Kuwunika Kuchuluka kwa Starch mu Wet Granulation
Sitachi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga mapiritsi chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Mavuto omwe amakumana nawo pakunyowa kwa granulation amayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwake ndi chinyezi chake. Kusinthasintha kumeneku ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha zolakwika mu khalidwe la mankhwala, monga kusweka kwa mapiritsi, kusinthasintha kwa kulemera, komanso kusungunuka kosasinthasintha.
Ukadaulo Wosanthula Njira (PAT), makamaka makina oyezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound, kuti aziyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni, motsatira mzere, azitha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mu starch, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kuchokera ku njira yachikhalidwe, yogwira ntchito, yochokera ku mayeso kupita ku njira yodziwira zinthu, yochokera ku ulamuliro.
Mavuto a Kuwunika Urea Paintaneti
Udindo Wofunika wa Sitachi mu Mitundu Yolimba ya Mlingo
Wowuma ngati Wowonjezera Zinthu Zambiri
Wowuma ndi biopolymer yachilengedwe, yopanda poizoni, komanso yotsika mtengo, imodzi mwa zinthu zowonjezerera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumitundu yolimba monga mapiritsi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mosiyanasiyana ndi phindu lalikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti igwire ntchito zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa kapangidwe kake, nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito ngati chomangira komanso chosungunula mu granulation yonyowa.
Makhalidwe ogwira ntchito a wowumavarypa gwero lake la zomera, monga chimanga, mbatata, kapena manyuchi, zomwe zimalamulira chiŵerengero chake cha amylose-to-amylopectin ndi mawonekedwe ake a granular. Kusiyana kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti starch kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana sizimasinthana. Mwachitsanzo, starch ya mbatata nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, pomwe starch ya chimanga imakhala ndi mawonekedwe akeake ophikira. Kumvetsetsa makhalidwe enieni a gwero ili ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mapangidwe.
Gome lotsatirali likufotokoza mwachidule ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa magwero osiyanasiyana a starch ndi ntchito zawo:
| Gwero la Wowuma | Chiŵerengero cha Amylose/Amylopectin | Katundu Wofunika Kwambiri | Makhalidwe a thupi ndi mankhwala |
| Chimanga | Pafupifupi 27:73 | Chomangira, chopatukana, chodzaza | Kutentha kwa gelatinization, kukhuthala kwapakati |
| Mbatata | Pafupifupi 22:25 | Wosasinthika, wodzaza | Kutentha kochepa kwa gelatinization, kukhuthala kwakukulu |
| Masamba | Pafupifupi 19.2:80.8 | Chomangira, chopatukana | Kusweka mwachangu, kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka |
Muli ndi mafunso okhudza kukonza njira zopangira？
Kufotokozera kwa Makina a Ntchito ya Wowuma
Wowuma ngati Chomangira: Kufunika kwa Gelatinization
Wowuma umagwira ntchito ngati chomangira chothandiza mu granulation yonyowa chifukwa cha gelatinization, njira yomwe kutentha ndi madzi zimasokoneza kapangidwe kake kosatha. Wowuma wamba, womwe sungasungunuke m'madzi ozizira, umafuna njira iyi yophikira kuti unyowetse ma polima ake a amylose ndi amylopectin, zomwe zimathandiza kuti azilumikizana bwino.
Kapangidwe ka Amylopectin kokhala ndi nthambi zambiri, kofanana ndi mtengo kumapereka malo ambiri olumikizirana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti igwirizanitse bwino tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamodzi. Pakadali pano, amylose, yokhala ndi kapangidwe kake kolunjika, imawonjezera kukhuthala ndikupanga netiweki ya gel ikazizira, zomwe zimalimbitsa kukhazikika kwa granule.
Pofuna kuchepetsa ntchito zamafakitale ndikuchotsa kufunika kophika, ma starch okonzedwa kale adapangidwa. Ma starch awa, omwe amakonzedwa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, amasungunuka m'madzi ozizira ndipo amatha kuwonjezeredwa ngati ufa wouma ku ma formulations. Panthawi yopukutira, madzi amawayambitsa mkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupanga kukhale kosavuta komanso kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yomangirirana ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Wowuma ngati Wosasinthika: Kutupa ndi Kupukuta
Sitachi ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri, ndipo njira yake yaikulu yogwirira ntchito ndi kutupa. Piritsi likakumana ndi chinthu chamadzi, madzi amalowa mu piritsi lokhala ndi machubu kudzera mu capillary action (kupukuta). Tinthu ta sitachi timayamwa madziwo ndikutupa kangapo kuposa kuchuluka kwake koyambirira. Kupanikizika kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutupaku ndikokwanira kuthana ndi mphamvu zomangira piritsi ndikupangitsa kuti lisweke m'zidutswa zazing'ono.
Kugwira ntchito kwa sitachi ngati chinthu chosungunuka kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kuchuluka kwake, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi mphamvu yokakamiza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziyambe kutupa ndi chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, zinthu zina monga kusokoneza ma hydrogen bonds ndi kusokoneza ma hydrogen bonds zimathandizanso kuti zinthu zisungunuke.
Mavuto mu Wet Granulation of Tabmalo
Kuchuluka kwa sitachi ndi chinyezi
Kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa phala la starch kapena chinyezi cha ufa wosakaniza ndi "zovuta" zazikulu mu granulation yonyowa. Kugwira ntchito kwa starch ngati chomangira kumadalira kwambiri kukonzekera kwake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati phala la starch "silikuphikidwa mokwanira," siligwira ntchito ngati polima yomangira yogwira ntchito chifukwa kapangidwe kake ka kristalo kamakhalabe kolimba.
Ntchito ya chinyezi ndi yovuta. Pa mlingo wotsika, madzi amatha kugwira ntchito ngati mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda bwino. Komabe, chinyezi chikapitirira pamlingo wofunikira, chimawonjezera kwambiri mgwirizano wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mwa kupanga mipata yolimba yamadzimadzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyenda bwino kwa madzi. Izi zingayambitse kudzaza kosakwanira komanso kosasinthasintha kwa madzi panthawi yoponderezedwa kwa piritsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulemera kwa piritsi kusinthe.
Ubale umenewu umapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira za domino. Kusayenda bwino kwa madzi chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa chinyezi sikumangokhudza kulemera kofanana komanso kumakhudza kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yokakamiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuuma kwa piritsi kukhale kwakukulu komanso kuchuluka kwake, ndipo pamapeto pake kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito osungunuka. Izi zikuwonetsa kulumikizana kovuta pakati pa makhalidwe abwino omwe sakufanana.
Dziwani Zambiri Zokhudza Ma Meter Ochulukirachulukira
Mfundo Zokhudza Kupweteka kwa Njira
Kuchuluka kwa ma binder osakwanira kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa polima wowuma kungayambitse ma granules ofooka, motero, mapiritsi "ofewa" omwe amatha kusweka ndi kusweka. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchuluka kwa ma binder ambiri kapena ma granulation ochulukirapo kungapangitse ma granules olimba kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse zolakwika monga kusweka ndi kuuma panthawi ya kupsinjika kwa piritsi chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mpweya komanso kusokonekera kosakwanira kwa pulasitiki.
Njira yonyowa ya granulation imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu monga nthawi yonyowa komanso liwiro la impeller, zomwe zingayambitse granulation yochulukirapo komanso kuchuluka kwa granule. Ichi ndi vuto lalikulu.
Chodziwika bwino ndi mgwirizano wosasinthasintha pakati pa mphamvu ya granule ndi mphamvu ya piritsi yolumikizira. Chidziwitso chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti granule zolimba komanso zokhuthala—zopangidwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi granulation yodula kwambiri—ziyenera kupereka mapiritsi olimba. Komabe, umboni ukusonyeza kuti granule zopangidwa ndi granulation yodula kwambiri, ngakhale kuti ndizolemera kwambiri komanso zamphamvu kwambiri, zimapangitsa mapiritsi kukhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri yolumikizira. Izi si kutsutsana kosavuta. Zikusonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti mgwirizano wa intra-granule ukhoza kukhala wolimba, zomangira za granule zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi ya piritsi yolumikizira zimakhala zofooka. Izi zili choncho chifukwa granule zolimba sizimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yambiri ndipo zimawonongeka pang'ono zikamapanikizika. Kuchepa kwa kusinthaku kumachepetsa malo olumikizirana pakati pa granule ndikuchepetsa mapangidwe a milatho yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti piritsi lomaliza likhale lofooka ngakhale kuti granule zokha ndi zolimba. Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera granule endpoint sikukhudza kukulitsa mphamvu kapena kuchuluka kwa granule, koma za kukwaniritsa bwino kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyenda bwino komanso kupsinjika kokwanira kuti apange piritsi lomaliza lolimba.
Zotsatira za Kuchuluka kwa Wowuma pa Ubwino wa Zinthu Zomaliza
Kuuma ndi Kusasinthasintha
Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma binder nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mapiritsi okhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kusinthasintha pang'ono. Sitachi imapereka mphamvu zomangira bwino poyerekeza ndi ma polima opangidwa monga PVP, nthawi zambiri amapereka mapiritsi ofewa koma okhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino osweka. Kafukufuku wina pa starch ya chimanga yomwe idakonzedwa kale adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa ma binder a 3% mpaka 9% ndiye komwe kunali koyenera kwambiri kuti pakhale mphamvu zovomerezeka zakuthupi.
Kusweka ndi Kusungunuka
Pali ubale woonekeratu pakati pa kuchuluka kwa starch binder ndi kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa mankhwala. Pamene kuchuluka kwa ma binder kumawonjezeka, mapiritsi amakhala olimba ndipo nthawi yawo yosungunuka imawonjezeka, zomwe zimachedwetsa kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala othandizira (API).
Kuchedwetsa kwa sitachi pa kusungunuka kungafotokozedwe mwa njira ya makina mwa kupanga "gawo lotayirira". Piritsi lokhala ndi sitachi likakumana ndi chinthu chosungunuka, sitachi pamwamba pa piritsi limatupa ndikupanga gawo lokhuthala, lofanana ndi gel. Gawo la gel ili silikhala ndi API. Chifukwa chake, API yosungunuka kuchokera pakati pa piritsi iyenera kufalikira kudzera mu starch matrix iyi yokhuthala komanso yotupa kuti ifike pa starch medium yosungunuka. Njira yofalikira iyi ndi sitepe yochedwa, yoletsa liwiro.
Kukhuthala ndi kukhuthala kwa wosanjikiza wothira madziwu kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa wowuma ndi kuchuluka kwa gelatinization yake. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe osasinthasintha a wowuma kapena kuchuluka kwake kumabweretsa mwachindunji ma profiles osinthika, omwe ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri (CQA) chomwe chimakhudza kupezeka kwa mankhwala.
Kuchuluka kwa Granule ndi Mapiritsi
Ziyeso zofunika kwambiri poyesa ubwino wa granule zikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa granule, kuchuluka kwa tapped, ndi Compressionibility Index (CI). Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nthawi yayitali yonyowa kapena kuthamanga kwa impeller kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa granule chifukwa cha kuphatikizana kwakukulu.
Kuchulukana kumeneku, ngakhale kuti kumawonjezera kuyenda bwino kwa madzi, kumapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha Compressionibility chikhale chochepa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti granules zimakhala zovuta kuzikanikiza. Zotsatira zake, piritsi lomaliza likhoza kukhala lofooka kuposa momwe limayembekezeredwa kapena limafuna mphamvu zambiri zokanizira, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zida kapena mavuto monga kusweka kwa piritsi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yovuta yolumikizirana pomwe kusintha pang'ono kwa njira, monga kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa starch, kungakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu komanso zosayembekezereka pa khalidwe la mankhwala omaliza.
| Kuchuluka kwa Wosakaniza wa Starch (% w/w) | Kulimba kwa Piritsi (N) | Kusinthasintha kwa Mapiritsi (%) | Nthawi Yosweka |
| 0% | Palibe Chomangirira | N / A | N / A |
| 3% | 20 - 30 | <1% | Sizidalira mphamvu yopondereza |
| 6% | 20 - 30 | <1% | Sizidalira mphamvu yopondereza |
| 9% | 20 - 30 | <1% | Sizidalira mphamvu yopondereza |
| 15% | 20 - 30 | <1% | Kuwonjezeka ndi mphamvu yopondereza |
Dziwani: Kulimba kwa mphamvu kumasiyana malinga ndi deta ya mphamvu inayake yokakamira.
Kufunika kwa Kuwunika Molondola Nthawi Yeniyeni
Zolepheretsa za Kulamulira Ubwino Wachikhalidwe
Njira zodziwika bwino zowongolera khalidwe, monga kusanthula granules kapena mapiritsi ouma pa intaneti kapena pa intaneti, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zogwira ntchito. Zimadalira zitsanzo ndi mayeso otenga nthawi yayitali, osapereka ndemanga yeniyeni pa zomwe zikuchitika. Kuchedwa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kuletsa kupanga magulu osagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke kwambiri komanso kutayika kwa ndalama.
Yankho la Kuwunika Kuchuluka kwa Wowuma
Ma ultrasonic ndende mitakudziwa kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi mwa kuyeza liwiro lomwe mafunde a mawu amadutsamo. Liwiro la mawu limadalira mwachindunji mawonekedwe enieni a madziwo, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwake ndi kutentha kwake.
Ukadaulo uwu ndi woyenera kwambiri pa njira zopangira mankhwala chifukwa cha zabwino zake:
- Chosawononga chilengedwe:Sensa ilibe ziwalo zosuntha ndipo imatha kuyikidwa mu chitoliro kapena chotengera, kupereka miyeso yeniyeni popanda kusokoneza kayendedwe ka ntchito.
- Wopanda tsankho:Kuyeza sikukhudzidwa ndi mtundu, kumveka bwino, kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi, zomwe ndi zofooka zomwe zimachitika pa njira zowunikira.
- Mwachindunji ndi Makaniko:Imayesa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa phala la starch, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimagwirizana ndi mtundu wa chinthu chomaliza.
Malo Oyikira a Meter Yowunikira Paintaneti ya Ultrasonic
Kukhazikitsaku kumayang'ana kwambiri pa kukonzekera kwa chomangira ndi gawo lowonjezera, lomwe limachitika nthawi yomweyo ufa wouma utasakanikirana koma usananyowe. Kuyika kumeneku kumalola kusintha mwachangu kuchuluka kwa phala la starch ndi kukhuthala kwake, kuthana ndi kusiyana kwa zomwe zimayambitsa mu chomangira chamadzimadzi chokha.It's rzachilengedweinended ku zolembatallon following positizotsatsa:
Bchombo chokonzekera mkati: Choyezera cha ultrasound chimayikidwa pamzere pa chitoliro chotulutsira madzi kapena kuzungulira kwa chotengera chokonzekera chomangira. Kuyika kumeneku kumagwira phala la starch'Kuchuluka kwa zinthu panthawi yosakaniza kapena kusakanikirana, kuzindikira kusagwirizana chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa starch ya batch-to-batch kapena zolakwika zokonzekera.
Chakudya cha Madzi ku Granulator: Choyezera cha ultrasound chimayikidwa pamzere pa chingwe cholumikizira (nthawi zambiri chimakhala payipi yosinthasintha kapena chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) pamwamba pa granulator.'Cholumikizira chamadzimadzi chowonjezera kapena cholumikizira chopopera. Izi zimayikidwa pambuyo pa pampu yothirira koma patsogolo pa chopopera chopopera kapena mkono wogawa mkati mwa mbale ya granulator.
