Kuyeza kwa Kukhuthala kwa Nthawi Yeniyeni mu Kubwezeretsa Kutentha

Mphamvu ya Ma Parameter a Steam

Kapangidwe ka nthunzi ndi kofunika kwambiri pa njira zochepetsera kukhuthala kwa mafuta olemera. Kutentha, kupanikizika, ndi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni ndi zinthu zazikulu zowongolera.

• Kutentha kwa Nthunzi:Kutentha kwambiri (kawirikawiri pakati pa 200–300 °C) kumasokoneza kuyanjana kwa mamolekyulu bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwa mamolekyulu. Pakakhala nthunzi yovuta kwambiri, aquathermolysis kapena ming'alu ya subcritical imaphwanyanso mamolekyulu ovuta, nthawi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhuthala kwa mamolekyulu kuchepe chifukwa cha kukonzedwanso kwa mamolekyulu ndi kutulutsa mpweya.
• Kupanikizika kwa Nthunzi:Kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa jakisoni kumawonjezera kulowa kwa nthunzi ndi kusamutsa kutentha kofanana mkati mwa thanki, kukonza kusuntha kwa mafuta ndikuchepetsa zoopsa za kutaya kutentha ndi njira zoyendetsera. Kusintha kupsinjika pakati pa opanga ndi zitsime zoperekera jakisoni kungathandize kusintha kufalikira kwa nthunzi ndikuletsa kufalikira msanga.
• Mlingo wa jakisoni:Kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yolowetsedwa bwino, monga komwe kumapitirira 700 bbl/tsiku mu njira za SAGD, kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi zinthu zambiri zomaliza zobwezeretsa mafuta (mpaka 52–53%). Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchepa kwa kutentha kumachepetsa kufalikira ndi kufalikira kwa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchepe chifukwa cha nthunzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi kuyenera kukonzedwa bwino kuti kugwirizane ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta. Ma model owunikira ndi oyeserera—kuphatikizapo ma phukusi oyeserera a reservoir—amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi ndi mafuta (SOR) komwe kungapangitse kuti pakhale kutulutsa kwakukulu. Ma equation awa amaganizira za ma profiles a viscosity-temperature, nthunzi yotulutsa mpweya, ndi kuyenda kwa madzi kuti akonze nthawi yoperekera jekeseni ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mafuta.

Kukonza magawo a nthunzi sikusiyana ndi kuwongolera njira zonse pakubwezeretsa mafuta ambiri, makamaka pa njira monga steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) ndi cyclic steam stimulation (CSS). Ngati zikugwirizana ndi emulsifier dosage optimization yothandiza komanso kuyerekeza nthawi yeniyeni, njira izi zimakhala maziko a njira zowonjezera zobwezeretsa mafuta popanga mafuta ambiri masiku ano.

Ukadaulo Woyezera Kukhuthala kwa Nthawi Yeniyeni

Mfundo ndi Njira Zoyezera

Mu kuchira kwa mafuta ambiri,ma viscometer amkatindizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera molondolanjira yopangira emulsification ya mafutandikuwongolera bwino momwe mafuta amagwirira ntchito. Ma viscometer omwe ali mkati mwake amayesa mwachindunji kayendedwe ka mafuta ndi kusintha kwa zinthu zomwe zimasakanikirana ndi mafuta olemera pamene akudutsa m'mapaipi ndi zida zokonzera. Izi zimathandiza kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni popanda kufunikira kuyesedwa ndi manja, zomwe zingakhale zochedwa komanso zosayimira momwe zinthu zilili.

Ukadaulo umodzi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ultrasound viscometer. Imagwira ntchito potumiza mafunde a ultrasonic kudzera mu oil-emulsifier mixture ndikuyesa momwe mafundewo amagwirira ntchito ndi sing'anga—kupereka mawerengedwe olondola komanso ofulumira a viscosity ngakhale kutentha ndi kayendedwe ka madzi kosinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo, selo la ultrasonic lomwe lili ndi ma piezoelectric transducers limapereka muyeso wolondola kwambiri wa viscosity mu zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi madzi okwana 40%, kuthandizira kuwunika kukhazikika kwa emulsion komanso momwe deta imagwirira ntchito mwachangu. Njirayi ndi yoyenera makamaka pa ntchito zobwezeretsa mafuta otenthetsera, komwe viscosity imasinthasintha mosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha ndi mankhwala. Kulondola komanso nthawi yake ya miyeso iyi kumathandizira mwachindunji njira zochepetsera viscosity yamafuta olemera, kukonza magawo monga kuchuluka kwa jekeseni wa nthunzi ndi mlingo wa emulsifier kuti zisunge kusinthasintha kwapakati kokhazikika ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi.

Kuyika kwa sensa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ma viscometer ndi ma rheometer omwe ali mkati ayenera kuyikidwa pamalo oyenera:

• Chitsime: Kutsata zotsatira zachangu za kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwa emulsification ya chitsime.
• Zigawo za mapaipi: Kuzindikira kusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa emulsifier kapena kutentha.
• Magawo asanayambe ndi pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi: Kulola ogwira ntchito kuwunika momwe jakisoni wa nthunzi amakhudzira kapena njira zina zowonjezera zobwezeretsera mafuta.

Ma structures apamwamba owunikira amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsera makina ndi njira zabwino kwambiri kuti adziwe malo ogwirira ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti masensa akupereka deta yogwira ntchito komwe kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito kuli kwakukulu. Mu ma network a cyclic kapena ovuta a mapaipi, ma algorithms oyika ma graph okhazikika komanso kusanthula kwa makina osakhala a mzere umodzi kumatsimikizira kufalikira kwathunthu kwa ma profiling olondola a viscosity.

Deta ya viscosity ikagwidwa, nthawi zonse imaperekedwa ku machitidwe oyang'anira monga SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) ndi APC (Advanced Process Control). Mapulatifomu awa amasonkhanitsa chidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa amkati, ndikuchiphatikiza ndi zinthu zowongolera kupanga ndi ma database a mbiri ya njira. Ma protocol otseguka, kuphatikiza OPC-UA ndi RESTful APIs, amalumikiza deta m'magawo ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuonetsetsa kuti kugawa bwino ndi kuwonetsa bwino ntchito yonse yamunda.

Kupeza Deta ndi Kuyankha pa Njira

Kupeza deta ya kukhuthala kwa nthawi yeniyeni kumapanga maziko a njira zoyankhira pakubwezeretsa mafuta owonjezera kutentha. Mwa kulumikiza zotulutsa za sensor mwachindunji ndi makina owongolera, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha zosintha zazikulu za njira pafupifupi nthawi yeniyeni.

Kulamulira kotsekedwandalama zothandiziramiyeso ya kukhuthalakuti muchepetse mlingo wa emulsifier. Mapulani anzeru owongolera—kuyambira ma PID loops olimba mpaka ma adaptive fuzzy logic ndi ma hybrid architectures—amasinthasintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala obayira kuti asunge kukhuthala koyenera kwa mayendedwe a mapaipi, pomwe akuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso mankhwala okwera mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kukhuthala kukukwera—kusonyeza kusakwanira kwa emulsifier—owongolera adzawonjezera chakudya cha emulsifier chokha; ngati chagwera pansi pa cholinga, mlingo umachepetsedwa. Mlingo uwu wa mayankho ndi wofunikira kwambiri pakutulutsa madzi okhuthala (SAGD) ndi kusefukira kwa nthunzi kuti mafuta ambiri azitha, komwe kukonza kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi ndi kukhazikika kwa mutu wa chitsime ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kuyang'anira mosalekeza kukhuthala ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi. Mafuta okhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu kapena ma emulsion osakhazikika angayambitse kukana kwa kuyenda kwa madzi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kutsekeka ndi kutsekeka. Mwa kusunga mawonekedwe atsopano a kukhuthala mu dongosolo lonse lopanga, ma alarm kapena njira zodzitetezera zokha zitha kuyambika pamene malire akuyandikira. Kuphatikiza ndi SCADA ndi akatswiri a mbiri ya njira kumathandiza kusanthula kwa nthawi yayitali—kugwirizanitsa machitidwe a kukhuthala ndi zochitika zotsekeka, magwiridwe antchito a nthunzi, kapena kuyamba kwa zovuta za kuchotsedwa kwa madzi.

Mu magawo obwezeretsa kutentha, mapulatifomu apamwamba ophatikiza deta amaonetsetsa kuti mawerengedwe a viscosity si odzipatula koma amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka madzi, kutentha, ndi deta ya kuthamanga. Izi zimalola kusintha kwa chitsanzo—monga kusintha kwa dynamic steam injection kapena demulsification process optimization—zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta ayambe kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.

Zitsanzo za kukonza bwino komwe kumalola mayankho:

• Ngati ma viscometer omwe ali mkati mwa mzere azindikira kukwera kwa kukhuthala kwa viscosity panthawi yobayira nthunzi, makinawo amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa emulsifier kapena kusintha magawo a nthunzi, ndikusunga mafuta olemera mkati mwa zofunikira za kayendedwe kake.
• Ngati masensa otsika akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa kukhuthala pambuyo pa kusintha kwa ntchito, mankhwala ochotsa mulu akhoza kuchepetsedwa, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama popanda kuwononga magwiridwe antchito olekanitsa.
• Kusanthula kwa mbiri yakale kophatikizana kumalumikiza maulendo a kukhuthala ndi zolemba zosamalira kuti zitsimikizire mavuto a pampu kapena njira.

Njira imeneyi yogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni, yochokera ku mayankho, imathandizira kupewa mavuto otsimikizira kuyenda kwa madzi nthawi yomweyo—monga kutsekeka kwa mapaipi—komanso kukonza bwino kutentha kwa mafuta ambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Imagwirizanitsa zochita zogwirira ntchito ndi zofunikira pa ndondomeko kuti pakhale kupanga mafuta kogwira mtima, kodalirika, komanso kotsika mtengo.

Njira Zokonzera Njira Yopangira Emulsification

Kutsimikizira Kuyenda kwa Madzi ndi Kupewa Kutsekeka kwa Madzi

Kusunga kusinthasintha kokhazikika kwa mafuta olemera m'mapaipi ndi m'zitsime ndikofunikira kuti mafuta olemera abwerere bwino. Kusungunuka kwa mafuta olemera kumasintha mafuta olemera kukhala madzi onyamulika, koma kukhazikika kuyenera kusamalidwa mosamala kuti kupewe kutsekeka. Kukwera kwa kukhuthala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha, mlingo wolakwika wa emulsifier, kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mafuta kosayembekezereka kungayambitse mwachangu magawo ofanana ndi gel ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa madzi, makamaka panthawi yolowetsa mafuta olemera ndi nthunzi.

Kutsimikizira kuyenda kwa madzi kumaphatikizapo njira zodzitetezera komanso zoyankhira:

• Kuwunika Kosalekeza kwa Kukhuthala: Machitidwe oyezera nthawi yeniyeni, monga ma viscometer a capillary odziyimira pawokha olumikizidwa ndi masomphenya a kompyuta, amapereka mayankho a viscometer nthawi yomweyo. Machitidwewa amazindikira kusokonekera akangochitika, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kulowererapo—kusintha kutentha, kuchuluka kwa madzi, kapena kuchuluka kwa emulsifier kuti apewe kutsekeka kapena kuyika sera.
• Kusintha Mwachangu kwa Njira: Kuphatikiza deta ya sensa ndi makina owongolera kumalola kusintha kwa zokha kapena kotsogozedwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito mu magawo a ndondomeko. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo kukweza mlingo wa surfactant ngati kuchuluka kwa viscosity kwapezeka kapena kusintha momwe jekeseni wa nthunzi imagwirira ntchito kuti ikhazikitse emulsion rheology.
• Kuthandizira Pathupi ndi Kutenthetsa Mapaipi: Mu ntchito zina, kutentha kwa mapaipi mwachindunji kapena kutentha kwamagetsi kumawonjezera njira zamankhwala zobwezeretsa kusuntha kwakanthawi, makamaka nthawi yozizira kapena kuzimitsidwa kosayembekezereka kwa zida.

Njira yophatikiza deta yeniyeni ya kukhuthala ndi njira zosinthika zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka mafuta panthawi yonse yopangira mafuta.

Kulinganiza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafuta Moyenera komanso Kugwiritsa Ntchito Nthunzi

Kupeza bwino pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta moyenera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsa bwino kutentha kwa mafuta ambiri. Kuchepetsa kukhuthala pogwiritsa ntchito emulsification ya wellhead kumalola mafuta ambiri kuyenda momasuka komanso kumathandiza kuti nthunzi ifalikire kwambiri m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito emulsifier mopitirira muyeso kungapangitse kuti ma emulsion akhale olimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magawo olekanitsa pambuyo pake asakhale ovuta komanso kukweza ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kukonza bwino zinthu ndi izi:

• Kulamulira Kukhuthala kwa Nthawi YeniyeniKugwiritsa ntchito deta ya pulojekiti yeniyeni kuti kukhuthala kukhale mkati mwa cholinga—kokwanira kusunga kuthekera kolekanitsa, koma kotsika mokwanira kuti kukwezedwe bwino kwa kupanga ndi kunyamula. Kuyeserera kwa proxy ndi kuyesa kwamunda kwatsimikizira phindu losintha mlingo wa emulsifier nthawi yomweyo kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kupanga.
• Kukonza Mlingo wa Emulsifier: Kafukufuku wa m'ma laboratories ndi zochitika za m'munda zimathandizira kuti kuchuluka kwa emulsifier molondola kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi komwe kumafunikira kuti mafuta atenthe komanso mankhwala ochiritsira akachira. Kuwonjezera komwe kumapangidwira kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito surfactant kosafunikira, kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuchepetsa katundu wowononga chilengedwe pomwe kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta.
• Kulowetsana kwa Nthunzi ndi Zosungunulira: Kuwonjezera pa kulowetsa nthunzi ndi zinthu zoyenera zosungunulira kumachepetsanso kukhuthala kwa mafuta ambiri ndipo kumawonjezera mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta. Zochitika m'munda, monga zomwe zili m'minda yamafuta a carbonate, zasonyeza kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi komanso kukweza mphamvu ya mafuta—zomwe zimagwirizanitsa mwachindunji kukonza bwino njira ndi phindu la ntchito komanso chilengedwe.

Chitsanzo: Mu gawo la mafuta olemera okhwima, ogwiritsa ntchito adagwiritsa ntchito viscometry yeniyeni komanso kuwongolera kwamphamvu kwa jakisoni wa emulsifier kuti asunge kukhuthala kwa emulsion pakati pa 200 ndi 320 mPa·s. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa nthunzi kunatsika ndi 8–12%, popanda kutayika kwa kuchira kwa mafuta.

Kuphatikizana ndi Njira Zochotsera Madzi

Kupanga mafuta ambiri moyenera kumafuna kuyang'anira kupangika ndi kusweka kwa ma emulsions kuti alekanitse mafuta ndi madzi. Kuphatikizana pakati pa emulsification kuti azitha kuyenda bwino komanso kuti azitha kuchotsedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kumatsimikizira kuti dongosolo lonse limagwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti zinthu zikhale bwino.

Masitepe oyendetsera zinthu mogwirizana:

• Kugwirizanitsa Emulsification ndi Demulsification: Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a ma emulsifier omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa kukhuthala kwa thupi angakhudze momwe demulsifier imagwirira ntchito pansi pake. Kusankha mosamala ndi kukonza mlingo—ma emulsifier omwe pambuyo pake amatha kuchepetsedwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi mankhwala a demulsification—kumapangitsa kusiyana kwa mafuta ndi madzi pambuyo pochira.
• Njira Zapamwamba Zochotsera Mitsempha: Maukadaulo atsopano monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayankha, zosakaniza za demulsifier zogwirizana (monga, phukusi la BDTXI), ndi zolekanitsa zapadera zamakina (zipangizo ziwiri zozungulira) zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi liwiro la kulekanitsa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta TiO₂ tinapeza mphamvu yofikira 90% ya demulsification m'mayesero aposachedwa; chipangizo chopangidwa bwino cholekanitsa madzi chinathandiza kulekanitsa kupitirira njira zodziwika bwino.
• Kuwongolera Kusintha Kwadongosolo: Kuphatikizana kwapafupi kwa kuyang'anira kukhuthala ndi mlingo wodziyimira pawokha wa ma emulsifier ndi ma demulsifier kumathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kuchoka pakukula kwa kuyenda kupita ku kulekanitsidwa kokhazikika. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumasunga bwino kwambiri ndipo kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za njira, makamaka m'malo odulidwa kwambiri a madzi kapena pamene kusintha kwachangu kwa kayendedwe ka madzi kumachitika panthawi yotulutsa madzi okoka pogwiritsa ntchito nthunzi.

Makina obwezeretsa mafuta olemera, okonzedwa bwino, amawunika momwe mafuta amagwirira ntchito kudzera mu kusanthula kwa nthawi yeniyeni ndikusintha njira zonse ziwiri zotulutsira mafuta ndi kuchotsera mafuta kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zosintha zopangira ndi kulekanitsa—kutsimikizira kuti mafuta akuyenda bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi moyenera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta ambiri mkati mwa dongosolo lobwezeretsa mafuta lowonjezera kutentha.

Zotsatira pa Ntchito ndi Ziwerengero za Kubwezeretsa Mafuta

Kubwezeretsa Mafuta Mwachangu Kwambiri

Kuyeza kukhuthala kwa mafuta nthawi yeniyeni komanso njira zolondola zochepetsera kukhuthala kwa mafuta zimathandiza kwambiri pakukweza mphamvu yobwezeretsa mafuta pakubwezeretsa kutentha kwa mafuta ambiri. Kukhuthala kwa mafuta ambiri kumaletsa kuyenda kwa madzi ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe angathe kubwezeretsedwa. Kafukufuku wa m'munda ndi m'ma labotale akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa kukhuthala kwa mafuta—monga DG Reducer kapena silane-modified nanosilica (NRV)—kungathandize kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwa mafuta olemera kwambiri ndi 99%, ngakhale m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Deta yoyeserera ya zaka khumi ikusonyeza kuti m'zitsime zokhala ndi madzi ambiri, njira zabwino zochepetsera kukhuthala kwa mafuta zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsanso mafuta ndi 6.75%.

Njira zamakono zophatikizira kusefukira kwa madzi, makamaka Viscosity Reduction Combination Flooding (V-RCF), kuphatikiza ma polima, ma surfactant emulsifiers, ndi ma ultra-low interfacial tension agents kuti asunge kuyenda bwino komanso kulekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi. Kulowetsa ma slug ambiri mu kuyesa kusefukira kwa madzi m'mabokosi amchenga kumatsimikiziranso kuti njirazi zimagwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mafuta amatha kusunthika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kusefukira kwa madzi wamba. Mwachitsanzo, malo ogwirira ntchito omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yeniyeni yowongolera kuchuluka kwa emulsifier komanso kuyeza kosalekeza kwa viscosity amatha kusunga kuyenda kwa madzi omwe akufuna, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amachotsedwa kukhale kokhazikika komanso kodziwikiratu komanso kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito opangira.

Kusunga Ndalama ndi Kuchepetsa Ndalama pa Steam

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha mphamvu ndi mtengo pakubwezeretsa mafuta otenthetsera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi. Kukonza kukhuthala kwa mafuta pogwiritsa ntchito deta yeniyeni komanso njira zochizira mankhwala kapena zakuthupi kumakhudza momwe nthunzi imagwiritsidwira ntchito. Mayeso aposachedwa a SAGD ndi ma laboratory benchmarks awonetsa kuti kuwongolera kukhuthala kwa mafuta kudzera mu emulsifier dosing yabwino kapena nano-chemical blends apamwamba amachepetsa mwachindunji chiŵerengero cha nthunzi ndi mafuta—kutanthauza kuti nthunzi yochepa imafunika pa mbiya iliyonse ya mafuta opangidwa. Izi ndizofanana: pamene kasamalidwe ka kukhuthala kamakhala kolondola komanso kogwira mtima, kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi kumachepa moyenerera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso mphamvu zisungidwe.

Zitsanzo za m'munda zikunena za kuchepa kwa nthunzi komanso kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi. Mu chitsanzo china, kubayidwa kwa madzi kunachepetsedwa ndi 2,000 m³ patsiku poika ma plug a gel osakhuthala kwambiri kuti azitha kuwongolera madzi, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ndalama zogwirira ntchito zichepe kwambiri. Kuyeza kwa kukhuthala kwa mkati kumalola kusintha kwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, kuchepetsa mphamvu yotayika chifukwa cha kubayidwa mopitirira muyeso ndikuletsa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa makina.

Kulimbitsa Umphumphu wa Mapaipi ndi Kuchepetsa Kusamalira

Kutsekeka ndi kulephera kwa mapaipi ndi ziwopsezo zazikulu pa kupitiriza ndi chitetezo cha ntchito ya mafuta m'munda, zomwe zimakulitsidwa kwambiri ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi kosalamulirika komanso njira zosasinthasintha za emulsification. Kuyang'anira kukhuthala kwa nthawi yeniyeni kumachepetsa zoopsazi. Zotsatira za mayeso aposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti ma viscometer amkati ndi kusanthula kwa fiber-optic komwe kumagawidwa kumathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kusunga kusuntha mkati mwa magawo oyenera, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa makina pamapaipi.

Machitidwe ozikidwa pa electrorheology monga AOT (Applied Oil Technology) samangochepetsa kukhuthala kwa mafuta panthawi yoyenda pa payipi—potero amawonjezera mphamvu yotuluka ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu pampope—komanso amawongolera thanzi la mapaipi onse popewa kupangika kwa slug yokhuthala kwambiri. Kupita patsogolo pakusankha zinthu za mapaipi, monga PVC yogwira ntchito bwino yovomerezeka kuti ibwezeretse mafuta otenthetsera, kumachepetsanso ndalama zosamalira popewa dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi.

Pantchito, kuchepetsa nthawi yosakonzekera yogwira ntchito, kukonza zadzidzidzi, komanso nthawi yokonza zinthu kumatanthauza kuti ndalama zochepa zokonzera zinthu ndi kunyamula mafuta mokhazikika komanso mosalekeza. Kusinthaku koyendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo kumathandizira kulowetsedwa bwino kwa nthunzi, njira zochepetsera mafuta m'malo osungiramo mafuta, komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a malo osungira mafuta mwa kutsimikizira kuti mafuta akuyenda bwino komanso mokhazikika kuchokera ku chitsime kupita ku malo okonzera mafuta.