TheChizindikiro cha Kukhuthala (VI)ndi nambala yomwe imasonyeza kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa madzi kumasintha ndi kutentha. Ndi muyeso wopanda muyeso, woyerekeza—kutanthauza kuti ulibe mayunitsi ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekeza madzi.VI yapamwambazikutanthauza kuti kukhuthala kwa madzi kumakhala kokhazikika pa kutentha kwakukulu, pomweVI yotsikazikutanthauza kuti kukhuthala kwa madzi kumasintha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madziwo asadalirike kwambiri kutentha kwambiri.
Chifukwa chiyani VI ndi yofunika?
Mu ntchito zenizeni, madzi monga mafuta a galimoto kapenamadzi amadzimadziayenera kugwira ntchito modalirika pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Ngati kukhuthala kwa zinthu kumasintha kwambiri:
- Zikazizira: Madzi okhuthala angapangitse kuyambitsa injini kapena makina kukhala kovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalozo ziwonongeke chifukwa madziwo sayenda bwino kuti azipaka mafuta.
- Kukakhala kotentha: Madzi ochepa sangapereke chitetezo chokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chigwirizane ndi chitsulo, chiwonongeke, kapena ngakhale zida ziwonongeke.
Mwachitsanzo, mu injini ya galimoto:
- M'mawa wozizira wa m'nyengo yozizira, mafuta a low-VI amatha kukhala okhuthala kwambiri moti injini imavutika kutembenuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo ikhale yotopa komanso yotopa.
- Mu kutentha kwa chilimwe, mafuta omwewo otsika a VI amatha kuonda kwambiri, osateteza ziwalo za injini ku kukangana ndi kutentha, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino komanso moyo wautali.
Koma mafuta okhala ndi VI yambiri, amayenda bwino kwambiri kuzizira kuti atsimikizire kuti ayamba bwino ndipo amakhalabe olimba mokwanira kutentha kuti ateteze zigawo za injini, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulimba.
Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Chizindikiro cha Kukhuthala
VI ya madzimadzi imadalira zinthu ziwiri zazikulu:
- Mtundu wa Mafuta Oyambira:
- Mafuta a Mchere(kuchokera ku mafuta osakonzedwa): Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi VI yotsika (monga, 80–120), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukhuthala kwawo kumasintha kwambiri ndi kutentha.
- Mafuta Opangira(monga ma polyalphaolefins kapena ma esters): Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi VI yapamwamba (monga, 120–200), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokhazikika bwino kutentha kulikonse.
- Mafuta a Zamasamba kapena a Bio-basedVI imasiyana koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako, kutengera komwe kwachokera.
- ZowonjezeraMankhwala apadera otchedwachiŵerengero cha kukhuthala chimakula(VIIs) zimawonjezeredwa ku mafuta kuti ziwonjezere VI yawo. Zowonjezera izi ndi ma polima omwe amakula akatenthedwa, zomwe zimathandiza mafuta kuti asachepetse, komanso kuti azizire, zomwe zimawaletsa kuti asakhudze kwambiri.
Chifukwa chiyani VI ndi yofunika kwambiri pakusankha madzimadzi
Kusankha madzi okhala ndi VI yoyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha komwe kumasinthasintha, monga:
- Injini zamagalimotoMafuta a High-VI (monga, 5W-30 yopangidwa) amatsimikizira kuti kuzizira kumayamba bwino komanso chitetezo chodalirika pa kutentha kwambiri.
- Machitidwe a hydraulic: Mu zida zomangira, madzi okhala ndi mphamvu ya VI yambiri amasunga mphamvu nthawi zonse m'malo ozizira kapena otentha.
- Makina a mafakitaleMafuta opaka a High-VI amachepetsa kuwonongeka ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu m'mabokosi a gearbox kapena ma compressor omwe amagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu.
Mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yozizira, chotsukira cha hydraulic chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito madzi otsika a VI chingayankhe pang'onopang'ono m'mawa, kuchedwetsa ntchito komanso kupsinjika kwa zinthu zina. Madzi otsika a VI amathandiza kuti makinawo azigwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera.
Kuwona Mzere Wowoneka wa Kukhuthala
Tangoganizirani graph yoyerekeza momwe kukhuthala kwa mafuta kumasinthira ndi kutentha kwa mafuta awiri:
- X-axis: Kutentha (monga, kuyambira -20°C mpaka 100°C).
- Y-axisKukhuthala (kuchuluka kapena kuonda kwa madziwo).
- Mafuta otsika-VI: Mzerewu umatsetsereka kwambiri, kusonyeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa kukhuthala—kokhuthala kwambiri kutentha kochepa komanso kowonda kwambiri kutentha kwambiri.
- Mafuta a High-VI: Mzerewu ndi wosalala, kusonyeza kuti kukhuthala kumakhalabe kofanana pa kutentha komweko.
Kusiyana kumeneku ndi chifukwa chake mafuta a high-VI amakondedwa pa ntchito zovuta—amapereka magwiridwe antchito odalirika komanso odalirika.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- Chizindikiro cha Kukhuthala (VI)imayesa kukhazikika kwa kukhuthala kwa madzi pamene kutentha kukusintha.
- VI Yapamwamba= kukhuthala kokhazikika, bwino pa kutentha kwakukulu (monga mafuta opangidwa).
- VI Yotsika= kukhuthala kumasintha kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto m'malo ozizira kapena otentha.
- Zotsatira zenizeni: Madzi okhala ndi mphamvu ya VI yapamwamba amathandiza kuti injini, makina oyeretsera madzi, ndi makina azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti injini zizigwira ntchito bwino.
- Zinthu: Mtundu wa mafuta oyambira (mineral vs. synthetic) ndi zowonjezera monga viscosity index improvers zimatsimikizira VI.
Mwa kusankha madzi okhala ndi VI yoyenera, mainjiniya ndi akatswiri amatha kuonetsetsa kuti zida zikuyenda bwino komanso zimakhala nthawi yayitali, mosasamala kanthu za nyengo kapena momwe zinthu zilili.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-18-2025
