Phosphate slurry ndi chisakanizo chochuluka cha miyala ya phosphate yophwanyika bwino yomwe imayikidwa m'madzi. Ndi yofunika kwambiri pakupanga migodi ndi feteleza, makamaka ponyamula zinthu zopangira kuchokera ku migodi kupita ku mafakitale opangira zinthu komanso popanga phosphoric acid. Chifukwa cha phindu lake lachuma komanso chilengedwe, mayendedwe abwino a phosphate slurry amathandizira kwambiri ntchito yopereka zinthu m'magawo akuluakulu a ulimi ndi mafakitale.
Kutumiza kwa phosphate slurry nthawi zambiri kumachitika kudzera m'mapaipi, komwe kugwira ntchito bwino, chitetezo, ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri. Komabe, mawonekedwe apadera a phosphate slurry amabweretsa zovuta zazikulu. Khalidwe lake losakhala la Newtonian, lochepetsa kudulidwa kwa slurry limatanthauza kuti kukhuthala ndi makhalidwe a kayendedwe ka madzi zimasinthasintha mosiyanasiyana, kutengera kuchuluka kolimba, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala. Kulemera kwakukulu kolimba kumatha kukweza kukhuthala ndi kupsinjika kwa zipatso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunyamula mapaipi kukhale kosavuta kufunikira mphamvu zambiri, kuyenda kosayembekezereka, komanso chiopsezo chotsekedwa kapena kukhazikika.
Zofunikira pa Khalidwe la Phosphate Slurry
Kapangidwe ndi Katundu Wathupi
Phosphate slurry imapangidwa ndi phosphate odulidwa bwino omwe amapachikidwa mumadzimadzi onyamulira, nthawi zambiri madzi. Chosakanizacho nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zowonjezera za mankhwala monga ma flotation reagents, pH modifiers, kapena mankhwala ena opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za ubwino. Zinthu zitatu zazikulu - tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa, madzi onyamulira, ndi zowonjezera - zimalamulira momwe slurry imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito.
Kukonza Mwala wa Phosphate
*
Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono n'kofunika kwambiri. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timawonjezera malo pamwamba, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala komanso kukhuthala kwa matope. Pamene kufalikira kwa kukula kwa tinthu tating'ono ...
Kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumatsimikiza momwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timagwirizanirana. Kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumawonjezera kukhuthala kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kupsinjika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda bwino kuchokera ku zinthu zapulasitiki (zochepa) kupita ku zinthu zapulasitiki za Bingham kapena ngakhale zinthu za Newtonian zomwe sizili za Newtonian. Kugwirizana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza kayendedwe ka matope - kuwongolera zinthu ziwirizi kumathandiza kuti payipi iyende bwino, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kuwonongeka kwa makina.
Kapangidwe ka thupi monga kukhuthala ndi kuchulukana kwa madzi kamapanga magawo ofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa payipi. Kukhuthala kwa madzi kumatanthauza kukana kuyenda kwa madzi, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji zofunikira pakupopa madzi. Kukhuthala kwa madzi, komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kolimba ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kumapanga mawonekedwe a kuthamanga kwa madzi ndikuwongolera kuthekera kwa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ndi zochitika zokhazikika. Mamita okhuthala a pa intaneti, mamita okhuthala amadzimadzi a pa intaneti, ndi njira zolondola zoyezera kukhuthala kwa madzi ndizofunikira kuti ziwunikire nthawi yeniyeni komanso kuwongolera njira, kuthandizira njira zonse ziwiri zopewera kutsekeka kwa mapaipi komanso njira zopewera kutsekeka kwa madzi.
Zotsatira za Slurry Rheology pa Kukonza
Ma phosphate slurries nthawi zambiri amasonyeza khalidwe losakhala la Newtonian. Kukhuthala kwawo sikokhazikika; zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kumeta tsitsi komwe kwagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ambiri amasonyeza makhalidwe a pulasitiki ya Bingham kapena ya yield-pseudoplastic. Mwachidule, kuyenda kumayamba pokhapokha ngati kupsinjika kwa malire (kuchuluka kwa phindu) kwadutsa; pambuyo pa izi, kukhuthala kumachepa mofulumira ndi kuchuluka kwa kumeta tsitsi.
Chikhalidwe chosakhala cha Newtonian chili ndi zotsatira zake mwachindunji pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kapangidwe ka dongosolo:
- Kutsika kwa Kupanikizika:Kukhuthala kwakukulu ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola kumawonjezera kutsika kwa kupanikizika komwe kumafunika pa liwiro loperekedwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zambiri zimafunika kuti kuyenda kukhale koyenera, makamaka pa liwiro lotsika kapena ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamphamvu. Zitsanzo zamasamu monga lamulo la Herschel-Bulkley, Bingham, kapena Ostwald-Power nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulosera khalidweli ndikudziwitsa kukula kwa makina.
- Kugwira Ntchito kwa Paipi:Pamene kukhuthala ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola zikukwera kupitirira malire ena (chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kukula kwa tinthu kapena kuchuluka kwa tinthu), chiopsezo cha kuyimitsidwa kwa madzi, kutsekeka kwa mapaipi, kapena kukhazikika kwadzidzidzi kumawonjezeka. Kuwongolera bwino kukula kwa tinthu ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi, komanso kuyang'anira kukhuthala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi nthawi yeniyeni pogwiritsa ntchito mayankho ochokera kuopanga mita yocheperako pa intanetimonga Lonnmeter, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti ntchito ikhale yodalirika.
- Kukonza Mayendedwe:Khalidwe lochepetsa kumeta tsitsi (pseudoplastic) limathandiza kupopa madzi chifukwa kukhuthala kumatsika kwambiri pamlingo wodula. Khalidweli limalola kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa panthawi yoyendetsa mapaipi mokhazikika, bola ngati kuchuluka kwa kumeta tsitsi kogwira ntchito kukugwirizana bwino ndi mawonekedwe a matope.
- Kapangidwe ka Reactor:Mu desulfurization ndi dephosphorization, non-Newtonian rheology imakhudza kusakaniza kwa reactor, kusamutsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu, ndi kugawa nthawi yogona. Kuwoneka bwino kwa viscosity ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola kumawongolera mphamvu yosakanikirana yomwe imafunika komanso mphamvu ya zochita za mankhwala olimba ndi amadzimadzi mu reactor.
Zotsatira zenizeni zimadalira mawonekedwe enieni a rheological. Zipangizo monga rotational rheometry, rotary viscometers, ndi CFD models zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma flow models olondola. Mayeso a labotale ndi mafakitale a multi-loop pipeline amatsimikizira momwe zinthu zilili, kutsogolera njira zogwirira ntchito kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina. Mayankho oyesera nthawi yeniyeni, monga online viscosity meters ndi suspended particles size measurement, amathandizira njira zowongolera mphamvu—zothandiza kupewa mavuto monga slurry set ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito onse a slurry transport m'mapaipi a mafakitale.
Mwachidule, makhalidwe a phosphate slurry—makamaka omwe amalamulidwa kudzera mu mgwirizano wa tinthu tomwe timayimitsidwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu, zowonjezera, ndi gawo lamadzimadzi—amatanthauzira momwe mayendedwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe njira zimagwirira ntchito. Kulamulira tinthu tomwe timayimitsidwa mu slurry, kuyang'anira kukula kwa tinthu, komanso kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukweza kuyenda kwa mapaipi, kupewa kukhazikika, komanso kukonza mayendedwe a slurry kuti zinthu ziyende bwino m'mafakitale.
Kuchotsa sulfurization ndi Dephosphorization ndi Phosphate Slurry
Mfundo Zokhudza Njira
Kuchotsa sulfurndi njira zochotsera phosphorization pogwiritsa ntchito phosphate slurry zimagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo za gas-liquid-solid phase absorption reactions mu wet reactors.Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)Mu mpweya wa flue wa mafakitale, mpweya umasungunuka koyamba mu gawo lamadzimadzi la phosphate slurry. Pamenepo, umakumana mwachangu ndi ma phosphate ion ndi madzi, ndikupanga phosphoric acid ndi zinthu zolimba, komanso zimathandiza kuti phosphorous ibwezeretsedwe. Njira zoyamwitsa zimadziwika ndi kusintha pang'onopang'ono: gawo la mpweya SO₂ limafalikira pamwamba pa madontho, limalowa mu slurry, kenako limachotsedwa ndi mankhwala. Kutuluka kwa magnesium kuchokera mu slurry kungachitike, kutengera malo enieni a mankhwala ndi kuchuluka kwa kusamutsa kwa misa. Kulamulira kwakukulu pa liwiro la kuyamwa kumachitika ndi kukana kwa filimu ya gasi pamalo olumikizirana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwedezeka ndi kusakaniza zikhale zofunikira kwambiri kuti magwiridwe antchito azitha bwino.
Kugwirizana kwa machitidwe enieni mkati mwa reactor ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu. Madontho a matope omwe ali mumtsinje wa mpweya amawonjezera malo olumikizirana kuti SO₂ ikhudze ndi kuyamwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya pakati pa madzi ndi gasi kumayendetsedwa ndi kukula kwa madontho, liwiro lotsetsereka, kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka, ndi kutentha. Kusamutsa bwino kwa madzi kumadalira kufalikira kwa madontho ndi kayendedwe ka zochita zawo ndi SO₂. Kuyanjana kwa madontho ndi gasi bwino sikuti kumangowonjezera kuchotsa kwa SO₂ komanso kumathandiza kubwezeretsa bwino phosphate, kofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira kuipitsa ndi kubwezeretsanso zinthu.
Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kuchita Bwino kwa Kuyankha
Geometry ya reactor ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimatsimikizira momwe mpweya umagwirira ntchito bwino. Zinthu monga ngodya yolowera ndi m'mimba mwake zimalamulira momwe mpweya ndi matope zimalowera ndikusakanikirana mkati mwa reactor. Mwachitsanzo, ma angles ang'onoang'ono olowera ndi m'mimba mwake amalimbikitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu komanso kufalikira bwino kwa madontho, kukulitsa kusamutsa kwa madontho ndikuwonjezera kugwidwa kwa SO₂. Ma diameter akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino mwa kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndikuchepetsa nthawi yolumikizirana pakati pa madontho a mpweya ndi matope. Mosiyana ndi malingaliro, kuwonjezera ma baffle amkati kumakhudza pang'ono kuchuluka kwa desulfurization poyerekeza ndi zotsatira zofunika kwambiri za kapangidwe ka inlet ndi geometry yonse.
Kapangidwe ka phosphate slurry yokha—makamaka kukhuthala, kuchulukana, ndi kufalikira kwa tinthu—zimakhudza kwambiri momwe timachitira zinthu. Kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa slurry kumachepetsa kuyenda kwa madontho, zomwe zimalepheretsa kusakanikirana ndi njira yoyamwira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kukhuthala kochepa kumathandizira kuti madzi aziyenda bwino koma kungapangitse kuti tinthu tizikhala bwino komanso kuti tinthu tizikhala bwino. Kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi kumakhudza kukhazikika kwa madontho ndi zizolowezi zokhazikika; kukhuthala komwe kumakhala ndi ma profiles oyenera a kukhuthala kumapereka kukana bwino kukhazikika, kusunga kukhudzana koyenera kuti madzi azilowa.
Kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumakhudzanso momwe timayamwa. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timapereka malo akuluakulu pamwamba, zomwe zimathandizira kusamutsa SO₂, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri kapena tosafalikira bwino timalimbikitsa kukhazikika mwachangu, kukula komweko, komanso kutsekeka. Kuyimitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti tipewe mavuto otere. Kuyeza ndi kuwongolera makhalidwe amenewa—pogwiritsa ntchitomita zoyezera kukhuthala kwa slurry pa intaneti, mita yamadzimadzi pa intaneti, ndi zipangizo zochokera kwa opanga makina oyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi pa intaneti—ndizo njira zodziwika bwino zogwiritsira ntchito zomera zamakono.
Kuyimitsa bwino ndi kufalikira kwa tinthu tolimba mkati mwa matope kumathetsa chizolowezi cha kukulitsa malo ndi kuipitsa kwa reactor. Kusunga kugwedezeka kokwanira kuti tinthu tisakhale toyima, pamene tikuyang'anira ndikusintha kukhuthala, kumathandiza kupewa kuyika kwa zinthu zolimba pamakina a reactor ndi mapaipi. Maukadaulo monga Lonnmeter online mita ndi ofunikira pakuyeza kukhuthala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimathandiza kuyang'anira bwino katundu wa matope ndikuwongolera mosalekeza magwiridwe antchito a desulfurization ndi dephosphorization.
Kuchepetsa Kuchuluka ndi Kutsekeka kwa Zoopsa
Kuletsa kukula ndi kutsekeka kwa ma reactor a phosphate slurry kumadalira momwe zinthu zilili bwino komanso kapangidwe ka reactor kokonzedwa bwino. Kugwira ntchito molimbika bwino komanso kusunga kukula koyenera kwa tinthu kumachepetsa mwayi woti tinthu tikhazikike ndipo kumathandiza kuti tinthu tikhazikike mofanana. Ma geometri a reactor omwe amapangidwira kuti tinthu tizungulire kwambiri—makamaka m'malo olowera mpweya ndi slurry—amalimbikitsa kufalikira kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono, kuletsa madera omwe madzi amatuluka pang'ono pomwe kukhazikika ndi kupanga ma scale kungachitike.
Njira zothandiza zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku kafukufuku waposachedwa wa mafakitale ndi kafukufuku woyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti kukonza malo olowera a reactor kuti azitha kugwedezeka mwamphamvu komanso mofanana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa matope mkati mwa mawindo olimbikitsidwa kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kukula. Kupewa kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwakukulu ndikupewa katundu wolimba kwambiri ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ndikuwongolera mayendedwe a matope. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsa ma cycle ozizira a matope kumatha kukulitsa kugwidwa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa mwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthunzi ndikulimbikitsa kuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta submicrometer.
Kuwongolera kukula kwa zinthu kumathandizidwanso ndi njira zamankhwala: kuwerengera molondola mankhwala oletsa kukalamba—makamaka mankhwala opangidwa ndi ma phosphate ambiri—kumachepetsa kuyika kwa calcium phosphate mu sikelo popanda kufunikira kuchuluka kwa asidi kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwa makina. Kusankha ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala awa kumadalira kuyang'anira madzi ndi slurry chemistry pa intaneti, kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chokhazikika ku sikelo chikugwira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni.
Kukonza bwino njira zowongolera zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala izi kumawonjezera kuyendetsa bwino kwa mapaipi, kumawonjezera kuyenda bwino kwa matope m'mapaipi, komanso kumathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa reactor nthawi yayitali popanda kusokonezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka ndi kukhazikika. Kuyeza kolondola kwa kukhuthala kwa matope, kuchulukana, ndi kukula kwa tinthu tomwe timayimitsidwa—komwe kumathandizidwa ndi mita yabwino kwambiri pa intaneti—ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukwaniritsa zotsatirazi ndikusunga njira zochotsera sulfurization ndi dephosphorization zomwe zimabala zipatso zambiri m'makina oyendetsera matope a phosphate.
Kukulitsa Kugwira Ntchito Bwino kwa Mapaipi a Phosphate Slurry
Kusintha kwa Mayendedwe mu Kuyendetsa Mapaipi
Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa phosphate slurry mayendedwe kumadalira zinthu zinayi zazikulu: liwiro, kukhuthala, kuchulukana, ndi makhalidwe a tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa. Kuthamanga kwa slurry kumatsimikiza mwachindunji chiopsezo cha kuikidwa kwa tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa—kuthamanga kwakukulu kumasunga zinthu zolimba zikuyimitsidwa ndikuchepetsa zoopsa zotsekeka, komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu zofunikira komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Pali malire ofunikira a liwiro omwe tinthu timayambira kukhazikika, zomwe zimawopseza kuyenda bwino kwa madzi ndi thanzi la mapaipi.
Kukhuthala, komwe kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa matope ndi kutentha, kumakhudza ngati madziwo akuchita ngati pulagi kapena kutsatira kuyenda kosasunthika. Ma phosphate slurries nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a pulasitiki osakhala a Newtonian, pseudoplastic, kapena Bingham, ndipo kukhuthala kumawonjezeka pamene kuchuluka kolimba kukukwera. Kuyeza molondola kwa matope pogwiritsa ntchito ma viscosity mita apaintaneti kapena machitidwe odzipereka, monga ma viscosity mita apaintaneti abwino kwambiri a matope, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mayendedwe okhazikika komanso kuyembekezera kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi, komwe kumagwira ntchito ngati zinthu zolimba zomwe zapachikidwa, kumasintha kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi m'mapaipi, zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kukhazikika kwa mayendedwe. Kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi, ngati sikuyang'aniridwa, kungayambitse kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kutayika kwa madzi. Mamita oyezera madzi pa intaneti, kuphatikizapo omwe opanga mamita oyezera madzi pa intaneti, amapereka chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa madzi nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimathandiza kusunga bwino dongosolo.
Kukula ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa pa malo osungiramo zinthu kumakhudzanso kwambiri. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa pa malo osungiramo zinthu timawonjezera chiopsezo chokhazikika, makamaka m'magawo omwe ali ndi liwiro lochepa kapena kusintha kwa payipi. Machitidwe oyezera kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa pa malo osungiramo zinthu amaonetsetsa kuti kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumakhalabe mkati mwa malo otetezeka ogwirira ntchito, kuthandizira kuwongolera bwino tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapachikidwa pa malo osungiramo zinthu ndikuchepetsa zoopsa zoyika.
Mapangidwe a mapaipi—m'mimba mwake, kukhwima kwamkati, ndi njira yonse—amakhudza kukhazikika kwa kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kuyendetsa bwino. Kuwonjezeka kwa m'mimba mwake wa mapaipi kumachepetsa liwiro pa liwiro la madzi lomwe laperekedwa, kuonjezera chiopsezo chokhazikika pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera ndi liwiro lalikulu la kupopera. Kukhwima kwamkati kapena kupindika kwakuthwa kumalimbikitsa kugwedezeka, komwe kungathandize kuyimitsidwanso kwanuko komanso kungayambitsenso kupangika kwa madzi ndi malo okhala, zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa mphamvu ndi kukonza.
Kupewa Kukhazikika kwa Madzi Oundana ndi Kutsekeka kwa Mapaipi
Kutsekeka kwa matope ndi kutsekeka kwa mapaipi kumachitika makamaka pamene liwiro la madzi limatsika pansi pa malire okhazikika a zinthu zolimba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zolimba zikhazikike pansi pa chitoliro, ndikupanga mabedi osasuntha kapena zipolopolo zomwe zimaletsa kapena kuletsa kuyenda kwa madzi. Kugwirizana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono—kumene zinthu zolimba zazing'ono zimasonkhana chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa electrostatic kapena mankhwala—kungafulumizitse kukhazikika kwa madzi, makamaka pamene pali zowonjezera za mankhwala kapena dolomite yambiri.
Kulumikizana ndi njira zokhazikika zimakhudzidwa osati ndi liwiro lokha, komanso ndi kukula kwa tinthu, mawonekedwe, ndi kuchulukana kwa tinthu. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi dongo kapena tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka ngati "gel", pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosakanikirana kapena tambiri titha kukhazikika mosagwirizana, ndikupanga zigawo m'mphepete mwa chitoliro. Kutsika kwa kutentha m'deralo kungapangitsenso kukhuthala kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapaipi azipindika, makamaka pamapipe kapena ma valve.
Kusanthula kwaposachedwa kwa momwe zinthu zilili pogwiritsa ntchito chisokonezo cha polynomial kukuwonetsa kuti liwiro ndi kukula kwa tinthu ndizomwe zimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito a malo okhala ndi mayendedwe. Zinthu izi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndikuwongoleredwa mosinthasintha kuti mapaipi azigwira ntchito bwino. Zida zamkati—monga zoyezera ma viscosity pa intaneti ndi zowunikira kukula kwa tinthu tamkati—zimapereka deta yothandiza kusintha magwiridwe antchito, monga kuwonjezera liwiro la pampu kapena zoyezera zoyezera pamene zinthu zoyipa zapezeka.
Zatsopano kuphatikizapo zokutira mapaipi zapamwamba zapangidwa kuti zichepetse kumamatira ndikuchepetsa malire omwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tingakhazikike, zomwe zimalimbikitsa njira zopewera kutsekeka kwa mapaipi. Kapangidwe ka mapaipi ndi nthawi yogwirira ntchito ziyeneranso kuganizira nthawi yocheperako ya kuyenda kwa madzi, chifukwa ngakhale nthawi yochepa pansi pa malire ofunikira a liwiro ingayambitse kupanga mabedi mwachangu.
Njira Zowerengera ndi Kusanthula Zokonzera Kuyenda Bwino
Kukonza kayendedwe ka phosphate slurry kumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino ndi kuyang'anira magawo angapo, ogwirizana pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni yosatsimikizika. Kusanthula kwa Global Sensitivity (GSA) pogwiritsa ntchito polynomial chaos expansions (PCE) kwakhala njira yotsogola yowerengera momwe kusatsimikizika mu zosinthira zolowera—monga ore mineralogy, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kapena mawonekedwe a slurry a nyengo—kumakhudzira miyezo yofunika kwambiri yoyendera monga kutsika kwa kuthamanga, liwiro, ndi chiopsezo chokhazikika.
GSA ikuwonetsa kuti, m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phosphate slurry compositions ndi processing structures, liwiro ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana ndizomwe zimakhudza kwambiri; motero, kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito kuyenera kuyika patsogolo kuwunika ndi kuwongolera kwawo. Kuchulukana ndi kukhuthala kumakhalabe kofunikira kwambiri pakuwerengera malire, kuthandiza ogwira ntchito kukhazikitsa mawindo ogwirira ntchito kuti azitha kuyenda bwino komanso motetezeka.
Kupanga ma computational modeling, makamaka ndi kugawa bwino kwa orthogonal ndi PCE-based surrogate modeling, kumathandiza kuyerekezera bwino zochitika ndi kukonza bwino. Ma models awa ochepetsedwa-order amatsanzira zinthu zofunika kwambiri za ma CFD simulations okhala ndi resolution yapamwamba komanso kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa, kuthandizira kupanga zisankho mwachangu pakusintha njira ndi kapangidwe ka mapaipi.
Njira zowunikira izi zimatsimikiziridwa poyerekeza ndi deta yeniyeni: kuyeza komwe kumachitika pamalopo kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi, kutayika kwa mutu, ndi zochitika zoyikamo zinthu zimaphatikizidwa mu calibration ya chitsanzo ndi kusintha kosalekeza. Mwa kuphatikiza masensa apamwamba (monga Lonnmeter online viscosity and density analyzers) ndi dynamic modeling, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera madzi zomwe zimayankha moyenera kusintha kwa gredi ya miyala, kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi mikhalidwe yachilengedwe.
Njira Zapamwamba Zoyezera ndi Kuwunika
Kufunika kwa Kuwunika Malo Otayirira Nthawi Yeniyeni
Zolondola,muyeso wopitilira wa kuchulukanandikukhuthalaNdikofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda bwino kwa phosphate slurry ndi desulfurization ndi dephosphorization. Kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni kumathandiza kusintha nthawi yomweyo magawo a ndondomeko poyankha kusintha kwa makhalidwe a slurry. Kuwongolera njira yodziwira vutoli kumachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yopuma yosakonzekera yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kukhazikika ndi kutsekeka kwa mapaipi - mavuto omwe amapezeka m'mapaipi a phosphate slurry.
Deta yopitilira yokhudza kuchuluka kwa matope ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi imathandiza ogwira ntchito kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kusintha komwe kukuwonetsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhazikika kapena kutsekeka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa madzi kapena kuchulukira kwapezeka, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumatha kusinthidwa, kapena kuchuluka kwa mankhwala kokonzedwa bwino kuti abwezeretse kayendedwe kabwino ka mapaipi. Kuyang'anira pafupipafupi kumathandizanso njira zopewera kukhazikika kwa matope, zomwe zimathandiza ogwira ntchito kulowererapo zinthu zolimba zisanayambe kusonkhana ndikupanga malo osungira madzi.
Kusunga kukhuthala koyenera kwa matope ndi kuimitsa tinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa madzi. Kuyika ndalama muukadaulo woyezera pa intaneti kumatanthauza mwachindunji kuyenda bwino kwa mapaipi, kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera.
Mamita Ochulukira Madzi Paintaneti ndi Mamita Okhuthala
Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito za Mamita Ochulukira Madzi Paintaneti
Mita yamadzimadzi pa intaneti, monga chubu chogwedezeka cha Coriolis mita, ndi muyezo wamakampani woyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi mosalekeza m'mapaipi a matope. Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito podutsa matope kudzera mu chubu chogwedezeka; kusintha kwa gawo la kugwedezeka kapena pafupipafupi, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyenda kwa matope, kumadziwika ndikukonzedwa kuti kupereke kuwerenga kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi nthawi yeniyeni. Mamita amakono amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi oyendera magetsi kapena piezo excitation kuti apitirize kugwedezeka kwa chubu.
Malo ofunikira okhazikitsa ndi monga malo olowera mkati mwa mizere yayikulu yonyamulira matope ndi pafupi ndi ma valve kapena ma bend ofunikira - malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukhazikika kapena kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka madzi. Kuti zigwire bwino ntchito, masensa ayenera kumizidwa mokwanira mu kayendedwe ka madzi ndikuyang'aniridwa kuti ayese madera osakanikirana bwino a matope, kuchepetsa zolakwika kuchokera ku kugawa kwa tinthu tosiyanasiyana.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri posankha mita ndi izi:
- Kuchuluka kwa kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi,
- Kukana kwa kuuma kwa ziwalo zonyowa,
- Kutha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba kwambiri,
- Kuchepa kwa chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kapena kupakidwa ndi tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa.
Makhalidwe ndi Zofunikira Zosankhira Ma Robust Online Density Meters
Kulimba n'kofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya phosphate slurry. Sankhani mitundu, monga Lonnmeter, ili ndi machubu a sensor osagwa, kapangidwe kolimbikitsidwa, komanso kukonza kwapamwamba kwa zizindikiro kuti zigwirizane ndi kufalikira kwa tinthu tosiyanasiyana. Yang'anani mapangidwe a zigawo zosasuntha kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka, ndi mitu ya sensor yopangidwa ndi zipangizo monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena zoumbaumba.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi izi:
- Nthawi yoyankha mwachangu (yosankhidwa ndi sub-sekondi),
- Kufikira kosavuta kwa calibration,
- Kuphatikiza kwa digito ndi makina a SCADA kapena PLC,
- Kulemba deta nthawi yeniyeni.
Mamita omwe amakonda amaikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, amapereka kutsika kochepa kwa mphamvu, ndipo amasonyeza kukana kukula. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyesera zopanda nyukiliya monga ma ultrasound kapena ma electromagnetic density mita kukukondedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha chitetezo chogwira ntchito komanso malamulo.
Zofunikira pa Kuyeza Kuyeza Kukhuthala kwa Madzi Otuluka Paulendo
Kuyeza kukhuthala kwa matopeMunthawi yeniyeni ndizovuta chifukwa cha phosphate slurries zomwe sizili za Newtonian, zosiyana. Ma viscometer apaintaneti ayenera kupirira mikhalidwe yovutirapo ndikuletsa kusonkhana kapena kutsekeka. Ma viscometer ozungulira kapena ogwedezeka, omwe amayikidwa mwachindunji mupayipi, amapereka ndemanga zamoyo pakusintha kwa viscosity pamene mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito ikusintha.
Poyerekeza ndi njira zomwe sizili pa intaneti—komwe zitsanzo zimachotsedwa pamanja ndikuyesedwa mu labotale—ma viscosity mita apaintaneti amapereka kuyang'anira kosalekeza ndikuthandizira kukonza njira mosalekeza. Mphamvu imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakusintha kuchuluka kwa madzi, zowonjezera mankhwala, ndi kusuntha kwa makina kuti asunge kayendedwe ka matope kolamulidwa ndikuchepetsa kutsekeka.
Njira zabwino zoyezera kukhuthala kwa slurry zimafuna:
- Zipangizo zoyezera zomwe sizimavala kwambiri,
- Kapangidwe kamene kamapewa malo opanda kanthu kapena zipinda zokhazikika,
- Ma protocol a calibration omwe amawerengera kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba ndi kayendedwe ka madzi.
Kusankha mita yoyenera ya kuchuluka kwa phosphate ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi pa intaneti—ndi wopanga woyenera—kumasintha mwachindunji kuthekera kolamulira mawonekedwe a phosphate slurry, kuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi, kuthandizira kukonza bwino kayendedwe ka slurry, ndikupereka mtundu wabwino wa zinthu nthawi zonse pa ntchito za mapaipi.
Kukumba Ma Phosphate
*
Njira Zokonzera Njira Zoyendetsera Kutayira Madzi
Kuphatikiza Deta Yoyezera mu Kulamulira Njira
Kuphatikiza deta yoyezera nthawi yeniyeni ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza njira zoyendetsera matope.Mamita ochulukirachulukira pa intanetindimita zoyezera kukhuthala pa intaneti—monga zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi Lonnmeter—zimapereka mawerengedwe osasinthasintha komanso apamwamba a kuchuluka kwa slurry, viscosity, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono mwachindunji m'machitidwe a mapaipi. Mwa kuyika masensa awa mu mizere ya process, malo opangira zinthu amasunga kapangidwe ka slurry koyenera ndipo amayankha kusintha nthawi yomweyo.
Ma loop oyankha okha amalumikiza mita iyi yapaintaneti ku machitidwe owongolera njira. Pamene kupotoka kwapezeka—mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezeka kwa kukhuthala kwa slurry kapena kuchepa kwa kachulukidwe komwe kumasonyeza kusungunuka kwakukulu—loop yoyankha imayambitsa zochita zowongolera zokha. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo kusintha madzi kapena chakudya cholimba, kuwonjezera kugwedezeka, kapena kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa kudalira zitsanzo zamanja ndi mayeso a labu obwerezabwereza, omwe nthawi zambiri samasinthasintha mwachangu.
Mamita apaintaneti amaletsa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ndi chiopsezo cha kuyikapo mwa kuwongolera kusintha kwamphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, kusunga liwiro lochepa la matope ndikofunikira; masensa amatha kuyika chizindikiro pamapampu kuti awonjezere kuyenda ngati liwiro likutsika pansi pa malire omwe ali pachiwopsezo chokhazikika. Ma model a makompyuta omwe amatsimikiziridwa mu mayendedwe akuluakulu a phosphate slurry akuwonetsa kuti mayankho a nthawi yeniyeni kutengera magawo oyesedwa, monga kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi liwiro la matope, amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuletsa kutsekeka. Kuwongolera kumeneku koyendetsedwa ndi deta kumachepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu, kumaletsa kutsekedwa kwa mapaipi, ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, makamaka m'malo omwe amapangidwa kwambiri monga malo opangira phosphate ndi mapaipi oyendera mchere.
Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zokonzekera ndi Kusamalira Manyowa
Kulamulira kuchuluka kwa matope, kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi kukhazikika kwa kuyimitsidwa kumayambira pa nthawi yokonzekera. Kuti tisunge kufanana ndikuletsa kukhazikika msanga, njira zabwino kwambiri zamakampani ndi izi:
- Kuyeza molondola ndi kufalitsa zinthu zolimba pogwiritsa ntchito zida zodyetsera za volumetric kapena gravimetric pamodzi ndi kusakaniza koyamba kwa high-shear.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza mankhwala kapena mankhwala oletsa kukhazikika. Zolimbitsa ma polymer zolumikizidwa ndi nano, monga acrylamide-SiO₂ copolymers, zimapereka mphamvu yowonjezera ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono pa kutentha kwakukulu komanso nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito.
Kusuntha kosalekeza n'kofunika kwambiri—matanki oyima okhala ndi ma axial flow impellers, othandizidwa ndi ma baffles amkati, amaonetsetsa kuti kusakanikirana bwino ndikuchepetsa madera akufa komwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tingakhazikike. Liwiro la kugwedezeka ndi kukula kwa impeller zimasankhidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi kukhuthala kwa slurry ndi kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono; kusuntha kwakukulu kumatha kupsa kwambiri, kotero machitidwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza pang'onopang'ono panthawi yogwira.
Machitidwe oletsa kukhazikika kwa mafakitale amatha kuwonjezera kugwedezeka kwa makina ndi ma circulation loops kapena ma programmable recirculation schedules. Kuti pakhale bata kwa nthawi yayitali, malo ogwirira ntchito angagwiritse ntchito steric kapena electrostatic stabilization, pogwiritsa ntchito ma polima kapena ma surfactants kuti apange zotchinga kuzungulira tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Izi zimachepetsa kusonkhana ndikuwongolera makhalidwe a kuyenda kwa madzi, kukweza kuyendetsa bwino kwa mapaipi komanso kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zomwe zamalizidwa.
Kuyeza kukula kwa tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa kudzera pa zipangizo za pa intaneti kumatsimikizira kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono timagawika—ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kukhuthala, kuwonongeka, ndi chiopsezo chokhazikika. Kuwerenga pa intaneti kumawongolera kusintha kwa zinthu kuti tinthu tomwe timapachikidwa tisamayende, kupewa kutsekeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kutsekeka kwa mapaipi.
Chitsanzo: Mu kayendedwe ka phosphate slurry, kuphatikiza kwa kusinthasintha kosalekeza, zowonjezera mankhwala, ndi kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni kwachepetsa kwambiri zochitika zokhazikika komanso kutayika kwa mphamvu ya mapaipi, pomwe kumatsimikizira mawonekedwe a slurry omwe amafunidwa kuchokera ku fakitale kupita ku malo otumizira kunja.
Kusamala njira izi—kuphatikiza kuyeza nthawi yeniyeni, mayankho odziyimira pawokha, kusinthasintha kolondola, ndi kukhazikika—kumalimbikitsa mwachindunji kuyenda bwino kwa matope, kuchepetsa mavuto oyendera matope m'mafakitale, komanso kuteteza ku kusokonezeka kwa njira.
Mapeto
Kusamalira bwino phosphate slurry ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda bwino kwa njira zochotsera sulfurization ndi dephosphorization komanso kuyendetsa bwino mapaipi. Ubale wovuta pakati pa zinthu zakuthupi za slurry—monga kukhuthala, kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi khalidwe la rheological—ndi magwiridwe antchito a njira kumatanthauza kuti ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kungakhudze kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zodetsa ndi kuyenda kwa zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa slurry chifukwa cha kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba kungachepetse kugwira ntchito kwa SO₂ kapena phosphorous export poletsa kuyanjana kwa reagent ndi kusamutsa kwa unyinji, komanso kukulitsa mwayi wotseka mapaipi ndi mavuto okhazikika.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)
Kodi ntchito ya kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mu kayendedwe ka phosphate slurry ndi yotani?
Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi njira yayikulu yowongolera mawonekedwe a phosphate slurry panthawi yoyendetsa mapaipi. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timathandiza kupanga ma suspensions okhazikika, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhazikika komanso kuthandizira kuyenda kosalekeza. Komabe, pamene tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tating'onoting'ono, kukhuthala kwa slurry kumawonjezeka; izi zingayambitse kufunikira kwa mphamvu zambiri pakupopa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kutsekeka.
Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tambiri nthawi zambiri timayambitsa kukhazikika mwachangu komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa kukangana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapaipi azitsekeka komanso kuwonongeka kwambiri. Kugawa bwino kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (PSD)—komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika posakaniza tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi tating'onoting'ono—kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bwino pochepetsa kukhuthala komanso kupsinjika kwa zokolola. Izi zimachepetsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya mapaipi ndi chiopsezo cha kutsekeka, pomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zolimba zikhale zoyimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti matope aziyenda bwino m'mapaipi komanso kuti matope aziyenda bwino.
Kuyeza mosamala ndi kuwongolera kukula kwa tinthu tomwe tapachikidwa, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa pa intaneti kapena pa intaneti, kumathandiza kuti ntchito ikhale yogwirizana komanso kuti mayendedwe a mapaipi akhale odalirika. Maphunziro oyeserera ndi mayeso a labu onse amatsimikizira: kusunga PSD mkati mwa malo omwe mukufuna kumateteza mavuto ogwirira ntchito ndipo kumasunga ndalama zomwe zingasungidwe.
Kodi mita yamadzimadzi ya pa intaneti imathandizira bwanji pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa mapaipi?
Mamita oyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi pa intaneti, monga omwe adapangidwa ndi Lonnmeter, amapereka miyeso yokhazikika ya kuchuluka kwa madzi mwachindunji. Kuwerenga kumeneku nthawi yeniyeni kumalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha mwachangu kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba, kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi kuti asunge bwino momwe zinthu zimayendera.
Kusintha kwa nthawi yake—kotsogozedwa ndi deta yolondola ya kuchuluka kwa madzi—kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kukhazikika kwa mapaipi, kumathandiza kufika pamlingo woyenera, ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kosafunikira kapena kutsekeka. Kuyang'anira kosalekeza pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodalirika choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi pa intaneti kumalola kusintha bwino njira yogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimachepetsa kukonza kosakonzekera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a slurry m'mapaipi. Masensa osavulaza, makamaka omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za ultrasound kapena accelerometer, amapereka ntchito yolimba kwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale pakugwiritsa ntchito slurry ya phosphate yovuta komanso yowononga.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingayambitse kutsekeka kwa mapaipi panthawi yoyendetsa phosphate slurry?
Zinthu zingapo zimathandiza kuti mapaipi azitseke:
- Kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa matope, komwe kumalepheretsa kuyenda kwa madzi.
- Kugawa kosakwanira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikhazikike mwachangu.
- Liwiro losakwanira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zolimba zisonkhanire ndi kukhuthala.
- Kusakaniza kosakwanira kapena kusuntha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tituluke mu suspension.
Kuti muchepetse kapena kupewa kutsekeka kwa madzi, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni pamodzi ndi kuwongolera mwachangu liwiro la madzi oundana, kukhuthala, ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zida ndi njira zamakono—monga kugwiritsa ntchito mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi pa intaneti kuti mudziwe nthawi yeniyeni komanso kusintha njira zodziyimira pawokha—zingathandize kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kukonza komwe kumakhudzana ndi kutsekeka kwa madzi.
Kodi kuyeza kukhuthala kwa slurry kumathandiza bwanji kupewa kukhazikika?
Kuyeza kukhuthala kwa matope osasunthika kumapereka ndemanga nthawi yomweyo pa momwe matope amayendera. Kukhuthala kwakukulu kungasonyeze kuti zinthu zolimba zodzaza kapena kusakaniza kosakwanira, zomwe zonsezi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chokhazikika. Kukhuthala kochepa kungasonyeze kusungunuka kwakukulu, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu.
Mayeso abwino kwambiri a kukhuthala kwa madzi pa intaneti a slurry amapereka kuwerenga kosalekeza, komwe kumachitika mkati mwa ndondomeko, kotero ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulowererapo mwachangu—kusintha katundu wa zinthu zolimba, kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza, kapena kuwonjezera madzi. Kusunga kukhuthala koyenera kumaonetsetsa kuti slurry imakhalabe yopopera madzi ndipo kumachepetsa kulekanitsidwa kwa madzi olimba. Izi ndizofunikira popewa kukhazikika ndikupeza njira zowongolera kukula kwa tinthu tomwe timayimitsidwa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zolinga zogwirira ntchito.
Kodi munthu ayenera kuyang'ana chiyani kwa opanga mita ya density pa intaneti pakugwiritsa ntchito phosphate slurry?
Pa phosphate slurry, kudalirika kwa mita ndi kulimba ndikofunikira. Poyesa opanga mita ya density pa intaneti, choyamba chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa:
- Masensa osapsa: Phosphate slurry ndi yolimba; ma mita ayenera kupirira kuwonekera nthawi zonse.
- Kapangidwe kolimba: Zipangizo ziyenera kugwira ntchito ndi malo olimba kwambiri, oyenda bwino, komanso nthawi zambiri owononga.
- Ukadaulo woyezera: Njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nyukiliya (zogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, accelerometer) ndi zomwe zimakondedwa pazifukwa zachitetezo ndi kukonza.
- Thandizo Lotsimikizika: Kuwongolera kodalirika komanso thandizo laukadaulo mwachangu ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka m'malo omwe nthawi yopuma imakhala yokwera mtengo.
- Mbiri ya ntchito: Sankhani ogulitsa omwe ali ndi luso lodziwika bwino pa matope okwirira, monga Lonnmeter, yomwe imagwira ntchito m'mafakitale okhala ndi zinthu zolimba zopachikidwa ndipo imapereka chithandizo chachikulu pa ntchito za matope.
Nchifukwa chiyani desulfurization ndi dephosphorization ndizofunikira pakupanga phosphate slurry?
Kuchotsa sulfurization ndi dephosphorization ndi njira zofunika kwambiri panthawi yokonza phosphate slurry. Zimachotsa mankhwala ochulukirapo a sulfure ndi phosphorous omwe angawononge ubwino wa chinthu chomaliza kapena kubweretsa mavuto ku chilengedwe.
Kuchotsa bwino sulfur ndi phosphate kumatsimikizira kuti chinthu chomwe chatulukacho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira za feteleza kapena ntchito zina zamafakitale ndipo chikugwirizana ndi malamulo otsatira malamulo okhudza chilengedwe. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa dzimbiri, kuipitsa, komanso kuwononga chilengedwe kuchokera ku mitsinje yotuluka madzi. Kulamulira zinyalalazi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuvomereza malamulo okhudza migodi ya phosphate komanso kupanga mankhwala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-28-2025
