Ma transmitter othamanga mkati mwa mzere ndi ofunikira pakupanga feteleza wa phosphate wotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima, makamaka m'zomera za phosphoric acid zonyowa. Amapereka deta yodalirika komanso yeniyeni ya kuthamanga kwa madzi m'mapaipi a sulfuric acid osungunuka ndi zinthu zowononga, olimbana ndi dzimbiri, zolimba, ndi kugwedezeka ndi mapangidwe olimba komanso osakonzedwa bwino. Kuwunika kolondola kumaletsa kupsinjika kosatetezeka, kumayambitsa ma alarm kapena kuzimitsa kuti azitha kuyang'anira mpweya woopsa, komanso kupewa kukwera kwa madzi komwe kungawononge zida kapena kuyambitsa kutulutsa. Kusefa kwapamwamba kumatsimikizira kuwerengedwa kokhazikika ngakhale phokoso la njira, kuthandizira kuyenda kwa asidi nthawi zonse komanso kutulutsa kwabwino kwambiri.
Chidule cha Njira Zofunikira Zamakampani mu Zomera za Fodya wa Phosphate
Mafakitale opangira feteleza a phosphate amagwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira phosphoric acid yonyowa. Munjira iyi, phosphate ore yophwanyidwa bwino imasakanizidwa ndi sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa. Njira yopangira acid iyi imatulutsa phosphoric acid ndikupanga calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) ngati chinthu choyamba chopangidwa. Izi zimachitika pamene sulfuric acid ikuukira mchere wa phosphate, ndikutulutsa phosphoric acid mu gawo lamadzimadzi. 95% ya miyala ya phosphate ku United States imadya njira iyi, zomwe zikuwonetsa udindo wake ngati msana wamakampani popanga zinthu zofunika monga monoammonium phosphate ndi calcium superphosphate feteleza.
Kuchita bwino kwa kupanga phosphoric acid m'mafakitale kumadalira njira zolimba zopangira phosphate ore. Kulekanitsa bwino solid-liquid ndikofunikira kuti pakhale phindu lalikulu la P2O5 (phosphorus pentoxide). Ma process parameter monga ore fineness, reaction temperature, ndi controlled sulfuric acid dosing ziyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa zolekerera zochepa kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu yosinthira pomwe zikuchepetsa kupanga zinthu zina zosafunikira. Kusasinthasintha mu njira izi kumakhudza mwachindunji njira zoyambira.
Kusamalira ndi Kusamalira Sulfuric Acid ndi Zogulitsa Zina
Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito sulfuric acid popanga phosphoric acid kuyenera kulamulidwa bwino. Kuyeza molondola komanso kugawa mofanana kumathandiza kuti phosphoric acid ibereke bwino ndikuchepetsa miyala yosakhudzidwa. Ngati ikuyang'aniridwa bwino, kuyenda kwa sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa kumathandizanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mvula ya gypsum. Kugwedezeka kwambiri kapena kuwonjezera asidi wosagwirizana kungayambitse kudzaza kwa malo, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa makristalo mwachangu komanso kutsekeka kwa mapaipi kapena zida.
Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni kayendedwe ka zinthu zofunika ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kutsekeka kwa utsi pakupanga phosphoric acid. Njira zoyezera ndi kulamulira zapamwamba zimathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kusokonezeka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zina ziyende bwino. Mwachitsanzo, njira zoyendetsedwa bwino zimathandiza kupanga makristalo a gypsum osefedwa, omwe amachepetsa kulekanitsa kwa madzi olimba komanso kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa ntchito. Kusamala kumeneku pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale kupanga bwino komanso kusunga malamulo oyendetsera zinyalala.
Njira Zopangira Feteleza
Pambuyo pa acidlysis ndi kusefedwa koyamba, phosphoric acid imagwira ntchito ngati chomangira kupanga feteleza m'mafakitale a feteleza a phosphate. Kupanga feteleza wa Monoammonium phosphate ndi calcium superphosphate kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwa ma reactants. Pa monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid yonyowa imagwirizana ndi ammonia pansi pa mikhalidwe yolamulidwa. Mu njira ya calcium superphosphate, sulfuric acid ndi phosphate rock zimagwirizanitsidwa kuti zipange feteleza wosakaniza wokhala ndi phosphorous yosungunuka kwambiri.
Kuyang'anira bwino zinthuzi kumafuna kuyang'anira bwino kayendedwe ka asidi ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi olimba. Kuwongolera koteroko kumachepetsa zotsatira zoyipa ndikukweza ubwino wa feteleza. Kuyang'anira bwino zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) kumakhalabe kofunika kwambiri; kusonkhanitsa kapena kulekanitsa kosayenera kungayambitse mavuto pa ntchito yonse ya chomera. Mwa kukonza bwino gawo lililonse—kuyambira njira zoyambira zopangira phosphate ore mpaka kasamalidwe ka zinthu zina—zomera zimakulitsa kutulutsa kwa zinthu, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso kuthandizira kukonza zida zawo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Njira zochepetsera kusweka ndi kuchepetsa kuyeretsa, pamodzi ndi kusintha kwa kukhazikika kwa kuyeza kwa ntchito zamafakitale, zimathandizira kukonza bwino nthawi yosamalira. Njira zabwino izi zogwirira ntchito za feteleza wa phosphate zimathandiza kupewa mavuto obwerezabwereza ndikusunga bwino mpweya ndi asidi m'malo onse opangira.
Kuthana ndi Mavuto Ogwira Ntchito Poyesa Kupanikizika Kwapakati
Kutsekeka kwa Uve ndi Kusokoneza kwa Mphepo
Mu njira yopangira phosphoric acid, makamaka popanga phosphoric acid yonyowa, mapaipi onyamula sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa ndi phosphate slurry amakumana ndi mavuto akulu chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa. Njira zopangira phosphate ore nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa tinthu tosasungunuka, zomwe zimasonkhanitsa ndikupangitsa kuti mapaipi azitsekeka pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinyalalazi komanso kusakanikirana kwa asidi ndi slurry kumawonjezera kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwerenga kosakhazikika komanso kuimitsa kupanga kosakonzekera.
Ma transmitter olondola kwambiri omwe ali mkati mwa makina amazindikira ngakhale zolakwika zazing'ono za kupanikizika nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kutsekeka kwa zinyalala pachiyambi. Kuzindikira mwachangu kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kutsekeka kwa zinyalala popanga phosphoric acid ndipo kumachepetsa mwayi woti zinthu zisokonezeke. Kuphatikiza ma transmitter apamwamba kumathandizira kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi zotsatira za kusokonezeka kwa chisokonezo pakukonza mankhwala, kusunga umphumphu wa muyeso ngakhale kuti zinthu sizikuyenda bwino.
Feteleza wa Phosphate
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Kukonza Mafupipafupi ndi Kukonza Bwino
Malo ovuta a mankhwala—monga omwe amapezeka popanga feteleza wa monoammonium phosphate kapena kupanga feteleza wa calcium superphosphate—amafulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa masensa ndi zida zolumikizira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zoyeretsa zisamayende bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zokonza ziwonjezeke komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito ziwonjezeke. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi manja pokonza kapena kuzikonza kumaikanso antchito pamalo oopsa a mankhwala.
Ma transmitter othamanga omwe ali mu mzere, opangidwa kuti asagwiritse ntchito mankhwala komanso kuti atseke mwamphamvu, amapereka njira zosamalira zida zopangira phosphoric acid kwa nthawi yayitali. Deta yodalirika komanso yeniyeni yokhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi imachepetsa kufunika kochotsa zinthu nthawi zambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyeretsa kutengera njira zodziwira matenda, mogwirizana ndi njira zochotsera zinthu nthawi zambiri komanso kuchepetsa kuyeretsa. Pakapita nthawi, kukonza kumeneku kumathandiza kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kukonza ndikuthandizira njira zabwino komanso zotsika mtengo zogwirira ntchito za feteleza wa phosphate.
Kukhazikika kwa Muyeso ndi Kugwira Ntchito Mwachangu
Kupanga kwa phosphoric acid m'mafakitale kumadalira magwiridwe antchito a sensa nthawi zonse. Kuyeza kokhazikika komanso kolondola kwa kuthamanga ndikofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira bwino njira ya acidolysis popanga phosphoric acid. Pophatikizidwa ndi inline concentration, density, viscosity, level, ndi temperature meters—monga zomwe Lonnmeter imachitira—zotumiza mphamvu zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira mbali iliyonse ya process fluid.
Zipangizo zambirizi zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira chowunikira momwe ntchito ikuyendera bwino popanga phosphoric acid. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwa deta kumatha kuwonetsa zizindikiro zoyambirira za kupangika kwa sikelo kapena kutsekeka pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zowunikira. Machitidwe ophatikizidwa oterewa amawonjezera mwachindunji zokolola, kusunga kasamalidwe koyenera ka calcium sulfate dihydrate gypsum, ndikukonza bwino ntchito zopangira phosphoric acid pogwiritsa ntchito njira yonyowa.
Kuonetsetsa Chitetezo Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu Zoopsa
Chitetezo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa magawo onse a ntchito za mafakitale chifukwa cha momwe mpweya woyaka ndi wophulika umagwirira ntchito, makamaka panthawi yotumiza asidi. Kukwera kwa mphamvu kosalamulirika kungayambitse kulephera kwa mapaipi, kutulutsa mpweya woopsa, kapena kuphulika. Masensa ozungulira, makamaka ma transmitter a Lonnmeter, amapanga mzere woyamba wodzitetezera ku zoopsa izi.
Pokhala ndi luso lozindikira mwachangu komanso ntchito zodalirika zozimitsa moto zomwe zimayambitsa ma alarm, ma transmitter awa amatumiza nthawi yomweyo zovuta za kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Izi zimathandiza kuti njira zozimitsa moto nthawi yomweyo ziyambe kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti mpweya woyaka ndi wophulika m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala ugwire bwino ntchito. Kukhazikitsa kuwunika kwamphamvu komanso nthawi yeniyeni ndikofunikira kuti titeteze zomangamanga za ogwira ntchito komanso mafakitale panthawi yogwira ntchito ya feteleza wa phosphate.
Ma Transmitter Opanikizika a Lonnmeter: Ubwino wa Zamalonda ndi Mayankho
Ma transmitter a Lonnmeter omwe ali mu mzere wa pressure amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za kupanga phosphoric acid m'mafakitale, zomwe zimapirira mikhalidwe yovuta yomwe imapezeka m'mafakitale a feteleza a phosphate. Kapangidwe kake kolimba ka diaphragm ndi zinthu zonyowa zimapangidwa makamaka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndi sulfuric acid, yomwe ndi reagent yodziwika bwino popanga phosphoric acid, komanso kuti zipirire kusinthasintha kwa njira yoyezera pafupipafupi popanda kutaya kukhazikika kwa muyeso.
Ndi njira zodziwonera zokha, ma transmitter awa amawunika thanzi lawo nthawi zonse, kupereka zotsatira zenizeni za digito. Mphamvu imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pothana ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri popanga phosphoric acid, komwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta phosphate ndi zinthu zina monga calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) nthawi zambiri timadziunjikira. Kuzindikira mwachangu zochitika zotere zotsekeka kumathandiza kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa njira, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukonza bwino njira yonse ndikusunga njira zabwino zogwirira ntchito za feteleza wa phosphate.
Ma transmitter awa amapereka miyeso yolondola, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi madzi owononga kwambiri kapena owononga, monga momwe zimapezekera panthawi ya acidolysis mu njira zopangira phosphate ore. Zipangizo zawo zapamwamba zomangira zimathandiza kusamalira zida zofunika kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchepetsa kufunikira kochotsa ndi kuyeretsa pafupipafupi - malo opweteka omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zotsatira za kusokonezeka kwa turbulence pakukonza mankhwala. Kuchepetsa kumeneku kwa chithandizo chamanja kumathandiza mwachindunji kukonza pafupipafupi kwa zomera za feteleza ndikuchepetsa ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito.
Kugwirizanitsa ma transmitter a Lonnmeter ndi zida zothandizira—monga kuchuluka kwa mkati, kuchulukana, kukhuthala, mulingo, ndi kutentha—kumapanga njira yowunikira yogwirizana, yoyendetsedwa ndi deta. Netiweki yogwirizana iyi imalola kuzindikira msanga zinthu zosazolowereka, monga kukwera kwa kuthamanga kapena kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake, zomwe zingayambitse zoopsa zachitetezo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika. Njirayi imawonjezera kupewa kutsekeka kwa utsi mu kupanga phosphoric acid, imakulitsa kugawa kwa zinthu, komanso imalola kuyang'anira bwino zinthu zina monga gypsum, kuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kupanga feteleza wa calcium superphosphate ndi monoammonium phosphate.
Kudzera mu kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni komanso kuthetsa mavuto, ma Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters amathetsa mavuto apadera a kugwiritsa ntchito sulfuric acid pang'onopang'ono popanga phosphoric acid. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumathandizira kuti mpweya woyaka ndi wophulika ugwire bwino ntchito komanso motetezeka, kupereka chidziwitso chogwira ntchito, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti kuyeza kwake kukuyenda bwino ngakhale m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Malo Oyenera Kuyika ndi Ubwino Wogwirira Ntchito
Ma transmitter opanikizika mkati ayenera kuyikidwa mwanzeru pamalo ofunikira panthawi yonse yopanga phosphoric acid. Mu zomera za feteleza wa phosphate, malo ofunikira awa ndi mzere wothira sulfuric acid, chosakanizira cha reaction, ndi madera otulutsa gypsum. Malo aliwonse amakhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito—kuyambira kutumizidwa kwa chakudya nthawi zonse mpaka kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso kulekanitsa matope ovuta—kofunikira kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi yeniyeni kuti ayang'anire bwino kupanga.
Kuchuluka kwa zinthu m'malo ofunikira kwambiri n'kofunika kwambiri pamalo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zinthu zodetsa—monga ma bend, mixer, ndi mapaipi opapatiza—ndi malo omwe nthawi zambiri amatsekeka, makamaka panthawi yopanga phosphoric acid yonyowa komanso kupanga feteleza wa calcium superphosphate. Mwa kukhazikitsa masensa ofananira m'malo awa, magulu ogwira ntchito amatha kuzindikira kusagwirizana chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa malo kapena kusokonezeka kwa turbulence, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyeza kukhale bwino ngakhale pamene zinthu zogwirira ntchito zikusintha kapena zinthu zolimba ziyamba kukhazikika.
Kuti muwongolere kulondola kwa njira, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira pafupi. Ma transmitter olowera mkati mwa mzere kuti azitha kukhuthala, kuchulukana (kuphatikiza zida za Lonnmeter), kukhuthala, kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndi kutentha ziyenera kulumikizidwa mkati mwa njira yomweyo ya mankhwala. Makonzedwe awa amalola kutsimikizika kwa magawo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya acidolysis popanga feteleza wa monoammonium phosphate, kupanikizika koyerekeza ndi kuchulukana ndi kuwerengera kuchulukana kumathandiza kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za kusokonezeka kwa njira kapena kusungunuka kwa madzi musanayambe kukhuthala kwa gypsum precipitation.
Kukonza bwino kapangidwe kameneka kowunikira kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu pakugwira ntchito. Kuyika bwino ndi kuchulukitsa kwa ntchito kumathandiza mwachindunji kupewa kutsekeka kwa zinyalala pakupanga phosphoric acid, kuchepetsa kulephera koyambitsidwa ndi chisokonezo, ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kochotsa ndi kuyeretsa pafupipafupi. Kuchepa kwa nthawi yosamalira, kuthandiza kupewa kusokonezeka kwa ntchito zodula ndikuwonjezera moyo wa zida zofunika. Kutsimikizika kophatikizidwa pakati pa kupanikizika, kuchulukana, ndi kutentha kumapangitsa kuti kuthetsa mavuto apamwamba a kutsekeka kwa zinyalala kukhale kothandiza kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo—makamaka pamene sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa ndi mpweya wophulika ikukhudzidwa. Zomera zimapeza ndalama zochepa zogwirira ntchito ndipo zimakwaniritsa njira zabwino kwambiri pantchito za feteleza wa phosphate. Kuwoneka bwino kwa njira kumathandizira kukonza kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukonza magwiridwe antchito poyang'anira zinthu za calcium sulfate dihydrate gypsum ndi magawo onse opanga phosphoric acid m'mafakitale.
Kutsiliza: Kukulitsa Kuchita Bwino ndi Chitetezo pa Kupanga Phosphoric Acid
Kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi yeniyeni ndikofunikira kwambiri pa mafakitale a feteleza wa phosphate omwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zake zili bwino mkati mwa njira yopangira phosphoric acid. Kukhazikitsa ma transmitter apamwamba opanikizika—kuphatikizapo omwe adapangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi Lonnmeter—kumalola kusonkhanitsa deta mosalekeza panthawi yonse yopangira phosphoric acid yonyowa komanso njira zina zofananira monga kupanga feteleza wa monoammonium phosphate ndi kupanga feteleza wa calcium superphosphate. Kuwerenga kolondola komanso kokhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumathandiza magulu owongolera njira kuti ayankhe nthawi yomweyo pazinthu zosazolowereka, makamaka zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa mu acidolysis kapena pogwira ntchito ndi mpweya woyaka komanso wophulika.
Ma transmitter a Lonnmeter omwe ali mu mzere wa pressure amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza pafupipafupi kukonza ndikuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito. Mwa kupereka deta yodalirika komanso yolondola, ma transmitter awa amathandizira njira zomwe zimachepetsa kufunikira kochotsa ndi kuyeretsa pafupipafupi, ngakhale pakakhala zovuta chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa zinyalala, kusokonezeka kwa turbulence, ndi kukula kuchokera ku calcium sulfate dihydrate dihydrate gypsum byproducts. Kukhazikika kwa kuyeza m'malo onse opanga phosphoric acid m'mafakitale kumathandizira kuti zida zikhale ndi moyo wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Kuphatikiza masensa othamanga nthawi yeniyeni mwachindunji mkati mwa malo ofunikira kwambiri a payipi kumathandiza ogwira ntchito kusunga malamulo okhwima ndi zofunikira za malamulo. Ogwira ntchito m'malo ogwirira ntchito amatetezedwa kudzera mu luso lozindikira ndi kuyankha moyenera—zofunika kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi zinthu zoopsa kapena zowononga kwambiri. Kutsatira njira zabwino kwambiri panthawi yokonza phosphate ore ndi kuyang'anira njira sikuti kumangothandiza kuti ntchito iyende bwino komanso kumawonjezera kukonzekera kukonza kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zida zofunika.
Pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito ma Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters apamwamba panthawi yonse ya acidolysis kumapatsa mphamvu ogwiritsa ntchito kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa mwachangu. Kumaonetsetsa kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino mosasamala kanthu za kusokonezeka, kumathandizira kuti zinthu ziyende bwino, komanso kumathandiza zomera za feteleza wa phosphate kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwa ntchito popanda kuwononga chitetezo kapena kukhulupirika kwa njira.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
1. Kodi kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi yeniyeni kumathandiza bwanji kupewa kutsekeka kwa mpweya m'thupi pakupanga phosphoric acid?
Kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya nthawi yeniyeni kumapereka chithunzithunzi cha momwe kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumayendera mkati mwa mapaipi a sulfuric acid omwe amasungunuka panthawi yopanga phosphoric acid yonyowa. Kukwera kosazolowereka kapena kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumasonyeza kusonkhana koyambirira kwa zinyalala monga matope a phosphate kapena makristalo a gypsum, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mpweya ndipo ndi zinthu zomwe zimatsekeka nthawi zambiri. Mwa kuwunikanso deta yopitilira ya kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzindikira zovuta izi posachedwa, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti atulutse kapena kuchiza magawo omwe akhudzidwa ndi mankhwala. Njira yolunjika iyi imaletsa kutsekeka kwakukulu, imachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutsekedwa kwa zomera, komanso imathandizira kuyang'anira zinyalala poyerekeza ndi kuyang'aniridwa kosayankha komanso nthawi ndi nthawi ndi manja. Mwachitsanzo, kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa mpweya m'mwamba mwa valavu yowongolera nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kutayika komwe kukubwera, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti apewe kutsekeka kwa calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum).
2. N’chifukwa chiyani kukhazikika kwa transmitter ya pressure inline n’kofunika kwambiri m’mapaipi a sulfuric acid osungunuka?
Kuwerengera kokhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga asidi molondola komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika popanga phosphoric acid m'mafakitale. Kusakhazikika pakuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya kungayambitse kuchepa kwa asidi kapena kupitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asidi asagwiritsidwe bwino, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa phosphate ore, kapena kupanga feteleza wa monoammonium phosphate ndi calcium superphosphate popanda spec. Kusakhazikika kungasokonezenso chitetezo cha mpweya; kusinthasintha kwa mpweya kungaonekere mpaka kungayambitse kutayikira kwa madzi kapena kutopa kwa zipangizo. Kusungabe muyezo wokhazikika wa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa mpweya, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala, kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali kwa zipangizo, komanso kusamalira bwino mpweya woyaka ndi wophulika m'mafakitale a mankhwala.
3. Kodi kuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'nthaka kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa phosphate m'mafakitale?
Ma transmitter olondola komanso odalirika omwe ali mkati amathandizira kukonza pafupipafupi pochepetsa kudalira kuwononga nthawi ndi nthawi komanso kuyeretsa. Amathandizira njira zokonzeratu zodziwiratu kutengera deta yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito m'malo mwa nthawi yokhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kuwerengera kwa kuthamanga kumakhala mkati mwa nthawi yoyenera, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyimitsa kuwunika kosafunikira, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kuwonekera kosafunikira ku malo oopsa a asidi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa mafakitale opangira feteleza a phosphate omwe akufuna kukonza zida zopangira phosphoric acid kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa amachepetsa ndalama komanso kusokonezeka kuchokera pakuyeretsa kwanthawi zonse pamanja.
4. Kodi ma transmitter othamanga omwe ali mu mzere ayenera kuyikidwa kuti m'mapaipi a sulfuric acid?
Malo okhazikitsira ma transmitter opanikizika mkati ayenera kusankhidwa poganizira kwambiri kufunika kwa njira ndi chiopsezo cha kutsekeka. Malo ofunikira ndi monga malo odyetsera mapaipi ndi malo otulutsira madzi—kumene kuchuluka kwa madzi kukuyembekezeka kusintha—komanso pafupi ndi madera ozungulira omwe amafulumizitsa mvula yodetsedwa. Kuyika ma transmitter musanayambe komanso mutatha ma valve owongolera ofunikira kumalola kuyang'anira kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kupeza malo otsekeka kapena kuzindikira kuyenda kosazolowereka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupangika kwa gypsum koyambirira. Njira zabwino izi zogwirira ntchito za feteleza wa phosphate zimathandiza kupitiliza kuyang'anira magwiridwe antchito komanso chitetezo cha njira.
5. Ndi zida zina ziti zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi ma transmitter opanikizika popanga phosphoric acid yonyowa?
Njira yolumikizira zida zambiri imaphatikiza ma transmitter opanikizika ndi masensa okhala ndi mzere wozama, kuchulukana, kukhuthala, mulingo, ndi kutentha. Kukhazikitsa kwa magawo ambiri kumeneku kumathandizira kuwongolera njira, zomwe zimathandiza kusintha kolondola pagawo lililonse—monga kulamulira kolimba panthawi yopereka asidi kapena kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni kasamalidwe ka calcium sulfate dihydrate. Mwachitsanzo, ma inline density ndi viscosity mita a Lonnmeter amapereka deta yofunika kwambiri pa kukhazikika kwa slurry, zomwe zimathandizira machitidwe opanikizika kuti athetse mavuto apamwamba a kutsekeka kwa zinyalala. Zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi, zida izi zimapanga dongosolo lonse lomwe limakulitsa kudalirika kwa njira, chitetezo chogwira ntchito, komanso kupanga feteleza wa monoammonium phosphate wopindulitsa kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-14-2026
