k'igisubizo cyikora |
| Kwakira ibikoresho fatizo | Ingano idakwiye y'ikirere gitekanye; inzira y'ikamyo igenda gahoro; imbogamizi mu by'ibikoresho. | Itanga uburyo bwo gupima uburemere buhoraho kandi butaziguye, butarimo amakosa y’umwuka/ifuro; ikuraho gutondeka kw’imirongo y’amato; igenzura ko ubwishyu n’uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibintu bikozwe neza. |
| Gutandukanya no gushyiraho amahame ngenderwaho | "Gutanga ibicuruzwa" bihenze cyangwa "guhindura" bitewe no gupima ibinure nabi. | Igenzura neza ibinure hamwe n'ibitekerezo by'igihe gito, ikongera umusaruro n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa; ikuraho imyanda n'ibura ry'ibikenewe mu gutunganya ibinure. |
| Kuvanga no Gutunganya Ibicuruzwa | Umusaruro wa nyuma udahuye bitewe n'ibipimo by'ibice bitari byo. | Yemeza ko igipimo nyacyo cy'ibikubiye mu bicuruzwa gikomeza gukurikizwa hashingiwe ku bipimo by'ubucucike mu gihe nyacyo. |
| Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge rya nyuma | Ibisubizo bidafite ishingiro cyangwa bidahuye n'ibyo umuntu yakora mu igenzura ryakozwe n'intoki bishobora gutuma abantu bakosa. | Itanga igenzura rya nyuma, rishobora kwemezwa, kandi ryizewe ry’imiterere y’ibicuruzwa mbere yo kubipakira, rikongera uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kubahiriza ibisabwa. |
Ibikoresho byo mu buryo bwikora bigezweho
Igipimo cy'ubucucike bwa Ultrasonic ku mata
Mu ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye riboneka ryo gupima ubucucike mu murongo, sensor za ultrasonic zitanga igisubizo gikomeye cyane ku bidukikije by'amata. Ihame ry'ibanze ry'imikorere rishingiye ku isano iri hagati y'ubucucike bw'amazi n'umuvuduko w'urusaku runyuramo. Sensor ikora itanga amajwi menshi kandi igapima igihe cyo gukwirakwira hagati y'icyuma gitanga amakuru n'icyuma gitanga amakuru. Aya makuru akoreshwa mu kubara umuvuduko w'amajwi, ibyo bigatuma habaho kumenya neza ubucucike bw'amazi cyangwa ubucucike bwayo.
Ibyiza by'iri koranabuhanga biragaragara cyane mu iduka ry'amata. Mbere na mbere, ibikoresho bipima ikoranabuhanga (ultrasound sensors) birakomeye cyane. Ibipimo byabyo ntibigira ingaruka ku bintu bikunze kubangamira ikigo, nko guhindagura, urusaku, umuvuduko w'amazi, cyangwa ibara ry'amazi. Ibi bituma biba amahitamo meza ku bijyanye n'imiterere ikunze kugaragara y'umuyoboro w'amata utunganya amata, inyungu ikomeye ugereranyije n'ikoranabuhanga rishobora kwibasira umwuka winjira. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yabyo ntabwo ibangamira ibidukikije kandi ni isuku cyane. Kubera ko iri koranabuhanga ritagira ibice bigenda, nta bikoresho cyangwa ibice bisaba gusimburwa buri gihe, kandi ntibikunda kwaguka cyangwa kuziba, ibyo bikaba bigabanya cyane ibisabwa mu kubungabunga n'ikiguzi. Inyungu ya nyuma y'ingenzi ni umutekano no kubahiriza ibidukikije. Bitandukanye n'uburyo bwa radiometrike bushingiye ku masoko ya kirimbuzi kandi busaba kugenzura ibidukikije mu buryo bugoye, uburyo bwihariye bwo kubikoresha, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo kwanduzwa n'imirasire, ibikoresho bipima ikoranabuhanga ntabwo ari ibikoresho bipima ibidukikije kandi ntabwo bibangamira ibidukikije, byoroshya ishyirwaho n'imikorere.
Ufite ibibazo bijyanye no kunoza inzira zo gukora umusaruro？
Isesengura ry'amahame yo gupima rigereranya
Umwanzuro ushingiye ku makuru arambuye usaba isuzuma ryimbitse ry'abayobozi bakuru kuri interinetiigipimo cy'ubucucike bw'ibiribwaikoranabuhanga. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira itanga igereranya ry’amahame y’ingenzi yo gupima n’uburyo akoreshwa mu gutanga amata.
| Ikiranga | Ultrasonic | Korioli | Iforogo yo Gutunganya | Imiterere ya radiyo |
| Ihame ryo gupima | Igihe cyo gukwirakwiza urusaku rw'amajwi. | Impinduka z'impinduka bitewe n'uburemere bw'amazi. | Impinduka z'umuvuduko w'amazi bitewe n'uburemere bw'amazi. | Kugabanya imirasire ya Gamma. |
| Uburinganire | Hejuru: ± 0.0005g/cm3. | Hejuru cyane: Ubuziranenge bw'uburemere bwa ± 0.05%. | Hejuru. | Hejuru. |
| Gukomera kugeza ku ifuro/umwuka | Hejuru. Igipimo ntigiterwa n'umwuka cyangwa ifuro. | Hasi. Ishobora kwibasirwa cyane n'umwuka winjira mu kirere. | Iringaniye. Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwiyongera cyangwa guhindagura. | Hejuru. Igipimo ntigihinduka bitewe n'imiterere y'amazi. |
| Gusana | Hasi. Nta bice bigenda, ntabwo bikunda gupimwa. | Iringaniye. Ishobora kwangirika no gusaza. | Iringaniye. Ifite ingorane zo kwaguka no gutembera. | Hasi. Ntiguhuza amakuru, ariko bisaba uburyo bwo gucunga amakuru aturuka ahandi. |
| Umutekano n'ibidukikije | Umutekano, ntabwo ari intwaro za kirimbuzi. | Isuku, ifite icyemezo cya 3A. | Isuku. | Bisaba umutekano ugoye no kugenzura ibidukikije bitewe n'isoko ry'ibinyabutabire. |
| Porogaramu z'ingenzi | Ubucucike, ubwinshi, Brix, ingano y'ibintu bikomeye. | Urujya n'uruza rw'ibinure n'ubucucike; ni byiza cyane mu kubitunganya no kubivanga. | Ubucucike, ukwishyira hamwe. | Ibyuma bikaze, binini, cyangwa byangiza. |
Menya byinshi ku bipimo by'ubucucike
Ibindi bipimo by'imikorere kuri interineti
Guhuza Ibikoresho mu buryo butagira umususu: Inzira Igana ku Kimera Gihujwe
Akamaro k’ingamba z’ibikoresho bigezweho karenze ahantu hamwe ho gupima; gashingiye ku bushobozi bwako bwo guhuza neza n’ibikorwaremezo by’inganda zisanzwe no kugira uruhare mu buryo bwuzuye kandi bukoresha amakuru. Nubwo ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoresha ibyuma bipima akenshi byishingikiriza ku bimenyetso byoroshye kandi bihindagurika kimwe nka 4-20mA, bishobora kwibasirwa n’amashanyarazi kandi bigatanga amakuru make, ibikoresho bigezweho bikoresha protocole zikomeye z’itumanaho rya digitale. Politike nka Modbus RS485 na Hart zemerera kohereza ibintu byinshi—nk’ubucucike, ubushyuhe, n’amakuru ajyanye no gusuzuma—ku mugozi umwe. Ibi ntibyoroshya gusa insinga no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho ahubwo binatanga amakuru meza kandi bigatuma habaho imiterere ya kure no gukemura ibibazo, bikongera imbaraga za sisitemu muri rusange.
Impinduka kuva kuri analogi ujya kuri urubuga rw'itumanaho rya elegitoroniki igaragaza impinduka ikomeye mu buryo bw'impinduka. Ibimenyetso bya analogi bifite aho bigarukira, bitanga agaciro kamwe gusa "k'ubupfapfa". Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, ibimenyetso bya elegitoroniki ni "iby'ubwenge." Rimweigipimo cy'ubucucike bw'amataubu ishobora kohereza atari gusa igipimo cy’ibanze ahubwo no kohereza imiterere y’ubuzima bwayo n’isuzuma, bigatuma habaho impinduka z’ibanze mu ngamba zo kubungabunga. Aho kwishingikiriza ku buryo bushingiye ku gihe cyangwa uburyo bwo gusubiza aho sensor isimbuzwa nyuma yuko inaniwe bigatuma umurongo uhagarara, ubu buryo bushobora kumenyesha abakoresha ikibazo gishobora kubaho hashingiwe ku makuru yo gusuzuma. Ibi bituma habaho icyitegererezo cyo kubungabunga giteganyijwe, bigabanya cyane igihe kidasanzwe cyo kudakora, byongera iboneka ry’imashini, kandi bikongera igihe cyo kumara ibikoresho. Ubu buryo bwo gupima butuma uruganda rutangirira ku gice kimwe cy’ingenzi cyo gupima no kugera ku gikorwa gifitanye isano ryuzuye, gishingiye ku makuru binyuze mu guhuza na sisitemu za SCADA, DCS, na PLC zisanzweho.
Igipimo cy'ubucucike mu gukora IIoT no mu buryo bukoresha amakuru
Agaciro ko gupima ubucucike bwikora kagaragara neza iyo bitabonwa nk'igice cyihariye ahubwo nk'igice cy'ibanze cy'ikimera cy'amata cya none kandi gifite ubwenge.igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'ibiribwan'izindi sensor zikoresha ubwenge ni amakuru atuma interineti y'inganda (IIoT). Iyo aya makuru y'imashini ashyizwe mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga bushingiye ku bicu kandi agasesengurwa hifashishijwe ubwenge bw'ubukorano (AI), ashobora gutanga ubumenyi bwimbitse kandi bwihuse burenze uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura ibikorwa. Ibi bituma habaho sisitemu ikora neza kandi ikora neza ishobora gufata ibyemezo by'ubwenge ku bijyanye no kugenzura ubuziranenge, gahunda y'umusaruro, no kubungabunga ibintu mbere y'igihe.
Ubu buryo bushingiye ku makuru kandi bukemura ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyo gukurikirana no gukorera mu mucyo kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera. Gufata amakuru hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga kuva kuri sensors mu gihe cyose bitanga inyandiko yuzuye kandi igenzurwa kuri buri cyiciro, kuva igihe yakiriwe kugeza igihe yapakiwe burundu. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima ubucucike bwikora ku ruganda ni intambwe y'ingenzi muri iri hinduka ryagutse ry'ikoranabuhanga, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza, isobanutse kandi ibyara inyungu kuva ku "nka kugera ku gakarito." Vugana na Lonnmeter maze ubone inyungu nyinshi.
