Kuyeza Kuchuluka kwa Tartaric Acid Pakupanga Vinyo
Wkupanga kwa ineyaonedwa ngati kusakaniza kwa zaluso ndi sayansi.Asidi ya Tartaricndi asidi wachilengedwe woyambirira womwe umapezeka mu mphesa, chinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe chimapanga gawo lalikulu (42.8–77%) la asidi onse achilengedwe.,vinyo wamphamvu kwambiri mwa ma asidi opangidwa ndi vinyo kutengera zinthu zake zosagwirizana (pKa).
Mbali yofunika kwambiri yaasidi wa tartaricndi kukhazikika kwake; mosiyana ndi ma asidi ena, imakhalabe yosaphikidwa ndi yisiti ndipo siiwonongeka kwambiri ndi chilengedwe panthawi ya vinyo-njira yopangira. Izi zikutanthauza kutikuchuluka kwa tartaric acid mu vinyondi chiwonetsero chachindunji cha kukhalapo kwake koyamba mu mphesa, chowonjezeredwa ndi zowonjezera zilizonse zotsatira. Chifukwa chake, muyeso wolondola kumayambiriro kwanjira yopangira vinyoSikokwanira; vuto lenileni lili pakuwongolera momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito pamene madziwo amasintha kuchoka pa mphesa kukhala vinyo womalizidwa.
Momwe Tartaric Acid Imapangira Mbiri Ya Kumva ndi Kukhazikika
Kupezeka kwaasidi wa tartariczimapangitsa vinyo kukhala wapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukoma kwake kukhale kolimba, kotsitsimula, komanso kosalala. Komabe, vinyoubwino wa tartaric acidZimapita kutali kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi malingaliro osavuta. Ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsimikizira pH ya vinyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti vinyoyo asawonongeke komanso kuti azitha kukalamba kwa nthawi yayitali.
Wathanziasidi wa tartaricKuchuluka kwa zinthu m'thupi kumapangitsa kuti pH ikhale yotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo omwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toopsa sitingathe kudwala. Kukhazikika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri, chifukwa kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa sulfure dioxide (SO2) komwe kumafunikira.2) zowonjezera. Kutsika kwa pH kumafuna SO1 yochepa2pofuna kuteteza, ubwino waukulu kwa opanga vinyo omwe amayesetsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa sulfite kuti apewe kukoma ndi fungo losafunikira lomwe lingabwere chifukwa chowonjezera kwambiri.
OutakubweraKuchuluka kwa asidi wa Tartaric wosasinthasintha
Kupitirira muyesokuchuluka kwa tartaric acid mu vinyoZingayambitse kupanga mchere wosasungunuka, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala potassium bitartrate (KHT) ndi calcium tartrate (CaT). Mankhwalawa amatha kupangika, ndikupanga makhiristo omwe amakhazikika pansi pa botolo kapena kumamatira ku cork. Ngakhale kuti makhiristowa ndi osavulaza ndipo samakhudza kukoma kwa vinyo, kupezeka kwawo kungakhale kosakopa kwa ogula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisamaoneke bwino komanso kuti zikhale zopindulitsa.
Mkulukuchuluka kwa tartaric acidKupitirira muyeso wamba wa 1500 mpaka 4000 mg/L kungathandizenso kukhala ndi kukoma kosasangalatsa komanso kowawa kwambiri. Kupangidwa kwa ma tartrate si vuto lokongola chabe; ndi zotsatira zachindunji za kusakhazikika kwa mankhwala komwe kuyenera kuthandizidwa. Kusinthasintha kovuta, kosalekeza pakati paasidi wa tartaricndi ma ayoni ena onsenjira yopangira vinyozimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzilamulira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zoyezera zosapitirira.
Njira Zachikhalidwe Zoyezera ndi Mavuto Awo
Kuyeza molondolakuchuluka kwa tartaric acid mu vinyoKwa nthawi yaitali wakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri, koma yovuta, popanga vinyo. Zofooka za njira zomwe zilipo zikuwonetsa kufunikira komveka kwa njira yatsopano yaukadaulo yomwe ingapereke deta yeniyeni komanso yodalirika popanda zovuta za machitidwe amanja kapena njira zina.
Kusagwira Ntchito Kwambiri ndi Kugwira Ntchito Mwamanja
Njira yodziwika bwino yodziwira acidity, komanso kuwonjezera apoasidi wa tartaric, ndi titration yamanja kapena yodziyimira yokha.MKuchuluka kwa ma anus ndi njira yotengera nthawi komanso yogwira ntchito yambiri.TheNjira yogwiritsira ntchito gulu imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera kuyang'anira mosalekeza njira zosinthira monga kuwiritsa. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola komanso zobwerezabwereza, njira iyi imafuna katswiri waluso. Chofooka chachikulu cha njira iyi ndi kudalira kwake pa chiweruzo chaumwini.
Mapeto a titration nthawi zambiri amatsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa mawonekedwe, mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa mtundu wa pinki wokhala ndi phenolphthalein. Kudalira mawonekedwe kumeneku kumakhala ndi cholakwika cha wogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo anthu osiyanasiyana amatha kuyimba kumapeto nthawi zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira zake zisamagwirizane.
ZolepheretsaMiyeso Yosalunjika
Opanga vinyo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pH ngati njira yodziwira acidity, koma si njira yodziwira mwachindunjikuchuluka kwa tartaric acid. pH imayesa mphamvu ya asidi poyesa kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni a hydrogen (H+) mu yankho, pomwe titratable acidity (TA) imayesa kuchuluka konse kwa asidi wogawanika ndi wosagawanika. Ubale pakati pa miyezo iwiriyi nthawi zambiri siwophweka, chifukwa chiŵerengero cha ma asidi osiyanasiyana—monga malic acid ndiasidi wa tartaric—ingasinthe, kukhudza pH popanda kusintha kofanana mu TA.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yomwe ikuwonetsa kusakwanira kwa miyeso iyi ndi yakuti pH ya madzi ndi chizindikiro choipa cha pH ya vinyo. Kuchuluka kwa KHT, njira yomwe imachitika makamaka pambuyo poti kuwira kwayamba, kumayambitsa kusintha kosayembekezereka komanso kwakukulu kwa pH. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wopanga vinyo sangangochita mayeso asanayambe kuwira ndikuyembekezera kuti zotsatira zake zigwire ntchito nthawi yonseyi.mzere wopanga vinyoIzi zimawasiya ndi chisankho chovuta: kuchepetsa asidi m'thupi ndikuika pachiwopsezo kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena kuchepetsa asidi m'thupi ndikuika pachiwopsezo mankhwala omaliza omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osakwanira a kumva. Kusakhazikika kwamphamvu kumeneku, komwe sikungatheke kutsatiridwa ndi mayeso amodzi okha, kukuwonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu luso lakale la kuyeza.
Muli ndi mafunso okhudza kukonza njira zopangira？
Yankho Lapamwamba la Kuyeza Kwamzere
Chiyeso cha Lonnmeter choyezera kuchuluka kwa ma ultrasound chikuyimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwaukadaulo, kupereka yankho lolondola kwambiri komanso lolimba mokwanira kuti likwaniritse zofunikira zamakono.mzere wopanga vinyo.
Kutseka Kusiyana: Kulondola ndi Kudalirika Pa Nthawi Yeniyeni
Chojambulira cha Lonnmeter tartaric acid ndi choyezera kuchuluka kwa ultrasonic chomwe chapangidwira kuyeza mzere, mosalekeza, komanso kosawononga. Mosiyana ndi njira zoyeserera, zochokera pagulu, zimapereka deta yachangu, zomwe zimathandiza opanga vinyo kutsatira ndikuyankha kusintha kwamphamvu pamene kukuchitika. Mphamvu imeneyi ndi yoposa phindu losavuta; ikuyimira kusintha kwakukulu kwa paradigm. Deta yopitilira, yeniyeni imatha kuperekedwa mu dongosolo lowongolera lokha, zomwe zimathandiza njira yotsekedwa pomwe zowonjezera asidi kapena magawo ena amasinthidwa okha kutengera mayankho olondola. Izi zimasintha njira yopanga vinyo kuchoka pa imodzi yoyankha mavuto kupita ku imodzi yowaletsa kwathunthu.
Fiziki Yoyambira ya Kuyeza kwa Kukhazikika kwa Ultrasonic
Kuchuluka kwa Lonnmeter tartaric acidmeterimagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo yofunikira ya thupi yoyezera liwiro la mafunde a mawu pamene akufalikira kudzera mu chinthu chamadzimadzi. Sensa imapangidwa ndi chotumizira ndi cholandirira chomwe chili pamtunda wokhazikika, wodziwika bwino kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake (d). Poyezera nthawi yeniyeni yomwe chizindikiro cha ultrasound chimatenga kuti chiyende kuchokera ku chotumizira kupita ku cholandirira (t), liwiro la mawu (v) likhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta: v=d/t.
Kapangidwe kake kamene kamapangitsa kuti njira iyi ikhale yothandiza poyezera ndi mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pakuchuluka kwa tartaric acid mu vinyondi liwiro la phokoso la madzi. Liwiro la mafunde a mawu mu madzi limakhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake enieni, makamaka kuchuluka kwake ndi modulus yake yayikulu. Pamene chinthu cholimba, mongaasidi wa tartaric, ikasungunuka mu madzi, imasintha makhalidwe amenewa, kupanga ubale wolunjika komanso woyezera pakati pa kukhudzika ndi liwiro la mawu.
Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya njira imeneyi ndi kufunika kochepetsa kutentha. Liwiro la mawu limakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi kutentha; kusintha kwa 1°C kokha kungayambitse kusintha kwakukulu kwa liwiro. Kuti athetse izi, kuchuluka kwa Lonnmeter tartaric acidmitaIli ndi sensa yolimba yamkati yoyezera kutentha kwa madzi nthawi imodzi ndi liwiro la phokoso. Kenako dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwirizi kuti likonze zotsatira za kutentha, kusiyanitsa kuchuluka kwa kutentha ndikutsimikizira muyeso wolondola kwambiri.inmzerekuganizira kwambirimitaKupereka zotsatira zambiri nthawi imodzi—kuchuluka kwa mawu, liwiro la mawu, ndi kutentha—ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa njira yochepetsera vutoli.
Dziwani Zambiri Zokhudza Ma Meter Ochulukirachulukira
Kulimba Mtima Kwachibadwa ku Zosokoneza Zofala Zopanga Vinyo
Kapangidwe ka sensa yolimba komanso yotsekedwa ya Lonnmeter imapereka mphamvu yolimba ku mikhalidwe yapadera komanso yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta m'malo opangira vinyo. Chipangizochi chapangidwa mwapadera kuti chisakhudzidwe ndi kugwedezeka, phokoso, kuyenda, mtundu, thovu, kapena zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa.
Kupindika ndi Mtundu:Mosiyana ndi njira zoyezera kuwala kapena colorimetric, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutseguka kwa kuwala ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa mphesa ndi vinyo wofiira, mfundo ya Lonnmeter yogwiritsira ntchito mawu imagwira ntchito popanda choletsa. Izi zimathetsa mwachindunji vuto lomwe lakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali mumakampani.
Thovu ndi Gasi:Pa nthawi yophika, pamakhala thovu lochuluka ndi carbon dioxide yosungunuka (CO2), zomwe zingasokoneze mitundu ina ya masensa, monga mass flow meter. Ukadaulo wapadera wa Lonnmeter wapangidwa makamaka kuti upereke miyeso yodalirika ngakhale m'malo omwe thovu limakhala ndi mpweya wambiri.
Zolimba Zokhazikika ndi Kukula:Choyezera kuchuluka kwa mowa cha Lonnmeter chilibe ziwalo zosuntha komanso kapangidwe kotsekedwa bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chisamavutike kwambiri ndi kusweka kwa zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa komanso kusonkhana kwa zinthu zolemera, zomwe ndi mavuto ofala popanga vinyo omwe amasokoneza ukadaulo wina. Zotsatira zake ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ndalama zokonzera komanso kulondola koyezera nthawi zonse.
Ubwino wa Ntchito ndi Zachuma Pantchito Yonse Yopanga Vinyo
Kuphatikizidwa kwa sensa ya Lonnmeter acid mu mzere wopanga vinyo sikuti ndi kusintha kwaukadaulo kokha; ndi ndalama zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri pakugwira ntchito komanso zachuma.
| Gawo Lopangira Vinyo | Phindu Logwira Ntchito | Phindu la Zachuma | Ubwino Wabwino |
| Kukonza Madzi a Mphesa | Amachotsa zongopeka mu acidity; amapereka deta yolondola ya mlingo | Kuchepetsa mtengo wa mankhwala; kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka | Kulimbitsa umunthu wa munthu; kumatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda |
| Kuphika | Zimathandizira kuyang'anira kosalekeza kusintha kwa mankhwala | Amachepetsa kufunika kowonjezera mankhwala kumapeto kwa nthawi | Zimasunga kukoma ndi fungo lachilengedwe; zimaletsa kuuma kwa bere |
| Kukhazikika kwa Ukalamba ndi Tartrate | Zimathandizira kuti kuzizira kukhale bwino nthawi yokhazikika; zimathandiza kuti mvula igwe bwino | Kusunga mphamvu zambiri; kuchepetsa antchito | Zimaletsa kukhuthala kwa okosijeni ndi kutayika kwa fungo; zimatsimikiza kukhazikika kwa maso |
| Kusakaniza & Kuyika Mabotolo Pasadakhale | Kuonetsetsa kuti malo onse ndi ofanana; kumathandiza kuti malamulo azitsatiridwa | Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu kuchokera ku magulu osakhala ndi zofunikira | Kukhazikika kwa chinthu chomaliza mu botolo |
Chojambulira cha Lonnmeter acid ndi njira yabwino yopezera ndalama zomwe zimapereka phindu lomveka bwino komanso lalikulu pa ndalama zomwe zayikidwa. Mwa kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mu kukhazikika bwino kwa kuzizira, komanso kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka ndi asidi wambiri, ukadaulowu umakhudza mwachindunji phindu la fakitale ya vinyo. Kapangidwe kake ka zinthu zopanda mphamvu ya nyukiliya, kosasuntha komanso zosowa zochepa zosamalira zimathandizanso kuti mtengo wake wonse ukhale wotsika pa moyo wake wonse.
Imasiyana ndi ukadaulo wachikhalidwe komanso njira zina chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwake kosalekeza, komwe kumagwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za vinyo, monga mtundu wake, kukhuthala kwake, ndi kuchuluka kwa thovu. Mphamvu zake zolumikizirana pa digito, kuphatikiza Modbus ndi Profibus, zimathandiza kuti vinyoyo agwirizane bwino ndi malo amakono komanso odziyimira pawokha a "winery wanzeru".
Kusintha kwa mtundu wogwiritsa ntchito deta, wothandizidwa ndi sensa ngati Lonnmeter acid concentration meter, sikungokhudza kugwira ntchito bwino kokha; ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera zoopsa, kuteteza mtundu wa vinyo, komanso mwayi wopikisana pamsika wovuta wapadziko lonse lapansi. Lumikizanani nafe tsopano kuti mukonze bwino mitundu yanu yopanga vinyo.
