Mu ntchito zapamadzi, kuyika m'zipinda zapansi panthaka ndi njira yodzaza mafuta m'zombo ndimafuta a m'nyanjandipo ndi mgwirizano wofunikira pakati pa kupezeka kwa mafuta ndi magwiridwe antchito a injini.Kukhuthala kwa mafutandiye maziko osayamikirika a ulalowu. Kwa aliyensentchito yomanga mipanda m'sitimakusunga njira yoyenerakukhuthala kwa mafutasi tsatanetsatane waukadaulo wokha; ndi maziko owonetsetsa kuti injini za m'madzi zikugwira ntchito bwino poteteza zida zamafuta ndikupewa nthawi yowononga ndalama.Mafuta a m'nyanjaKudalira kukhuthala kwa mafuta kolondola kuti kuyende bwino m'mapaipi kumalumikizana ndi zigawo zamakina amafuta ndikuyaka bwino mu injini zazikulu ndi zothandizira. Kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa kukhuthala kwa mafuta ngakhale 10-15 cSt kuchokera pamlingo wofunikira kungayambitse mavuto kuchokera ku ma injector otsekeka kupita ku mphamvu yochepa ya injini zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyang'anira kukhuthala kwa mafuta nthawi yeniyeni kukhale sitepe yosakambirana mu bunkering yamakono.
Momwe Kusokonezeka Kolakwika Kumawonongera Machitidwe a M'madzi
Zolakwikakukhuthala kwa mafutaKaya okwera kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri amaukira makina amafuta am'madzi ndi mainjini omwe ali pakati pawo ndipo vuto lililonse limayambira ku kusokonekera kwa mphamvu yamadzi. Tiyeni tigawane momwe zinthu zilili pazigawo zazikulu:
Kusunga M'nyumba Potumiza Zinthu
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Mapampu a Mafuta
Zigawo izi zimadalirakukhuthala kwa mafutakuti pakhale mphamvu yofunikira popereka mafuta. Ngati kukhuthala kwa mafuta kuli kwakukulu kwambiri (kofala ndi zinthu zomwe sizili bwino)mafuta a m'nyanjapanthawi yantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitima) Pampu iyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ikankhire madzi okhuthala omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kukangana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwalo zamkati monga magiya ndi ma rotor. Kupsinjika kowonjezera kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pampu iwonongeke mwachangu kumachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino ndipo pamapeto pake kungayambitse kugwidwa kwa pampu ngatikukhuthala kwa mafutaimakhala kunja kwa malo otetezeka. Kumbali ina - yotsika kwambirikukhuthala kwa mafuta(nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha zinthu zodetsedwa kapena zosasamalidwa bwinomafuta a m'nyanja) amachepetsa mphamvu ya madzimadzi yotseka mapampu omwe amatsogolera ku kutayika kwa mphamvu (kupanga thovu la mpweya wowononga) komanso kulephera kwa pampu msanga.
Majekeseni
Atomu yoyenera yamafuta a m'nyanjaKusintha mafuta kukhala nthunzi yabwino kuti mafuta ayake bwino kumadalira kwambiri kukhuthala kwa mafuta. Kukhuthala kwa mafuta ambiri kumatanthauza kuti mafuta ndi okhuthala kwambiri kuti asanduke atomu moyenera; m'malo mwa nthunzi amapanga madontho akuluakulu omwe sayaka konse. Madontho osayaka awa amamatira ku makoma a masilinda zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uunjikane womwe umakanda masilinda ndikuwononga mphete za pistoni pakapita nthawi.kukhuthala kwa mafutaMosiyana ndi zimenezi, mafuta amasanduka tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri tomwe timayaka mofulumira kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo otentha azikhala m'chipinda choyaka moto. Malo otentha awa amatha kusungunula nsonga za injector zomwe zimasokoneza kapangidwe ka injector ndipo zimapangitsa kuti injini igwetse zonse zomwe zimawononga magwiridwe antchito ndikufupikitsa nthawi ya injector.
Zoyeretsa
Zotsukira mafuta a m'nyanja (kapena zolekanitsa) zimachotsa madzi ndi zinthu zosafunika kuchokera ku mafuta a m'nyanja ndipo kugwira ntchito bwino kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi kukhuthala kwa mafuta. Kukhuthala kwa mafuta ambiri kumachepetsa kuyenda kwa mafuta kudzera mu chotsukira kumachepetsa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya centrifugal yolekanitsa zinthu zodetsa; izi zimasiya madzi ndi matope mu mafuta omwe amazungulira kupita ku injini ndikuyambitsa dzimbiri. Kukhuthala kochepa kwa mafuta panthawiyi kumapangitsa kuti mafuta ayende mofulumira kwambiri kudzera mu chotsukira kutanthauza kuti ngakhale zinthu zosafunika kwenikweni sizimagwidwa— zinthu zosafunikazi zimagwira ntchito ngati zinthu zokwawa zomwe zimakanda zigawo za dongosolo la mafuta ndikutseka zosefera.
Injini Zazikulu ndi Zothandiza
Zotsatira zosonkhanitsidwa za zolakwikakukhuthala kwa mafutaimagunda kwambiri injini. Yapamwambakukhuthala kwa mafutazimayambitsa kuyaka kosakwanira komwe kumawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apadera (SFOC) kutanthauza kuti injini imayaka kwambirimafuta a m'nyanjakupanga mphamvu yomweyo ndipo kumatulutsa mpweya wambiri wa soot ndi nitrogen oxides. Pakapita nthawi kuyaka kosakwanira kumabweretsanso kuti mpweya wa carbon womwe umayikidwa pa ma valve ndi ma turbocharger umachepetsa kupsinjika kwa injini ndi mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsa.kukhuthala kwa mafutaKumbali inayi, mafuta amawononga mafuta: mafuta amagwira ntchito ngati mafuta enaake a injini monga ma injectors amafuta ndi ma piston rings ndipo mafuta otsika mphamvu sangapangitse filimu yoteteza. Kusowa kwa mafuta kumeneku kumayambitsa kukhudzana kwa chitsulo ndi chitsulo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma a masilinda ndi ma piston rings aziwonongeka kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina injini imalephera kugwira ntchito bwino zomwe zingalepheretse sitimayo yomwe ili paulendo, zomwe zimaika chitetezo cha panyanja ndi ogwira ntchito pachiwopsezo.
Ndalama Zobisika za Kuwunika Kusawoneka Bwino kwa Kukhuthala
Zolephera zaukadaulo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolakwikakukhuthala kwa mafutapanthawi yantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitimakumasulira mwachindunji ku kutayika kwachuma kooneka bwino komanso chisokonezo cha ntchito. Nthawi zambiri ndalama zimenezi zimachepetsedwa ndi ogwira ntchito mpaka atakumana ndi vuto. Tiyeni tiwerengere kuchuluka kwa zotsatira izi:
Ndalama Zokonzera ndi Kusintha
Zinthu zomwe zawonongeka ndi vuto la kukhuthala kwa mafuta nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula kuzikonza kapena kuzisintha. Mwachitsanzo, jekeseni imodzi yayikulu ya injini ya sitima yayikulu yonyamula katundu imatha kuwononga ndalama zokwana 5000 mpaka 15000 ndipo kusintha pampu yamafuta kumatha kuwononga ndalama zokwana 85000 zokha.
Ndalama Zowonjezereka Zogwirira Ntchito kuchokera ku SFOC Yapamwamba
Monga tanenera kale, sicholondolakukhuthala kwa mafutaimakweza SFOC. Pa sitima yapakati yonyamula makontena yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito matani 50 amafuta a m'nyanjaKuwonjezeka kwa 10% kwa SFOC patsiku (komwe kumachitika ndi mafuta okhuthala kwambiri) kumawonjezera matani 5 a mafuta owonjezera tsiku lililonse.
Nthawi Yogwira Ntchito Kunja kwa Ntchito
Litikukhuthala kwa mafutaKulephera kwa injini komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha injini kumakakamiza sitima kuyimitsa ntchito yokonza nthawi yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha "kusakhala pantchito" (nthawi zomwe sitimayo singapange ndalama) zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri.
Kuchedwa kwa Doko
Ngakhale zazing'onokukhuthala kwa mafutamavuto angayambitse kuchedwa panthawi ya ntchito za bunkering kapena doko. Ngati sitimayokukhuthala kwa mafutaNgati sitimayo ili kunja kwa doko lodziwikiratu, akuluakulu angafunike mayeso ena (monga kusanthula mafuta kwa anthu ena) komwe kungatenge maola 24-48. Kuchedwa kumeneku kumabweretsa kulephera kwa malo oimikapo sitimayo ndalama zowonjezera (monga ndalama zochepetsera nthawi yoti sitimayo ikhale nthawi yayitali) komanso kusokoneza nthawi ya sitimayo.
Zotsatira Zamalamulo ndi Malamulo: Kutsatira Malamulo Kuti Mupewe Zilango
Mu makampani a za m'madzikukhuthala kwa mafutasi nkhani yaukadaulo yokha; ndi lamulo ndi malamulo omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa ngati anyalanyazidwa. Umu ndi momwe kusatsatira malamulo kumachitikira:
Miyezo ya Makampani ndi Zophwanya Mapangano
Mafuta a m'nyanjaUbwino umayendetsedwa ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse wa ISO 8217 womwe umatchula magawo ofunikira kuphatikizakukhuthala kwa mafutaChilichonsentchito yomanga mipanda m'sitimaikugwirizana ndi mgwirizano womwe umafuna kuti uperekedwemafuta a m'nyanjakukwaniritsa ISO 8217 kapena zomwe zavomerezedwa. Ngati mafutawokukhuthala kwa mafutaKupatuka pa miyezo iyi (monga kupereka 420 cSt m'malo mwa 380 cSt yomwe yavomerezedwa) wogulitsayo akuswa mgwirizano. Izi zimapatsa woyendetsa sitimayo ufulu wopereka chiwongola dzanja cha kuwonongeka kuphatikizapo ndalama zokonzera zomwe zatayika chifukwa cha kubwereka komanso ndalama zosinthira mafuta.
Zoopsa za Layisensi Yogwirira Ntchito
Bwerezani kusatsatira malamulokukhuthala kwa mafutamiyezo ingaike chilolezo chogwirira ntchito cha sitima pachiwopsezo. Mabungwe olamulira akhoza kuyimitsa kapena kuchotsa zilolezo ngati sitimayo imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizili zoyenera nthawi zonse.mafuta a m'nyanjachifukwa izi zimayambitsa zoopsa zachilengedwe komanso chitetezo. Kutaya chilolezo chogwira ntchito kumatanthauza kuti sitimayo singathe kuyenda mpaka vutoli litathetsedwa, zomwe zingachititse kuti makampani ang'onoang'ono otumiza katundu asamagwire ntchito.
Dziwani Zambiri Zokhudza Ma Meter Ochulukirachulukira
Mayeso Ena Ogwiritsa Ntchito Paintaneti
Viscometer ya Mafuta a Lonnmeter: Yankho la Kuwunika Kukhuthala kwa Mafuta Pa Nthawi Yeniyeni
Kuthana ndi zoopsa za zolakwikakukhuthala kwa mafutapanthawi yantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitimaLonnmeter Oil Viscometer ndi chipangizo chapadera choyezera mafuta.viscometer yamadziimapereka kuwunika kodalirika nthawi yeniyeni komwe kumafunika kuti kusungidwemafuta a m'nyanjamkati mwa spec. Mosiyana ndi zitsanzo zamanja (zomwe zimakhala ndi zolakwika pang'onopang'ono komanso zimachedwa), izimuyeso wa kukhuthala kwa mkatiChipangizochi chapangidwa kuti chiziphatikizidwa mwachindunji m'matanki a mapaipi ozungulira kapena zombo zoyendetsera ntchito zomwe zimapereka deta yopitilira pakukhuthala kwa mafutapopanda kusokoneza ntchito.
Maluso Ofunika ndi Ubwino wa Kapangidwe
Viscometer ya Mafuta a Lonnmeter siimangokhala pamafuta a m'nyanja; imatha kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyenikukhuthala kwa mafutamafuta kuphatikizapo mafuta odzola mafuta, mafuta a masamba, mafuta osakonzedwa, mafuta obowola mafuta a dizilo, ndi madzi ogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana m'madzi. Kapangidwe kake kolimba kamathetsa mavuto a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi ntchito za m'madzi:
·Sizimaphulika komanso sizilowa madzi:Yokhala ndi mulingo wa Ex dIIBT6 (yosaphulika) ndi IP68 (yosalowa madzi), imapirira malo oyaka ndi chinyezi chambiri m'malo osungira sitima zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi.
·Sensor Yoletsa Kuipitsa:Malo oyezera salola kuti madzi azisungunuka kapena zinthu zina zodetsa zilowe m'malo mwake.mafuta a m'nyanjakuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ndi yokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchotsa kufunikira koyeretsa pafupipafupi.
·Mitundu Yogwirira Ntchito Yonse:Imatha kutentha mpaka 350℃ ndi kupsinjika mpaka 4.0 MPa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zolemeramafuta a m'nyanja(zomwe zimafuna kutenthetsa pasadakhale) ndi makina osungiramo zinthu okhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu.
Mafotokozedwe Aukadaulo
Mafotokozedwe onse a Lonnmeter Oil Viscometer amapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitima:
·Kuchuluka kwa Kukhuthala: 1 - 1000000 cP yophimba zonse zomwe zimagwirizanamafuta a m'nyanjamagiredi (kuyambira dizilo mpaka IFO 380 ndi kupitirira apo).
·Kulondola ndi Kubwerezabwereza: Kulondola kwa ±2% ~ 5% ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa ±1% ~ 2% kumatsimikizira kudalirika kwa deta kuti itsimikizire mtundu wa mafuta.
·Kulondola kwa Kutentha: Kulondola kwa kutentha kwa 1.0% kumadalira momwe kutentha kumakhudzirakukhuthala kwa mafuta(chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakutenthetsamafuta a m'nyanja).
·Mphamvu ndi Kulankhulana: Imagwira ntchito pa 24 VDC (mphamvu yokhazikika ya m'madzi) yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 24W ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa RS485 kuti igwirizane mosavuta ndi makina owongolera sitimayo.
·Kutulutsa: 4 - 20 mADC chizindikiro chakukhuthala kwa mafutakulola kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni pa gulu lowongolera la sitimayo.
·Zida ndi Malumikizidwe: Zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316 L Teflon ndi Hastelloy (zolimba ku dzimbiri kuchokera kumafuta a m'nyanja) yokhala ndi flange (muyezo wa HG20592) ndi ulusi wolumikizira kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyika m'mapaipi omwe alipo.
Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito
Viscometer ya Mafuta a Lonnmetermuyeso wa kukhuthala kwa mkatiUkadaulowu umachokera pa mfundo zotsimikizika za kayendedwe ka madzi zomwe zimatsimikizira kuphweka ndi kudalirika. Pakati pake pali chinthu chozindikira chooneka ngati ndodo chomwe chimagwedezeka pafupipafupi ndipo chimapotoka mozungulira mozungulira mzere wake wapakati. Pamene chinthucho chikuyendamafuta a m'nyanja(kapena mafuta ena) imakumana ndi mphamvu yokoka yomwe imawonjezeka ndikukhuthala kwa mafutaKukoka kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti chinthucho chitaye mphamvu;kukhuthala kwa mafutamphamvu ikatayika kwambiri. Zigawo zamagetsi za viscometer zimazindikira kutayika kwa mphamvu kumeneku ndipo zimasanduka chizindikiro choyezeka ndipo chotumizira chimasintha chizindikirocho kukhala chowonekera bwino.kukhuthala kwa mafutamtengo. Deta yeniyeniyi imatumizidwa ku makina owongolera sitimayo kuti ogwira ntchito asinthe zinthu monga kutentha kwa mafuta (kuti akonze).kukhuthala kwa mafuta) panthawi yantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitimakupewa mavuto m'malo mochitapo kanthu.
Kukhuthala kwa mafutaKuyang'anira nthawi yosungiramo zinthu m'mabwinja si sitepe yaukadaulo yokha, koma ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yopezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito bwino komanso phindu la sitimayo.viscometer yamadziimathetsa mavutowa popereka nthawi yeniyenimuyeso wa kukhuthala kwa mkatichifukwa chamafuta a m'nyanjakuthetsa kuchedwa kwa kusanthula ndi manja, kuchepetsa zolakwika ndikuthandizira kuwongolera mwachangu panthawi yantchito yomanga mipanda m'sitima.
Ngati mukufuna kuteteza ntchito zanu zapamadzi ku zoopsa za zolakwikakukhuthala kwa mafutaTikukupemphani kuti mutumize RFQ (Pempho la Mtengo) wa Lonnmeter Oil Viscometer. Gulu lathu lidzagwira nanu ntchito kuti ligwirizane ndi zosowa za sitima yanu kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukulandira kudalirika ndi magwiridwe antchito ofunikira kuti ntchito zanu ziyende bwino.
