Kuyeza Kuchuluka kwa Urea mu Njira Zochotsera Kuchuluka kwa Urea

Malamulo okhwima okhudza mpweya padziko lonse lapansi amafuna kuti mafakitale azilamulira mpweya wa nitrogen oxide (NOx). Urea, chinthu chotetezeka komanso chokhazikika, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina ochotsera mpweya kuti achepetse NOx. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulinganiza kuchuluka kwa urea komwe kumayikidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa NOx mu mpweya wa flue kuti muchepetse NOx yomwe mukufuna popanda mavuto.

UKuchepetsa mlingo sikuchepetsa NOx mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusatsatira malamulo. Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimayikidwa mu dothi kumawonjezera ndalama, kumawonjezera ndalama, ndipo kumayambitsa "kutsika kwa ammonia" - ammonia yosagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe imatuluka mumlengalenga. Kutsika kwa ammonia ndi kokwera mtengo, kowononga chilengedwe, ndipo kumatha kupanga mchere womata monga ammonium bisulfate ndi ammonium sulfate, zomwe zimaipitsa zida, zimachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso zimayambitsa kuwonongeka.

Onani Mapulogalamu Enanso

Mavuto a Kuwunika Urea Paintaneti

Kuipitsa, Kusungunuka, ndi Kutupa

Kuchotsa poizoniVutoli limakhalapo nthawi zonse, makamaka pamene madzi olimba akugwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunula urea. Michere yomwe ili m'madzi olimba imatha kutuluka mu yankho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zofunika kwambiri zitsekeredwe, kuphatikizapo ma nozzles a jakisoni ndi masensa. Izi zingayambitse miyeso yolakwika ndipo zimafuna kukonza ndi kuyeretsa pafupipafupi komanso kokwera mtengo, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yogwira ntchito ya makina.

Kupangidwa kwa kristaloZitha kuchitika kutentha kochepa (nthawi zambiri pansi pa 200−250∘C) komanso pamalo pomwe yankho la urea limakhudza makoma a mapaipi, ndikupanga filimu. Filimu yokhuthala, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kupopera kapena kukula kwa madontho, imapangitsa kuti mamolekyu a urea azivuta kusungunuka kwathunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makristalo apangidwe. Njirayi ndi yomwe imayambitsa kutsekeka kwa sensor ndi nozzle.

Thechilengedwe chowonongaKuphatikizika kwa urea kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito zida. Kupanga urea kumaphatikizapo kupanga ammonium carbamate, chinthu chomwe chimawononga kwambiri chomwe chingawononge zinthu wamba mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zisagwire ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, kusankha zida kuyenera kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa zigawo zokhazikika zimatha kusagwira ntchito ndipo zimafuna kusinthidwa nthawi zonse m'malo ovuta awa.

Muli ndi mafunso okhudza kukonza njira zopangira？

Lumikizanani ndi Mainjiniya

Mphamvu ya Machitidwe Osinthasintha pa Kuyeza

Kapangidwe ka madziwo kamayambitsa zovuta kuti ayesere molondola. Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'madzi kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi. Ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kungakhudze kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni woyezedwa wa urea. Kuwerenga kumatha kufalikira kwambiri ndikupereka deta yolakwika ku dongosolo lowongolera popanda kulipira kutentha koyenera. Kusintha kumeneku kukuwonetsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa sensa ya kuchuluka kwa urea yomwe imaphatikizapo kulipira kutentha kwa nthawi yeniyeni kuti ikonze kusinthasintha kwa njirazi.

Mofananamo, zinthu monga liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi, kukhuthala kwa mpweya, ndi kupezeka kwa thovu la mpweya lomwe lalowetsedwa mkati mwake zimatha kuyambitsa kusakhazikika kwakukulu kwa muyeso ndi zolakwika, zomwe zimafuna kapangidwe ka sensa komwe kali kolimba komanso kodalirika pansi pa mikhalidwe yogwira ntchito.

Yankho la Lonnmeter: Chiyeso cha Kuchuluka kwa Urea

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Sensor Yokhudza Kuchuluka kwa Urea

Chiyeso cha kuchuluka kwa urea chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi sensa yolowera mkati yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mapaipi, m'matanki ndi m'zinyalala zina. Mafupipafupi a resonant a forok yozungulira amasintha molunjika motsatizana ndi kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ozungulira. Sensayi imakhala ndi foloko yooneka ngati U yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi magetsi kuti igwedezeke pafupipafupi yeniyeni ya resonant. Folokoyi ikamizidwa mumadzi, kulemera kwa madzi kumawonjezera kulemera kogwira ntchito kwa foloko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwedezeka kwake kuchepe. Zamagetsi zapamwamba za sensayi zimapitiliza kuyang'anira kusintha kwa mafupipafupi kumeneku. Pogwirizanitsa kusintha kwa mafupipafupi kumeneku ndi curve yokonzedwa kale, chidachi chingapereke muyeso wolondola komanso wobwerezabwereza wa kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Chinthu chatsopano chenicheni chili mu kusintha kuchokera ku kuwerenga kwa density yoyambira kupita ku functional concentration value. Lonnmeter imakwaniritsa izi mwa kuphatikiza sensor yolondola kwambiri ya kutentha mwachindunji mu probe. Sensor iyi imapereka deta ya kutentha nthawi yeniyeni ku unit yopangira mkati, yomwe kenako imagwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwika bwino yolipirira kutentha. Njirayi imakonza kuwerenga kwa density kubwerera ku kutentha kodziwika bwino, kuchepetsa zotsatira za kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa ndondomeko. Kuchuluka kwa density komwe kumakonzedwa kumeneku kumasinthidwa kukhala kuchuluka kwina, monga peresenti ndi kulemera. Njira iyi ya magawo awiri—kuyeza katundu weniweni (density) kutsatiridwa ndi kusintha kudzera mu calibration curve ndi kubweza kutentha—ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri yoperekera muyeso wolondola komanso wodalirika wa urea.

Kapangidwe kake ka sensa ya fork yosinthira kamapereka mwayi waukulu m'malo ovuta ochotsera madzi. Popanda malo ocheperako, njira zopapatiza, kapena ma diaphragm ofooka, sensayi imalimbana ndi kuipitsidwa ndi makristalo omwe amakhudza ukadaulo wina. Kapangidwe kake kolimba komanso kotseguka kamalola madzi kuyenda momasuka mozungulira ma tines ogwedezeka, kuchepetsa mwayi woti mchere kapena ma crystals a urea asonkhanitsidwe ndikuchepetsa muyeso.

Dziwani Zambiri Zokhudza Ma Meter Ochulukirachulukira

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Yopangidwira Malo Osungira Zinthu Zobisika

Pozindikira mikhalidwe yoopsa ya fakitale yochotsera madzi, Lonnmeter yapanga masensa ake ndi sayansi ya zinthu patsogolo. Zigawo zazikulu zonyowa za chipangizochi zimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zolimba monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri ku dzimbiri la mankhwala, makamaka kuchokera ku zinthu zamphamvu kwambiri monga ammonium carbamate. Zipangizo zosagwira dzimbiri zimawonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizo choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi, nthawi yosamalira, komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito yosakonzedwa.

Sensa yophatikiza kutentha ndi ma algorithms apamwamba zimathandiza kusintha kwa kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti kuwerenga kumakhala kokhazikika komanso kodalirika mosasamala kanthu za kusinthasintha kwa madzi a processing.

Kuphatikiza Kopanda Msoko ndi Kulumikizana

Mphamvu ya Lonnmeter ya 4-20mA imagwirizana mosavuta ndi makina a PLC kapena DCS chifukwa:

Kulumikiza Mawaya Osavuta:Monga chotumizira cha mawaya awiri, chimagwiritsa ntchito mawaya awiriawiri pa mphamvu ndi kutumiza chizindikiro, zomwe zimachepetsa zovuta.

Chizindikiro Chodalirika:Chizindikiro cha 4-20mA sichimakhudzidwa ndi kutsika kwa magetsi pamtunda wautali komanso chimalimbana ndi phokoso lamagetsi komanso kusokonezedwa ndi maginito.

Kukula kwa Linear:Pa mulingo wa 0-100%, 4mA ikufanana ndi 0% ndi 20mA mpaka 100%, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kukulitsa kosavuta mu dongosolo lowongolera.

Otetezeka komanso Okhazikika:Kukhazikika bwino kwa sensa kumathandiza kuti chizindikirocho chikhale cholondola komanso chitetezo chamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane ndi makina a mafakitale.

Malo Abwino Kwambiri ndi Ubwino Wothandiza

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino sensa ya urea sikutanthauza kungoyesa molondola; komanso kuyika bwino malo kuti mupeze phindu lalikulu pa ntchito.

Gawo Lokonzekera ndi Kusunga Urea Solution

Mfundo yoyamba komanso yomveka bwino yogwiritsira ntchito sensa ndi kumayambiriro kwa njira yochotsera madzi: kukonza ndi kusungira madzi a urea. Sensa yomwe yayikidwa pagawoli imapereka chitetezo chofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera khalidwe, kutsimikizira kuti yankho lokonzedwa lili pamlingo woyenera lisanatumizidwe ku dongosolo loyezera. Kuyeza kumeneku kumatha kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo zolakwika kuchokera ku kusakaniza kolakwika ndi manja, kusiyanasiyana kwa chakudya cholimba cha urea, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oipitsidwa, zomwe zimaletsa mavutowa kuti asafalikire pansi ndikuyika pachiwopsezo njira yonse. Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi mu thanki yosungiramo zinthu kumaperekanso chida chofunikira choyang'anira zinthu, kuonetsetsa kuti pali reagent yokonzedwa bwino komanso yokhazikika.

Kuyang'anira Mizere ya Jakisoni ndi Mlingo

Kuti muyambitse kulamulira kozungulira kotsekedwa, choyezera kuchuluka kwa urea chiyenera kuyikidwa mu jakisoni wopanikizika kwambiri kapena mzere woyezera mlingo musanalowe m'mphuno za jakisoni. Kuyika kumeneku kumapereka muyeso wolunjika komanso wolondola wa reagent yomwe imalowa mu dongosolo nthawi yeniyeni. Deta yamoyo iyi ndiye maziko a njira zowongolera zapamwamba zomwe zimasintha nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa jakisoni kutengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa flue NOx, kutentha kwa catalyst, ndi magawo ena ogwirira ntchito.

Ngakhale kuti machitidwe ena owongolera amazindikira mavuto ochokera ku kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mzere woyezera, muyeso wolunjika komanso wopitilira wa kuchuluka kwa madzi umapereka chizindikiro cholimba komanso chodalirika. Imatha kuzindikira zolakwika za pampu mwachangu, kutsekeka pang'ono, kapena mkhalidwe wochuluka/wocheperako wa mlingo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti yankho lizichitika mwachangu komanso lokha lisanakhudzidwe ndi ntchito yochepetsa ya NOx ya dongosololi. Njirayi imasuntha chomera kuchoka pa chitsanzo chokonza chosinthika kupita ku chitsanzo chokonzekera, cholosera.

Kugwirizana ndi Ammonia Slip

Mtengo wa sensa ya urea concentration umapitirira pa mfundo imodzi ya data. Mwa kupereka deta yokhazikika komanso yodalirika, sensa imalola makina owongolera kuti aziyang'anira bwino kuchuluka kwa reagent jakisoni, kuonetsetsa kuti chiŵerengero chabwino cha stoichiometric chikusungidwa. Kulondola kumeneku kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchepetsa kutsika kwa ammonia. Chochitika chochulukira cha dosing chingapewedwe nthawi yeniyeni, kuchepetsa zinyalala za reagent komanso kuwononga chilengedwe kwa mpweya wa ammonia wosagwiritsidwa ntchito.