Kuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya mkati mwa madzi ndikofunikira kwambiri poteteza kukhazikika kwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito komanso antchito pakupanga ammonium nitrate. Kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono.zotumizira mkati, monga omwe akuchokera ku Lonnmeter, amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira mwachangu ngakhale zolakwika zazing'ono kuchokera ku malo okhazikika. Kuyankha kumeneku kumathandizira ubwino wa makina owongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuonetsetsa kuti kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika zokha kuti ntchito ziziyenda bwino.
Kupanga Ammonium Nitrate
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Chiyambi
Kupanga ammonium nitrate ndikofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga feteleza, zomwe zimapereka gawo lofunikira kwambiri paulimi padziko lonse lapansi. Njira yopangira ammonium nitrate imaphatikizapo kuletsa kufalikira kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi nitric acid yosungunuka, ndikupanga yankho lokhala ndi mphamvu zenizeni za mankhwala. Kusunga bwino ntchito yotulutsa komanso chitetezo cha ntchito ndikofunikira, chifukwa nthawi yogwira ntchito kapena kusokonekera kwa zinthu kumatha kukhudza unyolo woperekera ndikuwonjezera ndalama.
Malo opangira feteleza amagwira ntchito motsatira kayendedwe ka madzi kosalekeza, akukumana ndi mavuto kuti achepetse kusokonekera kwa ntchito ndikukhazikitsa njira zodzitetezera zolimba. Kusamalira ammonia yamadzimadzi kumakhala ndi zoopsa zazikulu, monga kutuluka kwa poizoni ndi zoopsa zophulika, zomwe zimafuna kuletsa mwamphamvu ndikuwongolera njira. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nitric acid, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mukuchitapo kanthu kwa kuletsa, onjezerani zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira za chitetezo ndi dzimbiri.
Kugwira ntchito kosalekeza m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala kumadalira pa magawo okhazikika a njira yogwirira ntchito. Kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu reactor yoletsa mpweya kumatha kusokoneza momwe zinthu zimachitikira, zomwe zingachititse kuti ammonia ituluke komanso kuwononga chitetezo ndi kukolola. Kulephera kwa makina, kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba pa diaphragm, kapena mphete zotsukira zomwe sizisamalidwa bwino m'makina opanikizika zimawonjezeranso zoopsazi.
Ma transmitter opanikizika omwe ali pamzere amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwunika ndi kuwongolera pa intaneti. Mwa kutumiza nthawi yomweyo kupsinjika kwa reactor ku Distributed Control System (DCS) ya chomera, masensa awa amathandizira kuti makina owongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi azigwira ntchito bwino—kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yeniyeni ku kusintha kwa zinthu ndikukonza momwe zinthu zilili ndi reactor. Kutumiza kolondola komanso nthawi yeniyeni kuchokera kuzipangizo zotumizira kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizira kukonza makina owongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusakhazikika kwa njira, komanso kuthandizira kukonza njira zopangira feteleza wa ammonium nitrate. Lonnmeter ndi opanga ena amayang'ana kwambiri zinthu zodalirika komanso zolondola zoyezera kuti zigwirizane ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a makina otere.
Kuyang'anira bwino kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandiza ogwira ntchito kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'njira za mankhwala, kuonjezera chitetezo cha madzi a ammonia, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mphete yotsukira madzi ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kukonza pamwamba pa diaphragm. Kusintha kumeneku kukuwonetsa zomwe zikuchitika pamakampani opanga feteleza wa mankhwala, chifukwa mafakitale amafuna kuyang'anira kodalirika kwa ma transmitter pa intaneti ndikugula zida kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ndi opanga ma transmitter odalirika a odm pa intaneti.
Kupanikizika kokhazikika kwa reactor kumathandizira kupanga njira yotetezeka komanso yogwira mtima ya ammonium nitrate ndipo kumathandizira kudalirika kwa mzere wonse wopanga feteleza.
Chidule cha Njira Zamakampani
Njira yopangira ammonium nitrate imayang'ana kwambiri pa momwe ammonia yamadzimadzi imagwirira ntchito ndi nitric acid. Ammonia yamadzimadzi imasungidwa pansi pa kupanikizika ndikusungidwa kutentha kochepa kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha nthunzi, pomwe nitric acid yochepetsedwa imasungidwa m'matanki osagwira dzimbiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zowopsa. Ma reactants awiriwa amayesedwa mosamala ndikulowetsedwa mu reactor yochepetsera dzimbiri, komwe amakumana ndi vuto la exothermic kwambiri kuti apange yankho la ammonium nitrate. Kuwongolera molondola kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha reactant ndi kupanikizika mkati mwa reactor yochepetsera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino komanso zokhazikika, makamaka chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha kwa ammonia komanso kuchuluka kwa nitric acid.
Mu makampani opanga feteleza, ammonium nitrate yakhala chinthu chodziwika bwino cha feteleza. Zochitika zaposachedwa zikugogomezera kufalikira kwake, ndipo malo opangira zinthu ku United States akugwira ntchito pafupifupi ammonia yonse kuti akwaniritse kufunikira kwa feteleza.
Kuyenda kwa mafakitale kumayamba ndi kusungidwa bwino kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi nitric acid yochepetsedwa. Machitidwe odyetsera olamulidwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa mu machitidwe olamulira ogawidwa (DCS), amatsimikizira kuti ma reactants amaperekedwa molondola kuti agwire ntchito mosalekeza m'mafakitale a mankhwala. Chigawo chachikulu cha ndondomekoyi—choyambitsa kuletsa—chimadalira kulamulira kolondola kwa kupanikizika, pogwiritsa ntchito ma transmitter opanikizika ndi machitidwe oletsa kupanikizika otsekedwa kuti aziwunika nthawi yeniyeni komanso kuyankha mwachangu ku kusinthasintha kwa kupanikizika. Izi zimachepetsa zoopsa monga kutuluka kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi ndipo zimathandiza kukonza makina owongolera kupanikizika kuti atetezeke komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa chotenthetseracho.
Pambuyo poletsa kusungunuka kwa madzi, yankho la ammonium nitrate limasamutsidwira ku mayunitsi okhuthala, nthawi zambiri ma evaporator, kuti liwonjezere mphamvu ya yankho pamene likuyang'anira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti mudziwe makhalidwe omwe mukufuna pa chinthucho. Masitepe omaliza amaphatikizapo kuuma, komwe ammonium nitrate yokhuthala imapangidwa kukhala ma prills kapena ma granules kudzera mu nsanja za granulation pogwiritsa ntchito mitsinje yozizira ya mpweya. Gawo lililonse—kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi granulation—limafuna kuwongolera mwamphamvu kutentha, mulingo, ndi zina zomwe zimachitika kuti zitsimikizire kuti feteleza wa ammonium nitrate ndi wabwino.
Kuyeza ndi kuwongolera molondola kumathandizira gawo lililonse la ntchito yopanga. Kulondola poyang'anira kuthamanga, kuchuluka, kuchuluka, kukhuthala, mulingo, ndi kutentha kumathandizira ubwino wa chinthu, kukhazikika kwa njira, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino. Zida monga zotumizira kuthamanga kwa ODM pa intaneti, mphete zotsukira kuti zisatseke sensor, komanso kusamalira bwino malo a diaphragm kumathandiza kwambiri.chopatsira kuthamanga pa intanetiKuyang'anira ndi kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse. Ma inline density ndi viscosity mita a Lonnmeter amapereka deta yofunika kwambiri nthawi yeniyeni, yofunika kwambiri powongolera mawonekedwe a yankho panthawi yopanga ndi kukonza njira.
Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira pankhani ya chitetezo ndi izi: chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa pa chitetezo cha ammonia yamadzimadzi, kupewa kutuluka kwa ammonia, ndi kusankha zinthu kuti zipirire dzimbiri la nitric acid. Kulamulira kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mankhwala kumathandizidwa ndi njira zamakono zowongolera, zida zabwino, komanso kukonza bwino. Machitidwewa pamodzi amathandiza kukonza bwino njira yowongolera kuthamanga kwa madzi, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a feteleza wa ammonium nitrate.
Njira Yopangira Ammonium Nitrate
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Udindo wa Inline Instrumentation mu Kukonzekera kwa Njira
Ma transmitter opanikizika omwe ali mkati ndi ofunikira kwambiri popanga ammonium nitrate, makamaka panthawi yoletsa kufalikira kwa mpweya. Amayesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi zonse ndi mphamvu yayikulu, kupereka mayankho nthawi yomweyo ku Distributed Control System (DCS) popanga feteleza. Kuphatikizana kwa digito kumeneku kumathandiza kuti ma transmitter opanikizika aziyang'anira nthawi zonse pa intaneti, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira mwachangu zizindikiro zosazolowereka za mpweya ndikuchitapo kanthu maulendo asanayambe.
Kuyankha kwa DCS mwachangu kumathandiza kupanga zisankho mwachangu komanso kukhazikitsa njira zowongolera. Kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kotheka mwa kusunga nthawi yogwira ntchito, kupewa kukwera kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kungawononge khalidwe la reaction kapena kuyambitsa kutuluka kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi yoopsa. Mwachitsanzo, popanga ammonium nitrate solution, kusunga kupanikizika kosalekeza ndikofunikira kuti madzi ammonia agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino ndipo kumaletsa chiopsezo chotulutsidwa panthawi ya kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ubwino wa makina olamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi otsekedwa umaphatikizapo kusintha kokhazikika kutengera kuwerenga kwa transmitter, kuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa njira ndikuchepetsa kulowererapo kwa dzanja.
Zipangizo zowonjezera zomwe zili mkati mwa mzere zimathandiziranso kukonza bwino njira. Choyezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu mkati mwa mzere chimapereka deta yofunika kwambiri yokhudza reactant ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu munthawi yeniyeni. Zoyezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu mkati mwa mzere wa Lonnmeter zimathandiza kuyang'anira momwe ammonium nitrate imagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kusinthasintha kwa madzi, monga kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa njira kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nitric acid. Zoyezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu mkati mwa mzere zimasunga kuchuluka kwabwino mkati mwa zoyezera, kuonetsetsa kuti zomwe zimachitika popanga ammonium nitrate zimachitika bwino, popanda kudzaza kwambiri kapena kuuma. Zoyezera kutentha zimapereka kuwerenga kolondola kwa kutentha, kofunikira powongolera kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika komanso kusunga chitetezo. Zikaphatikizidwa mkati mwa DCS, zida izi zimapanga njira yonse yowongolera, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yopitilira m'mafakitale a mankhwala.
Ogulitsa ndi opanga ma ODM pressure transmitters pa intaneti amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha momwe mafakitale a feteleza amagwirira ntchito. Amapereka zida zolimba komanso zolondola zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zamakono zopangira feteleza wa ammonium nitrate. Ma pressure transmitters apamwamba, opangidwa ndi zinthu monga ntchito yoyeretsa mphete yosamalira pamwamba pa diaphragm, amathandizira kutsimikiza kulimba ngakhale mankhwala owononga. Thandizo lodalirika la ogulitsa limathandiza mafakitale kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso kutsatira malamulo okhwima achitetezo, makamaka pankhani yokhudza kukonza makina owongolera kuthamanga ndi kupewa kutuluka kwa ammonia m'madzi.
Pankhani yopanga ammonium nitrate, kuphatikiza ukadaulo woyezera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yeniyeni, kuphatikizapo womwe unapangidwa ndi Lonnmeter, kumalimbikitsa kulondola, kumawonjezera kudalirika kwa kupanga, komanso kumathandizira chitetezo cha magwiridwe antchito m'malo ochitira zinthu zamagetsi.
Mavuto Oyesa Kupanikizikain AmmoniumNitchratePkukonzedwa
Kulamulira kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu reactor yoletsa mpweya panthawi yopanga ammonium nitrate kumakumana ndi mavuto osatha. Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya mwachangu komanso kusinthasintha kwa madzi kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa ntchito ndikuyika pachiwopsezo kutuluka kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi yayikulu. Kuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi yeniyeni ndikofunikira kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino, kuonetsetsa kuti reactor ikugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuthandizira kugwira ntchito kosalekeza m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala.
Ma transmitter a Lonnmeter omwe ali mu mzere wa pressure amathetsa mavutowa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa purge ring. Ntchito ya purge ring imateteza pamwamba pa sensa ya diaphragm ku dzimbiri ndi kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika mu yankho la ammonium nitrate. Kapangidwe kameneka kamawonjezera nthawi ya ntchito ya transmitter ndipo kamasunga kulondola kwakukulu, ngakhale atakumana ndi mankhwala amphamvu monga nitric acid yochepetsedwa ndi ammonium nitrate yochuluka. Kusamalira pamwamba pa diaphragm kumathandiza kusunga umphumphu wa muyeso, wofunikira kwambiri poletsa kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mankhwala ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa ammonia m'madzi.
Kukhazikitsa mwanzeru ma transmitter a Lonnmeter pamalo ofunikira kwambiri—monga malo olowera ndi kutuluka kwa reactor ya neutralization, mizere yotumizira ammonia ndi nitric acid, komanso magawo ochulukirapo—kumathandizira kusonkhanitsa deta yonse. Kupanikizika kwa nthawi yeniyeni komwe kumaperekedwa ndi ma transmitter awa kumathandizira kupanga zisankho mwachangu ndikuwonjezera njira yodziyimira yokha ikalumikizidwa ndi Distributed Control Systems (DCS) popanga feteleza. Kuphatikiza kumeneku kumathandizira zinthu zapamwamba monga chiwonetsero cha nthawi yeniyeni, kuyambitsa alamu yokha, ndi kukonza makina oletsa kupanikizika, zomwe pamodzi zimathandizira kukonza njira zopangira feteleza wa ammonium nitrate.
Kupeza ma transmitter opanikizika kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ndi opanga odalirika a ODM pa intaneti kumatsimikizira kudalirika ndi mayankho okonzedwa bwino. Nthawi yotsogolera mwachangu komanso njira zosintha zimathandizira kukwaniritsa zosowa zapadera za malo opangira yankho la ammonium nitrate. Zogulitsa zitha kufotokozedwa kuti zigwirizane ndi momwe zinthu zimakhalira, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikupitilizabe komanso chitetezo m'makampani akuluakulu a feteleza.
Kuyang'ana kwambiri kwa Lonnmeter pa zida zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi—sikukuphatikizapo mapulogalamu ndi zida zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ukadaulo wodzipereka mu ukadaulo woyezera madzi. Ndi makina otumizira mphamvu amenewa, mafakitale opanga mankhwala amapeza njira zowongolera kupanikizika, kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi, komanso kukulitsa kupanga kwa ammonium nitrate kosalekeza.
Malangizo Okhazikitsa ndi Kugwira Ntchito Bwino/Ubwino wa Mtengo
Kukhazikitsa njira zamakono zotumizira mpweya wopanikizika panthawi yonse yopanga ammonium nitrate ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale chitetezo ndi kukonza bwino ntchito. Ma transmitter opanikizika ayenera kuyikidwa pamalo operekera mpweya wochepa komanso otulutsira mpweya, komwe kuyeza kwakukulu kumathandiza kuwongolera momwe zinthu zilili pakati pa nitric acid yochepetsedwa ndi ammonia yamadzimadzi. Kuyang'anira momwe mapaipi amayendera—za ammonia yamadzimadzi, nitric acid yochepetsedwa, ndi yankho la ammonium nitrate—ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kugwira ntchito kosalekeza m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala ndikuthandizira kupanga njira zamakono zoperekera madzi zotchedwa ammonium nitrate.
Mu magawo otsatira a ndondomekoyi, kuphatikizapo kusungirako zinthu kunja kwa malo ndi kuyika feteleza, kuyeza kuthamanga kumalola kulowererapo mwachangu ngati kuthamanga kwa mpweya kusinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yolamulira kuthamanga kwa mpweya ikhale yotsekedwa. Kuzindikira mwachangu ndi kusiyanitsa kutuluka kwa madzi kapena kupanikizika kosatetezeka ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ammonia yamadzimadzi, chifukwa cha poizoni wake wambiri komanso kusasinthasintha kwake. Malo otumizira kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi ofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo cha ammonia yamadzimadzi komanso kupewa kutuluka kwa ammonia yamadzimadzi, kuteteza antchito ndi katundu wawo.
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa ma diaphragm kumawonjezeka pamene ntchito yokonza pamwamba pa diaphragm ndi kuyeretsa mphete zimayikidwa patsogolo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphete yoyeretsa nthawi zonse kumachepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa sensa, kukhazikika kwa kuwerenga, komanso kukulitsa moyo wa chipangizocho. Ma diaphragm ndi mphete zoyeretsa bwino zimaonetsetsa kuti miyeso yake ndi yokhazikika ngakhale pakati pa mitsinje yowononga, makamaka panthawi yoletsa kupanga ammonium nitrate.
Kuyang'anira makina otumizira mphamvu nthawi yeniyeni pa intaneti kumathandiza kuti makina owongolera mphamvu azigwira bwino ntchito ndipo kumathandizira DCS yeniyeni popanga feteleza. Kuphatikizana bwino ndi makina owongolera ogawidwa (DCS) kumathandiza kuti makina owongolera otsekedwa azigwira ntchito nthawi zonse, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, komanso kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu zopangira. Mgwirizanowu umapereka njira zoyezera zomwe makampani opanga feteleza amayesa kuti agwire bwino ntchito, kukulitsa kuwonekera bwino komanso kuthandizira kukonza njira zopangira feteleza wa ammonium nitrate.
Kuti mupeze phindu pamtengo, ogulitsa ndi opanga ma ODM pressure transmitter pa intaneti amalola malo kusankha zida zolimba komanso zosamalitsa. Lonnmeter, monga wopanga wodzipereka wa inline density ndi viscosity meters, sapereka mapulogalamu owongolera kapena owunikira koma amathandizira zida zodalirika zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mosalekeza m'mafakitale a mankhwala. Mapangidwe abwino oyika, kukonza bwino pamwamba pa diaphragm, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphete zotsukira zimatsimikizira zida zokhalitsa komanso zolondola kwambiri - pamapeto pake zimachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito pa tani imodzi ya ammonium nitrate yopangidwa. Njira zowonjezerera zoyika ndi kuphatikiza zimatsegula magwiridwe antchito ena pagawo lililonse, kuyambira pakuchepetsa mpaka kuyika zinthu zomaliza.
Mapeto
Kuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya mkati mwa mpweya ndiko maziko a kupanga ammonium nitrate kotetezeka, kodalirika, komanso kogwira mtima. Kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni momwe mpweya umagwirira ntchito popanga ammonium nitrate kumathandiza kusunga kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kupewa kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi komwe kungasokoneze kugwira ntchito kosalekeza m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala. Kuwunika kodalirika kwa makina otumizira mpweya pa intaneti kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zochitika zoopsa monga kutuluka kwa ammonia m'madzi kapena kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, zonse zofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito ya ammonia m'madzi komanso kuchepetsa nitric acid popanga njira ya ammonium nitrate.
Kuphatikiza njira zamakono monga ma Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters mu closed loop pressure control system kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa njira. Ma transmitters awa amathandizira kukonza njira mwa kupereka deta yolondola mwachindunji ku DCS popanga feteleza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira za feteleza wa ammonium nitrate zipitirire. Njirayi sikuti imangoteteza chitetezo cha zomera, komanso imawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama mwa kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kukonza bwino njira zowongolera kuthamanga kwa madzi - zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pothana ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani opanga feteleza.
Kusamalira bwino zinthu monga malo a diaphragm ndi ntchito ya mphete yotsukira kumaonetsetsa kuti zidazo ndi zolondola komanso zimawonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Mwa kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kupanikizika, zida zamakono zimathandiza mwachindunji kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa kupanikizika kwa mankhwala ndikutsatira njira zabwino zopangira ammonium nitrate.
Akatswiri amakampani akulimbikitsidwa kupempha mtengo ndikufufuza mayankho a zida zogwirira ntchito bwino kuchokera kwa ogulitsa otsogola otsogola a ODM pa intaneti. Kusintha kwa ukadaulo wodalirika monga zinthu za Lonnmeter kumathandizira malo kuti azigwira ntchito modalirika, kulimbitsa chitetezo, komanso kukwaniritsa kusintha kosalekeza pakupanga ammonium nitrate.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)
Kodi ubwino wa njira yowongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi yotsekedwa ndi chiyani popanga ammonium nitrate?
Dongosolo loletsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya lotsekedwa limakhazikitsa njira yochepetsera kupanga kwa ammonium nitrate mwa kusintha zokha magawo a njira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera zogawidwa (DCS). Kuyankha mwachangu kumeneku kumaletsa kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, komwe kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kutuluka kwa madzi oopsa a ammonia. Kupanikizika kosalekeza kumasunganso mtundu wa ammonium nitrate wabwino komanso kumathandizira kugwira ntchito kosalekeza m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso chitetezo cha njira yonse.
Kodi ma inline pressure transmitters ayenera kuyikidwa kuti m'mafakitale opanga ammonium nitrate?
Malo abwino kwambiri oyikamo zinthu ndi monga malo odyetsera ndi malo otulutsira madzi a reactor, malo olowera ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi nitric acid yochepetsedwa, komanso pamlingo wofunikira kwambiri popanga yankho la ammonium nitrate. Malo awa amatsimikizira kuzindikira kolimba komanso nthawi yeniyeni kwa zolakwika. Ndi kuyika kolondola, DCS popanga feteleza imatha kuzindikira zinthu zosazolowereka mwachangu, kukulitsa kuwongolera njira yonse ndikuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa njira kapena zoopsa zachilengedwe.
Kodi mphete zotsukira zimateteza bwanji pamwamba pa diaphragm mu makina otumizira mphamvu?
Mphete zotsukira zimathandiza kuyeretsa bwino ndikuchepetsa kusonkhana kwa zinthu zolimba kapena zinthu zowononga pamwamba pa diaphragm ya chotumizira. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa kukonza ndi kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yayitali, makamaka m'malo ovuta omwe amapangidwa ndi feteleza wa ammonium nitrate. Mwa kusunga diaphragm yoyera komanso yosasinthika, mphete zotsukira zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti chotumizira chothamanga chikuyang'aniridwa bwino komanso molondola pa intaneti, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito yosakonzekera yokhudzana ndi kulephera kwa zida.
N’chifukwa chiyani chitetezo cha kugwiritsa ntchito ammonia yamadzimadzi n’chofunika kwambiri, ndipo kodi zotumizira mphamvu zingathandize bwanji?
Ammonia yamadzimadzi ndi yoopsa komanso yosasinthasintha kwambiri. Kupanikizika kosalamulirika kungayambitse kutulutsidwa koopsa. Ma transmitter othamanga mkati ndi ofunikira kuti pakhale chitetezo: amapereka kuyang'anira nthawi zonse ndipo nthawi yomweyo amazindikira zolakwika pa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kupanikizika kukapitirira malo omwe adakhazikitsidwa, ma alarm ndi kuzimitsa kwadzidzidzi kumayambitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutuluka kapena kutuluka kwa madzi. Kuyankha kumeneku nthawi yeniyeni sikuti kumangotsatira miyezo yachitetezo cha ammonia yamadzimadzi komanso kumateteza antchito ndi malo onse kuti asavulale.
Kodi zida zolumikizirana mkati mwa mzere zimagwira ntchito yanji pamodzi ndi zotumizira mphamvu?
Pamodzi ndi zotumizira mphamvu, zida zolumikizirana monga zoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya, zoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya, zoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya (kuphatikizapo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi Lonnmeter), zotumizira za level, ndi zotumizira kutentha zimapereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha digito cha momwe zinthu zilili. Kuphatikiza apo, zipangizozi zimathandiza kukonza makina owongolera kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kuthandizira ubwino wa makina otsekedwa, komanso kuthandizira kukonza njira zopangira ammonium nitrate. Mwachitsanzo, zoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi zoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya zimathandiza kuwongolera kusakanikirana kwa mpweya, kuonetsetsa kuti njira yochepetsera mpweya imakhalabe mkati mwa magawo omwe amafunidwa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino komanso kuti ntchito ikhale yotetezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-15-2026
