Te Ine i te Kukū Huka i roto i te Hanga Miraka Waikawa
He māramatanga matatini o teraina whakaputa miraka kawaHe mea nui rawa atu tēnei ki te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga tino whai pānga mō te ine tika. He mahi ātaahua te tukanga nei, arā, he mahi tahi a ngā panonitanga ā-tinana me ngā tauhohenga koiora, ā, ka taea e ngā rerekētanga ngawari i tētahi wāhanga te horapa ki ngā rerekētanga nui o te hua whakamutunga. Ka wehewehea e tēnei tātaritanga tēnei mekameka uara uaua hei whakaatu i te kaupapa tika me te wā tino nui ote ine i te kukū hukai ia wāhanga.
The ModernYogurt ProductionPrngā wāhis
Te Whakaranu me te Whakapūmautanga o ngā Kai Tuatahi
Koinei te wāhanga tūāpapa e whakaranua ai te miraka mata, te paura miraka, me ngā mea reka wai kia tutuki ai ngā whāinga hanganga motuhake. Ko te kounga o te hua whakamutunga e whakawhirinaki ana ki tēnei paerewa tuatahi. Ko te whāinga matua i konei ko te whakatū i tētahi tīmatanga tika me te pumau mō te puranga whakaputa katoa, me te whakarite kia tika te whakahaere i te kukū o ngā huka whakapūkara katoa, tae atu ki te lactose me ngā mea reka kua tāpirihia. He whakaritenga tēnei mō ngā tukanga whakamuri e matapaetia ana, me te whakarite kia rite te puranga-ki-te-puranga. Ko ngā rauemi mata mō te miraka kawa me whai paerewa kounga teitei, pērā i ngā totoka miraka kāore e iti iho i te 11.2%. Ko te nui o te huka he taupū kounga rongo i roto i ngā inu miraka, e inehia ana hei ōrau o ngā totoka wairewa (°Brix).
He pānga nui te tika o tēnei inenga tuatahi puta noa i te tukanga katoa. Mā te hapa iti i roto i te kukū huka tuatahi ka arahi pea ki ngā rerekētanga nui, kāore hoki e taea te matapae i roto i te tere o te whakapūkara. Ko te mahi pākia o teStreptococcus thermophilusmeLactobacillus bulgaricusKo te wātea o te matū huka e pāngia tika ana e ngā ahurea, ā, ka pā tēnei ki te tere o te hekenga o te pH me te reka whakamutunga, te kakara, me te matotoru o te miraka kawa. Ko te tika tuatahi ehara i te mea ko te whakatutuki i tētahi whakaritenga anake; engari ko te whakatū i tētahi tauhohenga koiora e taea te matapae, koinei te tino kaupapa o te whakahaere kounga i roto i ngā hua whakapūkara.
Te Maimoatanga Turanga i mua i te Whakapūtanga (Whakakotahitanga me te Whakamātautau)
Whai muri i te whakapūmautanga, ka whakakoitia te turanga miraka hei ārai i te wehenga ngako, ā, ka whakamātaotia kia memeha ai ngā pūmua, kia kore ai hoki e whakahohe ngā moroiti kino. Ko te ine i tēnei wāhanga hei whakamana whakamutunga i te hanganga o te turanga miraka i mua i te werohanga o ngā ahurea tīmatanga. I ngā āhuatanga tino kino, me whai pūoko pakari, ā, he ātete ki te wera, te pēhanga, me te hau pea.
He ine kounga kore e taea te whiriwhiri i te manawanui mō tētahi pūoko i tēnei wā. Ka rahua ngā pūoko whatu, ngā pūoko taumaha rānei tuku iho i roto i tēnei taiao uaua. Ka pāngia ngā refractometer e ngā rerekētanga pāmahana me te nui o te pōuri o te miraka kua whakaranua.pūoko orooroheoi, ka taea e rātou te tu atu ki ēnei pāmahana (tae atu ki te200°C) ā, kāore e pāngia e te tae, te mātotoru, me te kukū nui o te pahuka e tohu ana i te turanga miraka kawa. Ehara tēnei i te whakapainga ā-pūmau; ko te āheinga taketake e taea ai te ine ā-roto i tēnei wā tino nui o te tukanga.
Te Whakapūtanga me te Whakareka i muri i te Whakapūtanga
I muri i te whakapūkara, ka whakamataohia te miraka kawa hei aukati i te hanga waikawa. Koinei te wā e tāpirihia ai ngā kakara, ngā hua, me ngā mea reka ki te turanga kua mātotoru nei. Koinei te wāhi matua mō te whakaotinga.te ine i te kukū huka, e hono tika ana ki te āhua o te pānga o te kai whakamutunga. Ko te whāinga ine he whakarite kia tutuki i te hua kua oti te reka, ngā kereme kai, me ngā whakaritenga tapanga mō te reka. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ko te tāpiri huka he mea nui hei whakatau i te reka whakamutunga, te kakara, te tae, me te matotoru o te miraka kawa. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau ko te whakanui ake i te kukū huka ka whakaiti i te reka kawa, ā, ka pā ki te reka me te kakara o te hua whakamutunga.
Ka taea te ine i tēnei wāhanga hei taputapu hanga waitohu. Ehara i te mea he tau noa iho te nui o te huka i runga i te pepa whakatakotoranga; he āhuatanga nui e anga atu ana ki te kaihoko. I roto i tētahi ahumahi e nui haere ana te āwangawanga o ngā kaihoko mō te nui o te huka, ko te mana whakahaere tika he rerekētanga whakataetae. Mā te whakatutuki tika i te taumata reka e hiahiatia ana, ka taea e te kaihanga te whakarite i tētahi kōtaha reka e tumanakohia ana mō tā rātou waitohu, ka whakaiti i ngā amuamu a ngā kaihoko me te whakapakari i te pono ki te waitohu. Ko te kaha ki te mahi i ngā whakarerekētanga tonu, i te wā tūturu i tēnei wāhanga, kaua ki te whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakatikatika puranga, he ara tika ki te kaiārahi kounga.
Te Whakakī/Te Tākai i mua
Koinei te keti kounga whakamutunga i mua i te hiri me te tukunga o te hua. Koinei te wā whakamutunga ki te manatoko i te kounga o te hua. Ko te whāinga he whakahaere i tētahi tirotiro kounga whakamutunga, tino tika kia tino tutuki ai i ia ipu ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana mō te āhua reka me te tutuki i ngā ture.
Mā tēnei inenga whakamutunga ka nekehia te tauira mai i te tukanga tauhohe, whakatikatika ki te tukanga matapae, ārai. Ehara i te mea ko te whakatikatika i te tukanga engari ko te whakamana. Mā te whai manatoko whakamutunga tonu, ka taea e te kaihanga te tautuhi wawe me te wehe i tētahi hua kāore i te tino tika i mua i te taenga ki te mākete, ā, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o ngā whakahokinga utu nui, te kino o te ingoa pai, me ngā take ratonga kiritaki. He mea nui te wā urupare tere o tētahi pūoko ultrasonic in-line i konei, nā te mea ka taea te whakamahi hei whakahaere i tētahi takirere whakawhiti hei whakakore aunoa i ngā hua kāore i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
He pātai āu mō te arotau i ngā tukanga whakaputa?
Kei roto i te Ripanga 1 tētahi mahere ara mārama, tere hoki mō ngā kaihangarau tukanga me ngā kaiwhakahaere, e tautuhi ana i ngā pūwāhi whakahaere matua, tō rātou kaupapa, me ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana. He anga tirohanga tēnei mō te matapakinga rautaki katoa, e whakaatu ana i te māramatanga hohonu ki tete tukanga hanga miraka kawa arumoni.
Ripanga 1: Ngā Wāhanga Ine Hiranga me ngā Whāinga i roto i te Tukanga Hanga Miraka Waikawa
| Atamira | Kaupapa Matua | Ngā Tawhā Matua | Te Tika e Hiahiatia ana |
| Te Whakaranu me te Whakapūmautanga o ngā Kai Tuatahi | Whakatūria he tīmatanga pumau; kia rite te mahi i ia puranga. | Te Kukū o te Huka (°Brix), Te Kukū o te Lactose, Te Mahana. | ±0.01 Brix (neke atu rānei) |
| Te Maimoatanga Pūtake i mua i te Whakapūtanga | Manatoko whakamutunga i te hanganga i mua i te werohanga; kia mau tonu te manawanui ki ngā āhuatanga kino. | Te Kukū o te Huka (°Brix), Te Pāmahana, Te Matotoru. | ±0.05 Brix |
| Te Whakapūtanga me te Whakareka i muri i te Whakapūtanga | Whakahaerehia te kōtaha pāngarongo whakamutunga; kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga tapanga. | Te Kukū Huka Whakamutunga (°Brix), Te Waikawa (pH). | ±0.05 Brix |
| Te Whakakī/Te Tākai i mua | Arotakenga kounga whakamutunga; te whakaiti i te mōrearea mō ngā whakahokinga me te ingoa rongonui o te waitohu. | Te Kukū Huka Whakamutunga (°Brix), Te Mātotorutanga. | ±0.05 Brix |
Te Painga Ultrasonic: He Ruku Hōhonu Hangarau
E whakamārama ana tēnei wāhanga he aha te hangarau ultrasonic ehara i te mea he huarahi kē atu, engari he otinga pai rawa atu mō te taiao mahi miraka kawa uaua.
Ngā Mātāpono o te Ine Ultrasonic
Ko te kaupapa matua o te ine i te kukū oroorooro ko te whanaungatanga tika i waenga i te tere o te oro i roto i tētahi reo me ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana, pērā i te kukū me te mātotoru. Ka tukuna e te pūoko he ngaru oroorooro, ka ine i te wā e pau ana ki te haere i tētahi tawhiti pumau ki tētahi kaiwhiwhi, ā, ka tatau i te tere o te oro mā te whakamahi i te tātai:
v=d/t. Kātahi ka honoa tēnei tere oro ki te kukū o ngā totoka rewa. Ko teMita Kukū Ultrasonichei tauira, e mahi ana i runga i tēnei mātāpono, ā, e whakamanamana ana ki te tika o te ine mai i te 0.05% ki te 0.1%.
He Tātaritanga Whakataurite o ngā Hangarau Ine
I roto i tētahi reo matatini pērā i te miraka kawa, he maha ngā herenga nui o ngā hangarau ine tuku iho. Mā te whakataurite taha-ki-taha ka kitea te hiranga hangarau mārama o te huarahi ultrasonic.
Ngā ine ine:Ka whakawhirinaki ēnei taputapu ki te taupū whakaata o te mārama. Ko tō rātou ngoikoretanga matua i roto i te hanga miraka kawa ko tō rātou aro ki te pōuri, te tae, me ngā matūriki iri, arā, ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te wai. He hangarau whatu ēnei, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā mea mārama.
Ngā Mita Matotoru:Ka inehia e ēnei taputapu te mātotoru hei whakatau i te kukū. Ahakoa he whai hua, ka pāngia kinotia rātou e te kukū nui o te pahuka, e te hau rānei e mau ana, ka hua ake ngā hapa ine.
Te Matawai Tata-Ira-Whawhā (NIR):Ahakoa he tere, he whai hua hoki mō te tātari huka, he uaua pea te NIR, ā, me whai tauira ma, me whakatikatika whānui, me tātari maha-taurangi.
Ko te rerekētanga matua ko te ine a ngā mita refractometer me ngā mita mātotoru i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana rerekē (te taupū whakaata me te mātotoru, ia) hei whakatau i te uara kotahi (°Brix). Ko te hua o tēnei ka puta he hua rerekē mō te tauira maha-wāhanga kotahi. Ehara tēnei i te rerekētanga hangarau iti; he raruraru taketake o te koretake me te koretake. Ka whakakorea e te pūoko ultrasonic, he ine kotahi, ā-roto, tēnei koretake. Ka whakaratohia he puna pono kotahi, rite tonu, me te pono, ā, ka māmā ake te whakahaere kounga me te whakarite kia taea te whakataurite puta noa i ngā wāhi tipu, i ngā raina whakaputa rānei. Ka nekehia e tēnei te whakahaere kounga mai i te tukanga whaiaro, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā taputapu ki tētahi tukanga takitahi, whai take, me te tino.
Kei te Ripanga 2 tētahi whakatairite whānui o ēnei hangarau.
Ripanga 2: Whakataurite Hangarau Ine Kukū ā-Rārangi
| Hangarau | Te tika | Ārai i te Pōuri/Tae | Ārai i te Pahuka | Te Manawanui CIP/SIP | Te tiaki | Te Uauatanga o te Whakatakotoranga |
| Ultrasonic | Teitei (±0.01% o te awhe) | Teitei (kāore i pāngia) | Teitei (kāore i pāngia) | Teitei (i hangaia mō tētahi kaupapa motuhake) | Tino iti (kāore he wāhanga neke) | Waenga (me te ML) |
| Ine ine | Teitei (i roto i ngā wai mārama) | Iti (kāore e taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā wai mātotoru) | Waenga | Waenga (ka taea e te porowhita te poke) | Waenga (horoi/whakakore anō i te taumata) | Iti (mō te huka parakore) |
| Ine Matotoru | Teitei | Teitei (kāore i pāngia) | Iti (pāngia e te hau) | Waenga (tērā pea ka piro te pūoko) | Waenga (horoi/whakakore anō i te taumata) | Iti (mō te huka parakore) |
| Te Matawai NIR | Teitei | Iti (tērā pea he tairongo) | Waenga | Iti | Teitei (whakataurite uaua) | Teitei (maha-taurangi) |
Ako atu mō ētahi atu mita mātotoru
Ētahi atu Mita Tukanga Ipurangi
Te wikitoria i ngā wero taiao
Ko te umanga miraka kau tētahi o ngā taiao tino uaua mō ngā pūoko tukatuka nā te mea he teitei te pāmahana, he pēhanga, me ngā whakaritenga akuaku tino pakari. Ko te pūoko he tauira pai o tētahi otinga i hangaia hei wikitoria i ēnei wero. He ātete ki te tae, te pōuri, me te kukū pahuka teitei, ā, ka taea te mahi i ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 200°C me ngā pēhanga tae atu ki te 500 Bar. He nui ake tēnei i ngā pāmahana e hiahiatia ana mō te pasteurization (90-95°C) me ngā tukanga CIP/SIP (tae atu ki te 130°C). Kua hangaia hoki te pūoko mō te hototahi CIP, me te whakaatu i tētahi transducer akuaku me te hanganga maitai kore waikura.
He painga nui te kaha o te pūoko ki te tu atu i ngā huringa CIP/SIP me te kore e tangohia ā-ringa. E whakaatu ana tētahi rangahau take mō te pūoko taumata ultrasonic me pēhea te whakakorenga o ngā hiahia tiaki me ngā pānui teka mai i te haukū me te pahuka e ngā hoahoa horoi-ā-unoa, akuaku, e tika ana kia whakaitihia te wā kore mahi, kia iti ake ngā utu mahi, kia pai ake ai te pono o te tukanga. Ehara te pūoko i te taputapu ine noa iho; he rawa kua whakauruhia ki roto i ngā tikanga horoi me te tiaki o te tipu, e whai wāhi tika ana ki te whai huatanga o te mahi me te ROI.
Tātaritanga me te Aunoatanga Matatau: Te Pana i ngā Rohe o te Mana Tukanga
Ka kitea te uara tūturu o tētahi pūoko pakari ina whakamahia katoatia ana raraunga e tētahi anga aunoatanga atamai. E whakamārama ana tēnei wāhanga i te hurihanga o ngā raraunga mata mai i ngā pūoko ultrasonic ki te matauranga mahi, e aro ana ki ngā wero tino uaua o te tātari maha-wāhanga me te whakaurunga puta noa i te tipu.
Te Whakamātautau Matatau mō ngā Matrices Uaua
Ehara te miraka kawa i te otinga huka-i roto i te wai. He hanganga matatini o te lactose, ngā mea reka kua tāpirihia, ngā pūmua, me ngā ngako. Kāore pea e ranea te ine tere oro kotahi hei wehewehe i ēnei wāhanga. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea te whakakotahi i ngā inenga ultrasonic me ngā rauropi ako mīhini matatau, pērā i te Partial Least Squares (PLS) me te Support Vector Machines (SVM), hei matapae i ngā kukū i roto i ngā whakatārewatanga maha-wāhanga matatini. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei he painga whakataetae nui i roto i te hanga kai. Ko te whakakotahitanga maha-pūoko tētahi atu rautaki kaha mō te whakapai ake i te tika mā te whakakotahi i ngā raraunga mai i ngā momo puna.
Kāore te wero o te rerekētanga huka maha-wāhanga e whakatauhia e te pūoko anake, engari mā te whakakotahitanga mahi tahi o te pūoko me ngā tātari matatau. Ka whakaratohia e te pūoko he rerenga raraunga auau-tiketike, ā, ka ako te tauira ako mīhini, i whakangungua ki ngā raraunga hītori mai i ngā momo tohutao hua, ki te hono tika i taua rerenga ki te kukū huka e hiahiatia ana. He nekehanga taketake tēnei mai i te inenga ngāwari e ahu mai ana i te ahupūngao ki tētahi tauira matapae matatau, e ārahihia ana e ngā raraunga. Ka hurihia e tēnei āheinga te pūoko mai i tētahi taputapu ngāwari hei taputapu tātari "atamai" ka taea te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga me ngā rerekētanga o te hanga kai o te ao tūturu.
Whakaurunga SCADA/DCS Koreutu
Ko te pai o te pūoko he rite tonu ki tōna kaha ki te kōrero me te whakauru atu ki te pūnaha io matua o te tipu. Ka tautokohia e te pūoko PS7020 te whānuitanga o ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, tae atu ki te RS485, Modbus, Profibus-DP, Bluetooth 5.3, me ngā putanga takirua 4-20mA me HART. He mea nui ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero paerewa pēnei i a HART me Modbus mō te hono i ngā taputapu mara ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki me te whakahaere. He mea nui ngā pūnaha kohikohi raraunga tere-teitei (DAQ) mō te aroturuki me te whakahaere wā-tūturu, e whakarato ana i te iti o te whakaroa me te tukatuka raraunga tere-teitei.
E pāngia ana te umanga miraka e ngā "raraunga me ngā mōhiohio motuhake" e aukati ana i te tātari whai tikanga. Mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi pūoko me te tautoko taketake mō ngā kawa paerewa ahumahi, ka taea e tētahi miraka te karo i ngā kaupapa whakauru uaua me te utu nui. Ko te kaha ki te kukume ehara i te mea ko te uara kukū kotahi anake engari ko ngā taurangi tuarua pērā i te tere oro me te pāmahana i runga i tētahi kawa matihiko pērā i a HART, i a Modbus rānei, ka whakarato i tētahi huinga raraunga whai rawa atu mō ngā tātari matatau me te rapurongoā. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te hoahoa pūnaha, ka whakarato hoki i tētahi tirohanga kotahi, kotahi o te tukanga, he huānga matua o te "hanga atamai".
Te Whakapai Ake i te Pūmautanga o te Hua me te Uara o te Waitohu
Ko te kounga pumau te tūāpapa o te pono ki te waitohu. Mā te pūnaha ine pono ka tutuki tonu ngā tumanakohanga a te kaihoko i te hua whakamutunga. He mea nui ngā inenga wā-tūturu tika mō te arotau i ngā tukanga, te whakahaere kounga, me te whakatau wawe. Ko te reka me te kounga o te hua pumau ka pāngia tika e te kukū huka whakamutunga.
Ko te uara o te pumau he nui atu i te karo i ngā amuamu a te kiritaki. Ka taea e te waitohu e mōhiotia ana mō āna hua pono, kounga teitei te utu nui, te whakawhānui i tana wāhi mākete, me te whakaiti i ngā utu hokohoko. Mā te pūnaha ine wā-tūturu ka whakaratohia te turanga raraunga mō tēnei rerekētanga kounga. Ka taea te neke mai i te tauira whakaū kounga urupare, whakatikatika ki tētahi tauira auaha, hanga waitohu.
Te Whai Hua o te Whakahaere me te Whakaiti i ngā Utu Tiaki
Ko te hoahoa pakari o ngā pūoko ultrasonic ka hua mai he painga nui mō te mahi mō te wā roa. Mā ngā āhuatanga whakatikatika-ā-unoa me te horoi-ā-unoa o ngā pūoko ultrasonic matatau ka whakakore i ngā pānui teka me ngā take tiaki e pāngia ana e ētahi atu pūnaha. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei te wā kore mahi me ngā utu mahi, e whakaaturia ana i roto i tētahi rangahau take i kitea ai he pai ake te pono o te tukanga me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi i tētahi whare miraka. Nā te kore o ngā wāhanga neke me ngā taonga pau ka waiho hei otinga whakarite-ā-wareware-atu, ka wātea ai te wā hangarau me te tiaki nui. Ko te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere (TCO) mō tētahi pūnaha ultrasonic pakari he iti ake i ngā pūnaha tuku iho e hiahia ana kia tiakina auau, kia whakatikatika anō, kia poto rānei te roa o te ora i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
Ultrasonic ā-rotote ine i te kukū hukaHe whanaketanga nui tēnei i roto i te whakahaere tukanga mō te umanga miraka kau, e neke atu ana i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā tikanga tauhohe, ā-ringa, me te kore pono ki tētahi tauira matatau, e whakahaerehia ana e ngā raraunga, me te tino whai hua.Contacte Lonnmmutunga kore me te sttoi koerprōhiss optimization.
