Mu 1938, Nestle idagwiritsa ntchito njira yopumira yopopera yopangira khofi nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zidalola kuti ufa wa khofi nthawi yomweyo usungunuke mwachangu m'madzi otentha. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kochepa ndi kukula kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kusungidwa. Chifukwa chake yakula mwachangu pamsika waukulu. Pakadali pano mitundu yotchuka ya khofi nthawi yomweyo ndi Nestle, Maxwell, UCC, ndi zina zotero.
Njira yopangira khofi nthawi yomweyo
Khofi wa nthawi yomweyo ndi chakumwa cholimba cha khofi chomwe chimakonzedwa powotcha nyemba za khofi ndikuziphwanya, kuchotsa zinthu zosungunuka ndi madzi, kenako nkuumitsa ndi mpweya wotentha kapena kuumitsa mufiriji. N'zosavuta kusungunuka m'madzi ndikubwerera ku khofi wamadzimadzi wokhala ndi kukoma koyambirira komanso kukoma. Njira yopangira ndi iyi: kuyeretsa nyemba za khofi, kuchotsa zodetsa, kuwotcha, kupukuta, kuchotsa, kuyika, kuyika, kuyika, kuuma, kulongedza.
II. Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri Pakupanga Khofi Mwachangu
(I) Kuchiza Nyemba Za Coffee Zisanu Zisanayambe
Choyamba, zinthu zopangira ziyenera kusankhidwa mosamala. Nyemba zatsopano za khofi ndi zowala, zozungulira komanso zazikulu zofanana, kupatula nyemba zouma, zowiritsa, zakuda, zodyedwa ndi mphutsi, zosweka kwambiri komanso zina zosalimba, komanso zodetsedwa zosiyanasiyana monga zipolopolo za mbewu, zotchinga za nthaka, zotchinga zamatabwa, miyala, ndi zitsulo. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino, kulekanitsa kungathe kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zotchinga zogwedezeka, mphamvu ya mphepo kapena vacuum conveyor.
(II) Kuwotcha
Kuwotcha khofi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira kukoma ndi ubwino wa khofi wachangu. Njira zamalonda zophikira khofi zimagwiritsa ntchito chowotcha chapadera cha mpweya wotentha kapena chowotcha mpweya wotentha chokhala ndi zipinda zokazingira monga ng'oma yozungulira. Kutentha kwa kuwotcha ndi nthawi yowotcha ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Kutalika kwa nthawi yokazinga kumasiyana osati kokha chifukwa cha mtundu ndi mtundu wa khofi, komanso kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kukazinga komwe kumafunika pa chinthu chomaliza. Nthawi yochepa yokazinga imasonyeza kuti nyemba za khofi ndi zofewa zokhala ndi asidi wambiri, kuwawa kofooka komanso kutulutsa mosavuta mutatha kuzipera. M'malo mwake, nthawi yayitali yokazinga imasonyeza kuti nyemba za khofi ndi zokazinga zokhala ndi asidi wofooka, kuwawa kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wochepa.
Kusaphika mokwanira kumabweretsa fungo loipa, mtundu woipa wa chinthu chomalizidwa komanso kuchuluka kochepa kochotsa; kuwotcha kwambiri kumabweretsa mafuta ambiri, zomwe zingalepheretse kuchotsa ndikusokoneza ntchito yowumitsa. Chifukwa chake, mikhalidwe yabwino yophika iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa chinthucho, fungo, zokolola, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama komanso kapangidwe ka zida zopangira.
Nyemba za khofi zikafika pamlingo wofunikira wokazinga, zimitsani moto, siyani kutentha, ndipo muziziziritse nyemba za khofi nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa ngakhale kutenthako kutayimitsidwa, kutentha mkati mwa nyemba za khofi kudzapitirira kukazinga kwa nthawi ndithu, kotero nyemba za khofi zitathiridwa kuchokera m'chipinda chokazinga cha ng'oma, fan yotulutsa utsi iyenera kuyatsidwa kuti iziziritse kuti kutentha kusakwere. M'makampani, madzi ozizira enaake amathiridwa m'chipinda chokazinga kuti chiziziritse, kenako nyemba za khofi zokazinga zimatulutsidwa m'chipinda chokazinga kuti ziziziritse.
(III) Malo Osungirako Osasinthasintha
Ndi bwino kusunga nyemba za khofi zokazinga kwa tsiku limodzi kuti mpweya wa carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wina upitirire kusungunuka ndikutuluka, komanso kuyamwa chinyezi chonse mumlengalenga kuti nyembazo zifewetse, zomwe zimathandiza kuchotsa. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapukutira kumagwirizana ndi zida zotulutsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tothandiza kuchotsa bwino koma timalepheretsa kusefedwa pambuyo pake pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tovuta kuchotsa koma tosavuta kusefedwa. Kawirikawiri, kukula kwapakati kwa tinthu ta khofi wophwanyidwa ndi pafupifupi 1.5 mm.
(IV) Kuchotsa
Kutulutsa khofi ndiye gawo lovuta kwambiri pakupanga khofi nthawi yomweyo. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri potulutsa khofi zimatchedwa chotulutsira, chomwe chimakhala ndi matanki 6 mpaka 8 otulutsira khofi olumikizidwa ndi mapaipi ndipo amatha kupangidwa mosinthana kukhala chipangizo chogwirira ntchito.
(V) Kulekanitsa Madzi ndi Olimba
Madzi a khofi omwe achotsedwa adzakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zolimba zotsala. Izi zimafuna kulekanitsa madzi a khofi ndi zinthu zolimba asanayambe kutumizidwa ku njira ina. Cholekanitsa gulugufe chingathe kukwaniritsa zotsatira zofunikira pakulekanitsa.
(VI) Kuganizira kwambiri
Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuchuluka kwa vacuum, kuchuluka kwa centrifugal ndi kuchuluka kwa ozizira. Pofuna kukonza bwino kuumitsa, kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa madzi olimba kumachepetsedwa kufika pa 35%. Kuchuluka kwa madzi otayira kumachepetsa kutentha kwa madzi kufika pa madigiri 60 mu vacuum pressure pamwamba pa 0.08Mpa. Kuti madziwo azitha kuwirikiza mofulumira. khofifee slurry lingaliromgwirizanonmitaImathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochulukirapo popanda kubwerezabwereza komanso kuvutitsa chifukwa cha kuyang'anira molondola kwambiri nthawi yeniyeni. Kuchuluka kwa madzi ochulukirapo nthawi zambiri sikupitirira 60% (refractometer). Popeza kutentha kwa madzi ochulukirapo omwe amatuluka mu nsanja yotulutsira madzi ndi kwakukulu kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda, kuyenera kuziziritsidwa musanatumize ku thanki yosungiramo zinthu kuti muchepetse kutayika.
(VII) Kuuma kwa Spray
Madzi okhuthala amanyamulidwa mwachindunji pamwamba pa nsanja youmitsira kupopera kudzera pa mpope wopopera, kupopera mu utsi ndi mfuti yopopera kupopera, ndikuumitsa kukhala ufa pansi pa kutentha ndi mpweya wa mphepo pafupifupi 250°C. Ukadaulo woumitsira ku vacuum kapena kuzizira ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito poumitsira. Ukadaulo woumitsira kuzizira ndi kuzizira khofi wokhuthala pa kutentha kochepa, ndipo madzi omwe ali mmenemo amaundana kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ayezi, kenako amatenthedwa ndikusungunuka pansi pa vacuum yambiri kuti akwaniritse cholinga chouma pa kutentha kochepa. Pambuyo poti mcherewo wakonzedwa, chithandizo chofunikira chowonjezera chikhoza kuchitika pa mcherewo, ndipo ukhozanso kupangidwa kukhala chakumwa chamadzimadzi.
Dinani apa kuti mudziwe zambirimayankho a kuyang'anira kukhazikika kwamkatiKapena mutha kulankhulana ndiLonnmetermwachindunji ndi zofunikira zanu zenizeni.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-10-2025
