Kuwongolera bwino njira yopangira asidi pa strip yotenthedwa ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso kuti ntchito ikuyenda bwino popanga zitsulo. Zoopsa ziwiri zazikulu—kupangira mopitirira muyeso ndi kupangira mopanda mphamvu—ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti zisawonongeke ndi kusunga malo abwino pamwamba.
Chidule cha Njira Yopangira Acid
Njira yopangira asidi pa chitsulo chotenthedwa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri popanga zitsulo, lomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa mamba a oxide omwe amapangidwa panthawi yopangira zitsulo zotentha. Njira yopangira zitsulo za hydrochloric acid imasungunula bwino ma oxide monga Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ndi FeO, kuonetsetsa kuti malo oyera achitsulo ndi oyenera kukonzedwanso monga galvanizing, coating, kapena bonding. Kuchotsa mamba amenewa mofanana ndikofunikira, chifukwa kupangira zitsulo zosagwirizana kungayambitse kusagwira bwino ntchito kapena zolakwika zina zomwe zimapezeka mu chitsulocho.
Yolondolakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa asidiMu malo osambira ophikira zinthu, izi zimakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa pamwamba, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Ngati kuchuluka kwa asidi kuli kokwera kwambiri, zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kupopera zinthu mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimawononga gawo lachitsulo, zimawonjezera kutayika kwa chitsulo, ndikuwononga mphamvu zamakanika monga mphamvu yokoka komanso kupindika. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupopera zinthu mopitirira muyeso chifukwa cha mphamvu yochepa ya asidi kapena kusakwanira kwa asidi kumasiya zotsalira za oxide, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusagwirizana kwa zinthu kukhale kovuta komanso zolakwika zokongoletsa. Zotsatira zonsezi zimawononga chitetezo cha gawo lachitsulo ndi ubwino wonse wa chinthu chomalizidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu mu kupopera zinthu mopitirira muyeso kukhale kofunika kuti zinthu zigwirizane, kuchepetsa zinyalala, komanso kukwaniritsa magawo okhazikika a njira.
Kukonza Zitsulo za Pickle Line
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Kupita patsogolo kwa njira zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi kwasintha njira yoyendetsera pickling line m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Zida zodziyimira zokha monga Lonnmeter automaticchoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi, kugwiritsa ntchito mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi mu pickling ya asidi, ndi mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa coriolis tsopano imapereka kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi yeniyeni kuti azitha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa asidi. Maukadaulo awa amathandizira kuwongolera njira yotsekedwa mu pickling ya asidi mwa kuzindikira nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa HCl ndikutumiza deta ku machitidwe opangira asidi okhazikika kuti azitha kunyamula. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa asidi kokhazikika, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi, komanso kuchepetsa kupanga zinyalala. Mwachitsanzo, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi mu pickling sikuti kungoletsa kunyamula kwambiri kapena kuchepetsa kunyamula komanso kumawongolera magwiridwe antchito a pickling kudzera mu kuwongolera kuchuluka ndikuthandizira njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito asidi mu pickling yachitsulo.
Mayankho odziyimira pawokhaPitani kupitirira kuzindikira kosavuta. Kukhazikika kwa njira yolumikizirana kumagwiritsa ntchito deta yeniyeni kuchokera ku mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu pa intaneti kuti isinthe yokha kuchuluka kwa zinthu, kusinthasintha, ndi kubwezeretsanso madzi m'bafa. Izi zimasunga mphamvu ya asidi mkati mwa zolinga zomwe zafotokozedwa, kuonetsetsa kuti pamwamba pake pali bwino komanso kukulitsa nthawi yosambira. Machitidwe odziyimira pawokha, monga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mita ya Lonnmeter, akhala ofunikira kwambiri pakukweza kuchuluka kwa asidi mu njira yophikira, zomwe zimathandiza opanga kugwirizanitsa bwino kupanga ndi kusunga ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso kusamalira zachilengedwe.
Zofunikira pa Kusankha Hydrochloric Acid Pickling mu Hot Rolled Strip Treatment
Njira Zamankhwala ndi Zoganizira za Substrate
Njira yopangira asidi pa hot rolled strip imadalira kuchotsa mwamphamvu ma oxide scales—makamaka iron oxides (FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3)—omwe amapangidwa panthawi yotenthedwa. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) imagwira ntchito ndi ma oxides awa, ndikupanga soluble iron chlorides ndi madzi. Mwachitsanzo:
- Fe2O3 + 6 HCl → 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
- Fe3O4 + 8 HCl → FeCl2 + 2 FeCl3 + 4 H2O
Kuthamanga kwa kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kukwanira kwa kusungunuka kwa madzi kumadalira kapangidwe ka madzi ndi makulidwe ake. Zigawo zosavuta za iron oxide zimasungunuka mofulumira. Komabe, mamba okhala ndi zinthu zovuta—monga zomwe zili ndi fayalite (Fe2SiO4) kuchokera ku zitsulo zolemera za Si—ndi olimba komanso ochedwa kuchotsa. Zigawo zotere zimafuna kutentha kwambiri, mankhwala osambira amphamvu kwambiri, kapena zowonjezera mankhwala kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito bwino.
Ma ion a chloride, ochokera ku HCl ndi NaCl omwe adapangidwa mwadala, amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa pickling. Kupezeka kwawo kumawonjezera kusungunuka kwa scale kudzera mu complementation ndi ma adsorption pa oxide interface, komanso kuchepetsa kuukira mwachindunji pa substrate yachitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera 10% HCl solutions ndi 10% NaCl kwawonetsedwa kuti kumathandizira pickling ndikuchepetsa dzimbiri losafunikira la chitsulo chowonekera. Pogwira ntchito ndi mitundu yovuta ya oxide, monga fayalite, zowonjezera monga FeCl3 zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuchotsa ndikuwonjezera nthawi yopickling ndi kuwononga pang'ono substrate. Komabe, kuyambitsa kulikonse kowonjezera kumafuna kuganizira mosamala za kasamalidwe ka bafa lonse ndi zotsatira zake zachilengedwe.
Popeza makulidwe ndi kapangidwe ka okosijeni sizingakhale zofanana m'lifupi mwa coil, yankho la mankhwala limasiyana madera ndi madera. Kusintha kumeneku kumafuna kuwongolera mwamphamvu njira, motsogozedwa ndi njira zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi mosalekeza, kuti muwonetsetse kuti sikelo yachotsedwa kwathunthu popanda kuwononga chitsulo chomwe chili pansi pake.
Magawo Ofunikira a Njira Yopangira Acid Pickling
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ndondomekoyi—kutentha kwa bafa, kuchuluka kwa asidi, kapangidwe ka bafa, ndi mtundu wa chitsulo—zimalamulira pamodzi kugwira ntchito bwino ndi chitetezo cha kusonkhanitsa asidi wa hydrochloric popanga chitsulo. Zotsatira zabwino nthawi zonse zimafunika:
- Kutentha kwa bafa nthawi zambiri kumakhala pa 80–90°C. Kutentha kwambiri kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yosonkhanitsa isachepe komanso kuchotsa bwino sikelo. Komabe, zoopsa za dzimbiri zimawonjezeka kwambiri ndipo zitsulo zimawonjezeka kwambiri.
- Kuchuluka kwa asidi kumasungidwa mkati mwa 3–11% (w/v) HCl. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumatsimikizira kutsika kwamphamvu kwa chiŵerengero cha asidi pamene kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi kosafunikira komanso kuukira kwa substrate. Kuwunika kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi yeniyeni, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zoyezera zokha kapena zida monga Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration meter, kumalimbitsa kuchuluka mkati mwa malire oyenera.
- Kapangidwe ka bafa kopangidwa kuti kagwirizane ndi mtundu wa chitsulo ndi sikelo. Pa zitsulo zolemera za Si, zoletsa zina kapena zinthu zina zosinthira ndizofunikira. Zoletsa dzimbiri monga hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) zimachepetsa kutayika kwa substrate ndikuteteza mitundu yovuta, ngakhale ikakhudzidwa ndi asidi wamphamvu.
- Chitetezo cha substrate chimaperekedwanso mwa kulinganiza ntchito ya chloride ion ndi mphamvu ya asidi. Mabafa amphamvu kwambiri amachititsa kuti zitsulo zisatayike ("kuchuluka kwa pickling"), pomwe mabafa ofooka angayambitse "kuchuluka kwa pickling" ndi kuchotsa oxide kosakwanira, zomwe zimafuna kukonzanso kokwera mtengo.
Kuti zinthu zikhazikike bwino, njira zowongolera njira zotsekedwa nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza zolowera kuchokera ku zida zowongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi. Njira zoterezi zimasunga kapangidwe ka madzi m'bafa mogwirizana ndi liwiro la mzere ndi malo achitsulo, kuthandizira mwachindunji njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito asidi ndikuchepetsa kupotoka kwa magwiridwe antchito.
Kutha kwa pamwamba ndi kulimba kwa substrate kumatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe zinthuzi zimagwirizanirana. Kutentha kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa asidi kumatha kuwononga kapena kugwetsa chitsulocho, makamaka m'mphepete mwa coil kapena m'malo omwe ali ndi oxide scale yopyapyala. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mikhalidwe yosakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri imapangitsa malo osokonekera, osalandira bwino omwe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popaka kapena kupanga zinthu pansi pa madzi.
Mwachidule, njira yopangira chitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito hydrochloric acid imayang'aniridwa ndi kugwirizana kwa zochita za mankhwala, mawonekedwe a substrate, ndi kuwongolera molondola magawo ogwirira ntchito. Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi zonse komanso kukonza bwino njira zopangira chitsulo kumapangitsa kuti chitsulo chigwire bwino ntchito komanso kuteteza chitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito strip substrate, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mizere yamakono yopangira chitsulo.
Mavuto pa Kulamulira Njira Yokonzera Asidi
Nkhani Zofunika Kwambiri pa Ubwino ndi Kubereka
Kusambitsa kwambiri kumachitika pamene bafa ya hydrochloric acid imachotsa osati ma oxide okha komanso imaukira pansi pa chitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kusungunuka kwambiri, kuchepetsedwa kwa chingwecho, ndipo kungayambitse kusweka kwa coil panthawi yogwira ntchito pansi pa madzi. Kusambitsa kwambiri kumawononga mwachindunji umphumphu wa chingwecho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya makina ichepe komanso kuchuluka kwa kukana kuchuluke. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa asidi kosalamulirika bwino, kutentha kwambiri, kapena nthawi yochulukirapo yomiza.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupopera pang'ono kwa chitsulo kumasiya mamba a oxide osaphwanyika pang'ono pamwamba pa chitsulo. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuzizira, kuwotcherera, kupaka utoto, ndi njira zina zomaliza pansi. Ubwino wa pamwamba umachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la zilema ndi dzimbiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mphamvu yochepa ya asidi, kutentha kochepa m'bafa, kapena liwiro la mzere lomwe limayikidwa mofulumira kwambiri kuti chitsulocho chichotsedwe bwino.
Kuti zinthu zizikhala zodalirika komanso kuchepetsa zolakwika, mafakitale achitsulo amadalira kuyang'anira mwamphamvu magawo ofunikira monga kuchuluka kwa asidi, nthawi yothira, ndi kutentha. Njira zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi yeniyeni, kuphatikiza zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi zokha (monga Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration meter), zoyezera kuchuluka kwa foloko, ndi machitidwe owongolera kuchuluka kwa flow meter, zimathandiza kuti nthawi yomweyo zisamachitike mopitirira muyeso. Machitidwewa amathandizira kuwongolera njira yotsekedwa ndikukhazikitsa kapangidwe ka batch, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kupopera kwambiri komanso kosakwanira, makamaka panthawi yosintha zinthu kapena kukalamba kwa bafa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito asidi ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso zachilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito asidi wa hydrochloric acid kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo, ndi makulidwe a oxide pamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumawonjezera mtengo wa zinthu zopangira, kumawonjezera zinyalala zoopsa, komanso kumawonjezera mavuto azachilengedwe. Njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito asidi pokonza zitsulo—monga njira zodzipangira zokha asidi, kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kusamba, komanso kuonjezera mlingo—zimathandizira kupanga bwino zinthu pamene zikuchepetsa ndalama ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Kulamulira nthawi zonse kukhazikika kwa mtimakusonkhanitsa asidi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika kudzera mu kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi yeniyeni, zimathandizira kudziwikiratu bwino komanso zimateteza gawo la zinthu panthawi yonse yopanga. Kusunga bwino pakati pa kuchotsa okosijeni ndi kusunga gawo la zinthu sikuti kumangowonjezera luso lokolola komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zomwe zili pansi pake komanso kukhutitsa makasitomala.
Zoganizira za Chilengedwe ndi Chitetezo
Utsi wa hydrochloric acid ndi woopsa kwambiri pa thanzi la anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kupezeka m'thupi—ngakhale pakakhala kotsika kwambiri—kungayambitse kuyabwa kwa njira yopumira, matenda a bronchitis, komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mapapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Deta ya matenda imasonyeza kuti pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi ya m'khosi mwa ogwira ntchito yomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse. Kuyang'anira mpweya mosalekeza, mpweya wabwino, makina otulutsa utsi m'deralo, ndi zotsukira utsi wa asidi ndi chitetezo chofunikira. Zipangizo zodzitetezera monga zopumira ndi zovala zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimakhalabe njira yodzitetezera.
Ukadaulo wowongolera mpweya woipa umathandizira njira yotetezera chilengedwe. Machitidwe obwezeretsa asidi otsekedwa amabwezeretsanso hydrochloric acid yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi watsopano komanso kutulutsa zinthu zodetsa. Njira zodziwika bwino zobwezeretsanso zimaphatikizapo ma reactor a pyrohydrolysis, diffusion dialysis, ndi acid sorption, iliyonse yokonzedwa bwino kuti igwirizane ndi zofunikira zinazake zotulutsa ndi kapangidwe ka asidi. Machitidwewa amalola kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa mpaka 99.5% ya HCl, motero amathandizira kukhazikika kwa njira.
Kukhazikika kwa njira yoyendetsera bwino kumafunika kuti zitsatire miyezo yotulutsa mpweya, monga yomwe yafotokozedwa ndi EPA's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants. Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa asidi kokha—kudzera mu zoyezera kuyenda kwa coriolis ndi zida zapamwamba zoyezera zokha—kumalola kuwongolera kwambiri mankhwala osambira, kuthandizira kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya komanso kugwira ntchito bwino.
Kuchepetsa kutulutsa zinthu zodetsa, kudzera mu njira yowongolera bwino njira yopangira asidi, sikuti kumangotsimikizira kuti malamulo akutsatira malamulo komanso kuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito ndi chilengedwe. Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi kuwongolera njira zophatikizika kumachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakusunga ntchito zopangira zitsulo zotetezeka, zogwira mtima, komanso zokhazikika.
MotsatanaCkukhazikikaUkadaulo Woyezera ndi Udindo Wawo Pakukonza Njira Zophikira
Mfundo za Inline AcidCkukhazikikaMuyeso
Kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni kuchuluka kwa asidi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga molondola njira yopangira hydrochloric acid pa hot rolled strip. Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa asidi mkati mwa mzere kumathandiza kupereka mayankho mwachangu pa kuchuluka kwa asidi m'bafa, zomwe zimathandiza kusintha mwachangu kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino.
Kuchuluka kwa asidi wa hydrochloric acid kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kuchuluka ndi mphamvu ya kuchotsa oxide. Kukhazikitsa magawo a njira yokhazikika—makamaka kuchuluka kwa asidi—kumaletsa kusinthasintha komwe kungayambitse kusonkhanitsa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa substrate, kapena kusonkhanitsa pang'ono, komwe kumasiya sikelo yotsala. Poyesa kuchuluka kwa asidi mkati, ogwira ntchito amakwaniritsa kuwongolera kolimba kwa kusonkhanitsa, kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kutayika, komanso kukulitsa mtundu wa zotuluka. Kuyeza kosalekeza kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pamakina owongolera otsekedwa, komwe deta ya kusonkhanitsa imayendetsa kupanga ndi kupereka asidi wokha, kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwala osambira nthawi zonse komanso kuchepetsa kudalira zitsanzo zamanja.
Chidule cha KeyCkukhazikikaUkadaulo wa Mamita
FolokoCkukhazikikaMita
Miyeso ya kuchuluka kwa mafoloko imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yogwedeza foloko. Matayi a sensa amanjenjemera pafupipafupi yosinthika ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Njirayi imapereka muyeso wachangu komanso wokhazikika wowunikira bafa la asidi pa intaneti, makamaka m'mizere yopitilira yachitsulo. Miyeso ya kuchuluka kwa mafoloko ndi yolimba, imalekerera nyengo zovuta, ndipo siifuna kukonzedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuyang'anira mabafa osambira osambira a hydrochloric acid popanga zitsulo. Kulumikizana kwawo mwachindunji ndi machitidwe odziyimira pawokha kumapangitsa kuti malipoti a deta aziwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi mu kupukuta kwa asidi.
Lonnmeter Yodziyimira Yokha CkukhazikikaMita
Choyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi chodziyimira chokha cha Lonnmeter chimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ultrasonic, kupereka kuyang'anira kosalekeza kuchuluka kwa asidi m'bafa popanda kusunthika. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma alloy ndi ma polima osagonjetsedwa ndi asidi, dongosolo la Lonnmeter limapirira mikhalidwe yolimba ya hydrochloric acid pickling. Mphamvu zake zodziyimira zokha zimaphatikizapo kutulutsa deta yozama nthawi yeniyeni (kudzera pa 4-20mA kapena RS485) ku machitidwe olamulira ogawidwa kuti apange ndi kupereka asidi. Izi zimachepetsa kulowererapo kwa anthu, zimathandiza kasamalidwe ka bafa, komanso zimachepetsa kusinthasintha kwa njira. Ikaphatikizidwa mu closed-loop process control, Lonnmeter imawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a pickling, imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukana, komanso imathandizira njira zabwino kwambiri zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito asidi.
Chiyeso China Choyendera CkukhazikikaUkadaulo
Njira zina zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi zimaphatikizapo zida zogwedera ndi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito masensa oyendera liwiro la mawu ndi ma conductivity. Ukadaulo uliwonse umapereka mphamvu zapadera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi momwe zimakhalira m'bafa losambira. Mwachitsanzo, ma vibrating-wire meters amapereka mphamvu zambiri zoyezera koma angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi kuipitsidwa kwa bafa. Kuphatikiza kwa liwiro la mawu/ma conductivity kumatha kusiyanitsa molondola asidi ndi mchere wosungunuka, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa hydrochloric acid pickling yapamwamba komwe zonse zimafunika kuyang'aniridwa kuti zitetezedwe ndi substrate. Kusankha kumadalira malo ogwirira ntchito, kulondola kofunikira poyezera, kusavuta kuphatikiza, komanso zosowa zosamalira.
Kuphatikiza kwa Inline CkukhazikikaMamita mu Hydrochloric Acid Pickling
Pa mizere yopitira patsogolo yopangira pickling, mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi imayikidwa mwachindunji mu dera lozungulira asidi, pogwiritsa ntchito ma flange olimba ndi mipata kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya makina kapena mankhwala. Ntchito zamagulu zimagwiritsa ntchito malo oyezera madzi m'malo ofunikira mkati mwa bafa kuti aziyang'anira malo kapena kuzungulira kwa madzi.
Kuti asidi achuluke kwambiri mu ndondomeko yosonkhanitsa, masensawa amalumikizidwa ndi makina odzipangira okha asidi, kuonetsetsa kuti deta ikupezeka nthawi yomweyo kuti iperekedwe molondola. Kupeza deta nthawi zambiri kumachitika kudzera mu njira zowongolera mafakitale, ndipo zizindikiro zimatumizidwa ku nsanja zowunikira zapakati kuti ziyankhe mwachangu.
Makina odziyimira pawokha amafikira ku ma feedback control loops omwe amasintha kuchuluka kwa asidi kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe akufuna. Kusintha bwino kwa machitidwewa kumalepheretsa kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso—kupewa kuwonongeka kwa substrate—ndi kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso—kuchotsa kuchotsedwa kwa sikelo kosakwanira. Zotsatira zake ndi khalidwe lokhazikika la mzere, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi, komanso kukhazikika kwa njira zoyendetsera ntchito. Njira zokhazikitsira zimafuna kuteteza chilengedwe cha masensa, mawaya otsekedwa, ndi kuyeretsa kokonzedwa kuti zisunge kudalirika kwa muyeso. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kuyang'anira masensa, kutsindika chitetezo, chisamaliro cha chipangizo, komanso kuyankha ku zolakwika pakugwira ntchito.
Kuwongolera Njira Yotsekeka Yokonzera Kusamba Kosambira
Kufunika kwa Deta Yeniyeni ndi Machitidwe Oyankha Mafunso
Kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa asidi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera bwino njira yotsekeka mu njira yopangira asidi pa mzere wozungulira wotentha. Mamita oyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi, kuphatikiza mita ya Lonnmeter yoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi kapena mafoloko, amayikidwa mwachindunji mu njira yozungulira ya pickling bath. Zipangizozi zimapereka ndemanga yokhazikika, yeniyeni pa kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid ndi kuchuluka kwa bath. Deta imatumizidwa kwa wowongolera njira, nthawi zambiri wowongolera logic (PLC), yemwe amatanthauzira chidziwitsocho ndikutumiza malamulo ku machitidwe oyesa kapena mapompo opangira acid.
Ma flow meters a Coriolis poyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi, komanso njira zowongolera kuchuluka kwa asidi, amapereka njira yolondola kwambiri yoyendetsera kuchuluka kwa asidi. Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi yeniyeni sikuti kumangowonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komanso kumathandiza kusintha kwa mlingo wokha—asidi amawonjezedwa pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kuti pakhale malo okhazikika, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochulukirapo.
Njira zosinthira zokha zimachepetsa kulakwitsa kwa anthu ndi kuchedwa. Pamene kuchuluka kwa asidi kutsika pansi pa malire oyenera ochotsera bwino sikelo, dongosololi limayamba kuwonjezera asidi pogwiritsa ntchito malo obayira mwachindunji. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati kuchuluka kwake kukukwera kufika pamlingo womwe ungayambitse kuukira kwa substrate, kuyimitsa mlingo kapena zinthu zoletsa kufalikira kwa madzi zimayambitsidwa zokha. Njira imeneyi imaletsa kuchulukitsa kwa madzi ndi kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa madzi, kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa strip substrate ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magawo a ndondomekoyi akukhazikika panthawi yonse yopangira hydrochloric acid popanga zitsulo.
Kugawa kwa asidi wofanana kumachitika kudzera mu kusakaniza kolamulidwa komanso kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kupondaponda kwambiri kapena madera osakonzedwa bwino. Makina odziyimira okha amayankha mwachangu kusinthasintha kwa liwiro la strip, katundu, kapena momwe chitsulo chimakhalira pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti milingo yokhazikika ikhale yofunikira kwambiri kuti chitetezo cha strip substrate chitetezeke. Njira zotsekedwazi zimagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi masensa ozungulira kuti apeze pH, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsulo. Kupereka deta yokwanira nthawi yeniyeni kumathandiza kuwongolera bwino njira, kupewa kusagwirizana kwa batch, komanso kuthandizira kubwerezabwereza kwakukulu pa zotsatira za pickling.
Zotsatira ndi Kupanga Mtengo
Kulamulira kuchuluka kwa asidi m'madzi oyeretsera kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu pa ntchito, zachuma, komanso zachilengedwe.
Kuyang'anira bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotsekeka komanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwa asidi mkati mwa mzere kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa asidi wopangidwa ndi zinthu zina ndikuchepetsa kutha kwake ngati pakufunika. Ma flow meter a Coriolis, makina odzipangira okha, ndi zida monga Lonnmeter zimaonetsetsa kuti asidiyo amadzazidwanso bwino, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yobwezeretsanso bafa ndikuwonjezera moyo wothandiza wa bafa losambira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti asidi wopangidwa ndi hydrochloric acid asamagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri komanso kuti asidi wopangidwa ndi zinthu zina asamagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalama zogwirira ntchito zichepa komanso kuchepetsa mavuto azachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo zinyalala zoopsa zomwe zimafuna kukonzedwa kapena kutayidwa.
Kukhazikika kwa kuchuluka kwa asidi kumakhudza mwachindunji ubwino ndi kukolola pamwamba. Machitidwe odziyimira pawokha amasunga asidi pawindo labwino kwambiri lochotsera okosijeni popanda kudulidwa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa zolakwika, kusweka kwa coil, kapena kutha kosasinthasintha kwa pamwamba—zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa nthawi yomweyo komanso kukana dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Magawo okhazikika a njira zomwe zimachitika kudzera mu closed-loop control amapereka mphamvu yayikulu yogwirira ntchito ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukana pa chinthu chomalizidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino asidi kumabweretsanso phindu lalikulu—zochitika zochepetsera kubwezeretsa asidi (kapena kubwezeretsanso) zimachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito kwa zomera, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndi mpweya woipa. Kutsatira malamulo a chilengedwe kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kutulutsa asidi komanso kuchepa kwa kutayika kwa njira zosinthira. Ubwino wake umawonjezeka pamene njira zobwezeretsanso kapena kubwezeretsa zinthu zimagwirizanitsidwa, chifukwa ntchito yokhazikika imachepetsa kuchuluka ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitsinje yomwe ikufunika kubwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira zosungira zinthuzi zikhale zogwira mtima kwambiri.
Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi kusintha kwa closed-loop ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi mu njira yosonkhanitsira. Kukhazikitsa kumatha kubweretsa phindu mwachangu pa ndalama kudzera mu kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi, kuchepetsa zinyalala, kukulitsa phindu, komanso kutsatira malamulo okhazikika. Zotsatirazi zatsimikiziridwa mu ntchito zamafakitale, ndi kuchepa kolembedwa kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka asidi komanso kukhazikika bwino kwa ntchito zonse ziwiri komanso mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zapangidwa.
Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mzere Wopopera Asidi Wokha
Kuyang'anira Kosalekeza ndi Kulamulira Kukhazikika
Kuwongolera bwino njira yopangira hydrochloric acid pickling ya hot rolled strip kumayamba ndi kuyeza molondola komanso nthawi yeniyeni kuchuluka kwa asidi. Ma inline concentration mita—monga Coriolis flow mita, fork concentration mita, ndi Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration mita—ayenera kuyikidwa mwachindunji mu thanki iliyonse yopangira payipi komanso pamalo ofunikira kwambiri operekera chakudya ndi kutulutsa madzi. Kuyika kwa sensa yanzeru kumatsimikizira kuti asidi amatengedwa m'malo omwe ali ndi chisokonezo chachikulu kapena kuyenda kosalekeza, kuchepetsa madera akufa ndi zolakwika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'deralo.
Kuyesa kwa masensa nthawi zonse n'kofunikira. Kuyesa kwa ma calibration kumadalira mphamvu ya asidi ndi malangizo a opanga koma kuyenera kuchitika osachepera kotala kapena pambuyo poti kukonza kuyimitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito miyezo yowunikira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi matrix ya mankhwala a mabafa enieni kuti atsimikizire kulondola. Akatswiri ayenera kulemba zambiri za kuyesa ndikutsimikizira kusuntha kwa masensa kuti atsimikizire kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ndondomeko yokonza bwino imaphatikizapo kuyang'anira nthawi, kuyeretsa kuti muchotse kukula kwa iron oxide, ndi kutsimikizira kuti zinthu sizikuyenda bwino m'chipinda choyezera. Sinthanitsani zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi sensor nthawi yomweyo kuti mupewe kugwedezeka kapena kulephera, makamaka m'malo omwe ali ndi dzimbiri kwambiri monga momwe zilili ndi mizere ya asidi m'mafakitale.
Kuyang'ana kosalekeza kwa kapangidwe ka asidi m'madzi kumadalira kuwerengera kwamoyo kuchokera ku zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi. Mapulogalamu owongolera njira amagwiritsa ntchito deta iyi kuti azitha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa asidi m'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza zoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi m'madzi a Lonnmeter kumathandiza kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni kuchuluka kwa HCl, kuchotsa zongopeka ndikuchepetsa kuchedwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi titration yamanja. Kuwongolera njira yotsekedwa mu pickling ya asidi kumalumikiza miyeso iyi ndi mapampu oyesa, kukonza kuchuluka kwa asidi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kusunga kuchuluka kokhazikika kwa zinthu kumaletsa kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso—zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chitayike kwambiri komanso asidi agwiritsidwe ntchito mopitirira muyeso—ndi kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimasiya zotsalira za sikelo ndikuwononga ubwino wa pamwamba. Malo okhazikitsira kuchuluka kwa asidi ayenera kusinthidwa mosinthasintha kutengera gawo lapansi, kutentha, ndi liwiro la mzere. Machitidwe monga kupanga asidi odzipangira okha amadalira izi kuti apereke mlingo mwachangu komanso molondola.
Konzani ma alarm ndi ma interlock systems mu ndondomekoyi DCS kapena PLC kuti muchitepo kanthu nthawi yomweyo pakusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa asidi wotetezeka. Machitidwe akuluakulu ndi awa:
- Ikani malire a alamu kunja kwa ma process band abwino kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi HCl yambiri.
- Phatikizani alamu iliyonse ndi zochita zolumikizirana monga kutseka kwa dosing yokha, kuchepetsa liwiro la mzere, kapena njira zodulira bafa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito njira zodziwiratu zamtsogolo pochenjeza anthu za ngozi—makina apamwamba amayambitsa ma alarm osati kokha pa mawerengedwe aposachedwa komanso pa maulendo oyembekezeredwa kutengera deta yomwe ikuchitika.
Kutsimikizira ndi kuyesa pafupipafupi kwa makina a alamu, pamodzi ndi maphunziro athunthu a ogwiritsa ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti zolakwika panjira zapezeka ndikukonzedwa musanakhudze ubwino wa chinthu kapena chitetezo cha zida.
Chitetezo ndi Chitsimikizo cha Chilengedwe
Chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi antchito chimafuna kuphatikiza bwino mizere yopangira asidi ndi njira zochepetsera utsi ndi njira zobwezeretsanso asidi. Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa asidi mkati mwa mzere kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa momwe zinthu zilili, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kupanga nthunzi ndi zinyalala.
Mizere yopangira zinthu zophikira iyenera kulumikiza deta yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku makina owongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi zowongolera zochepetsera mpweya woipa, monga zotulutsira mpweya, zophimba, ndi zowonjezera zoletsa utsi. Pamene makina oyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi awona maulendo opita kumalo okwera kwambiri, njira yodziwira yokha iyenera kuyambitsa makina oletsa utsi kapena kusintha mpweya wokwanira kuti achepetse kutulutsa kwa nthunzi ya hydrochloric acid.
Phatikizani mizere ya pickling ndi mayunitsi obwezeretsa asidi, monga pyrohydrolysis kapena ma reactor amadzimadzi. Deta yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi iyenera kuyambitsa kuchotsa asidi ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi watsopano wobwezeretsedwa mu closed-loop, kusunga kapangidwe kake pamene mukuonetsetsa kuti zinyalala ndi mphamvu sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Izi sizimangothandiza zolinga zachilengedwe komanso zimapereka mwayi wochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi mwachindunji mu pickling yachitsulo polola kuti zinthu zipangidwe nthawi iliyonse.
Zinthu zoopsa zotsalira zimasamalidwa bwino poyang'anira kusamba pa intaneti komanso kutuluka magazi nthawi ndi nthawi m'bafa. Sungani pH ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi m'malo onse otayira zinyalala kuti muwonetsetse kuti malamulo akutsatira.
Zochita zodzitetezera zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuyang'anira ndi kukonza zida zochepetsera ndi kuchepetsa nthunzi nthawi zonse.
- Kuyang'ana kwadongosolo kwa umphumphu wa dongosolo kuti mupeze kutuluka kwa madzi—kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi kapena kukwera kwa pH nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza kutayika kwa asidi kosayembekezereka.
- Kuzimitsa zokha ndi kuchita zinthu zolumikizana nthawi zonse pamene zochitika zochenjeza zachitika, zomwe zimachepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe komanso kukhudzidwa ndi ntchito.
- Maphunziro a ogwira ntchito pa njira zadzidzidzi, olimbikitsidwa ndi maphunziro obwerezabwereza otsimikizira dongosolo.
Kukhazikika kwa njira yolondola komanso yogwirizana—pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga Lonnmeter ndi kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni—kumabweretsa kusintha koyezeka pakulamulira kuchuluka kwa asidi mu pickling, kuteteza ubwino wa chinthu komanso chilengedwe.
Njira Yopangira Chitsulo Chotentha Chozungulira
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Njira zamakono zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mizere, monga zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi zokha—kuphatikizapo makina a Lonnmeter—zasintha kwambiriasidi wa hydrochloricNjira yopangira pickling ya strip yotenthedwa ndi zitsulo zina. Mwa kupereka nthawi zonse kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa asidi ndi mchere wachitsulo m'madzi, zida izi zimachotsa kuchedwa kwa kusanthula ndi ma labotale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa ntchito zizikhala bwino. Mapangidwe awo olimba, osakonza zinthu, amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosagwira dzimbiri zoyenera malo owopsa, kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi zinthu zoopsa kwa ogwira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo panthawi ya ntchito zachizolowezi. Machitidwe okhazikika a inline concentration amapereka mayankho mwachangu kudzera muzotulutsa za digito, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira mwachangu zolakwika ndikuthandizira ntchito zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimachepetsa zoopsa.
Makina odziyimira okha otsekedwa amagwiritsa ntchito makina oyezera awa, kuwalumikiza ndi owongolera a digito ndi makina odzipangira okha a asidi pa mizere yopangira zinthu. Kapangidwe kameneka kamasintha kuchuluka kwa asidi kutengera deta ya sensa yeniyeni, kuonetsetsa kuti magawo a njira ndi khalidwe logwirizana la zinthu. Makina odziyimira okha amachepetsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zitayike kwambiri, komanso kupewa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zingayambitse zolakwika pamwamba. Mwa kuwongolera nthawi zonse kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu panthawi yopangira zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, opanga amateteza zinthu zodulidwa ndikukonza gawo lililonse la kuyeretsa mankhwala. Makinawa amathandiziranso njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito asidi mwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri asidi, kuchepetsa zinthu zolowetsa asidi wosaphika, ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa njira kapena kukonzanso.
Kuphatikiza kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito a fork concentration meter ndi phindu la Coriolis flow meter kumatsimikizira kukhathamiritsa bwino kwa acid mu ndondomeko yonse yopangira pickling. Njira yoyendetsedwa ndi deta iyi imapangitsa kuti pickling ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino, imawonjezera ubwino wa chitsulo chomaliza, komanso imathandizira kupanga kokhazikika, kokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kusakhala ndi malo ambiri oteteza chilengedwe. Zotsatira za chilengedwe zimachepetsedwanso kudzera muukadaulo wotseka wa acid treatment, womwe umabwezeretsanso hydrochloric acid yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikubwezeretsanso madzi, kuchepetsa kwambiri kupanga zinyalala zoopsa komanso kuthandizira kutsatira malamulo. Kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera nthawi yeniyeni kumapatsa mphamvu opanga zitsulo kuti akwaniritse miyezo yokhwima yokhazikika komanso yotumiza kunja zitsulo.
Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi yokhazikika, yokhazikika, monga Lonnmeter—yophatikizidwa mu machitidwe oletsa njira yotsekedwa—kumapereka kudalirika, kufanana kwakukulu kwa zinthu, komanso kupita patsogolo koyezeka pachitetezo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama moyenera pa njira yopangira chitsulo cha hydrochloric acid. Zatsopanozi zimathandiza kupanga zitsulo mokhazikika komanso mowongoleredwa bwino komanso mopanda vuto pomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso kutayika kwa zinthu.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi asidi amagwira ntchito yanji kuganizira kwambiriKodi mita imaseweredwa bwanji mu njira yopangira hydrochloric acid?
Choyezera kuchuluka kwa asidi chimayikidwa pamzere mkati mwa bafa yophikira kuti chipereke muyeso wokhazikika wa kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid nthawi yeniyeni. Kuwunika kumeneku nthawi yeniyeni kumathandiza ogwira ntchito kusunga milingo yabwino kwambiri ya asidi panthawi yonse yophikira asidi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa strip yotenthedwa. Deta yopitilira imachepetsa kudalira zitsanzo zamanja, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi nthawi yochedwa komanso zolakwika za anthu. Mwa kulola kusintha mwachangu kwa mlingo wa asidi, choyezerachi chimathandiza kupewa kupopera kwambiri—zomwe zingayambitse kutayika kwa chitsulo ndi kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba—ndi kupopera pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sikelo ya oxide isakwaniritsidwe komanso zolakwika pamwamba. Njirayi imathandizira mikhalidwe yokhazikika ya ntchito, imatalikitsa nthawi yosambira, ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinyalala zichepe komanso chitetezo chabwino cha strip substrate.
Kodi choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi mu Coriolis chimathandiza bwanji kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi mu hydrochloric acid?
Choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi a Coriolis choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi chimapereka mawerengedwe olondola, nthawi imodzi a kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi mu mzere wothira madzi. Mamita awa amachotsa zolakwika za nthawi zonse poyesa kuchuluka kwa asidi nthawi zonse komanso mwachindunji pamene madzi akuyenda m'dongosolo. Kulondola kwawo kwakukulu kumathandizira kusintha kokha kuchuluka kwa asidi mu dongosolo loletsa njira yotsekedwa. Pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi kumasintha—chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa chitsulo kapena kuchepa kwa asidi—choyezera madzi cha Coriolis chimadziwitsa nthawi yomweyo dongosolo lowongolera, lomwe lingawonjezere kapena kuchepetsa kupanga kwa asidi moyenerera. Izi zimasunga njira yothira madzi mkati mwa mulingo woyenera, kukonza magwiridwe antchito a kuthira madzi, kuchepetsa zinyalala za asidi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino panthawi yothira madzi a hydrochloric acid popanga zitsulo.
N’chifukwa chiyani kulamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi m’thupi n’kofunika kwambiri posankha asidi wothira m’chidutswa chotentha?
Kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa oxide mu njira yopangira hydrochloric acid ndikofunikira kuti muchotse bwino oxide scale popanda kuwononga chitsulo. Pamene kuchuluka kwa asidi kuli kochepa kwambiri, kuchotsa scale kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chisawonongeke komanso kuti chisawonongeke. Pamene asidi ali wamphamvu kwambiri, amatha kuwononga pamwamba pa chitsulo, kuonjezera ndalama komanso kungayambitse zolakwika pakupanga. Njira zoyezera kuchuluka kwa oxide zokha, monga kugwiritsa ntchito Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration mita, zimasunga kuchuluka kwa asidi mkati mwa magawo abwino kwambiri. Izi sizimangowonjezera chitetezo cha substrate komanso zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi kwambiri komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Kuwongolera koyenera kumathandizanso kutsatira miyezo ya chilengedwe poyang'anira kutulutsa kwa asidi ndikuchepetsa zinyalala zoopsa.
Kodi ubwino wa zodzoladzola zokha za asidi mu mizere ya pickling ndi wotani?
Makina odzipangira okha asidi a pickling lines amalumikizana ndi inline concentration measurements kuti asinthe mlingo wa asidi momwe amafunikira nthawi yeniyeni. Makina odzipangira okhawa amachepetsa kapena kuthetsa kulowererapo kwa manja, kukhazikika kwa magawo a njira monga mphamvu ya asidi, kutentha kwa bafa, ndi kuchuluka kwa ayoni yachitsulo. Ubwino wake ndi monga:
- Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito asidi, chifukwa mlingo umagwirizana ndi zosowa zenizeni za njira ndipo umabwezeretsanso asidi wobwezeretsedwa.
- Kuchepetsa kupanga zinyalala komanso kutsatira malamulo oteteza chilengedwe chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Kukhazikika kwa njira yogwirira ntchito nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutaya madzi m'bafa.
- Chitetezo chabwino kwa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa la asidi.
Machitidwe odzipangira okha asidi amathandizanso kusintha mwachangu kuti apange zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yopangira asidi ikhale yabwino kwambiri nthawi zonse.
Foloko yolowera mkati mwa chitini kuganizira kwambiriKodi mita zimathandiza kupewa kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso?
Miyeso ya inline fork concentration imapereka kuyang'anira kosalekeza mphamvu ya asidi, kuthandizira kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo ngati kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid kukuyenda kunja kwa malo okhazikika. Kuzindikira mwachangu kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti dongosololi liyambe kupanga kapena kuchita zinthu zochepetsera asidi zokha. Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso ya fork concentration mu pickling ya asidi kumachepetsa mwachindunji chiopsezo cha pickling yochulukirapo—mkhalidwe womwe kutayika kwa chitsulo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito asidi wambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsika kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mwamphamvu kwambiri. Mwa kuthandizira kulamulira kotsekedwa, miyeso iyi imachepetsa chiopsezo cha cholakwika cha wogwiritsa ntchito ndikusunga njira yopangira asidi ya hot rolled strip mkati mwa mawindo opapatiza komanso ogwira ntchito bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala, kusunga umphumphu wa substrate, komanso kugwira ntchito kokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-01-2025
