Te Aroturuki i te Kukū o te Māngaro i roto i te Whakaranu Makuku
He mea nui te māngaro hei tāpiri i roto i te hanga papa nā te mea he maha ngā whakamahinga me te iti o te utu. Ko ngā wero o te tukanga whakapūkara mākū e aro ana ki te whakahaere tika i tōna kukū me te nui o te makuku. Ko ēnei rerekētanga tetahi o ngā tino take o ngā hapa kounga o ngā hua o muri mai, pērā i te pakaru o te papa, te rerekētanga o te taumaha, me te rewa koretake.
Mā te Hangarau Tātari Tukanga (PAT), inā koa ngā mita kukū ultrasonic, hei aroturuki ā-roto i te wā tūturu, ka whakahaere i te kukū o te here māngaro, ka neke atu i te tauira tuku iho, tauhohe, e hangai ana ki te whakamātautau ki tētahi tauira matatau, e hangai ana ki te whakahaere.
Ngā Wero o te Aroturukitanga Urea Ipurangi
Ngā Tūranga Taketake o te Māngaro i roto i ngā Āhua Inenga Totoka
Māngaro hei Kaiwhakauru Maha-mahi
He matū koiora tūturu, kāore e paitini, ā, he iti te utu o te māngaro, koia tētahi o ngā matū tāpiri e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā momo horopeta totoka pērā i ngā papa. Ko tōna whakamahinga whānui he painga matua, e āhei ai ki te mahi i ngā mahi maha i roto i te hanganga kotahi, he maha ngā wā ka mahi hei here me te wawahi i roto i te whakapūkara mākū.
Ngā āhuatanga mahi o te māngarovaryi runga i tōna pūtake tipu, pērā i te kānga, te rīwai, te sorghum rānei, e whakatau ana i tōna ōwehenga amylose-ki-amylopectin me te āhua o te kirikiri. Ko te tikanga o ēnei rerekētanga ā-roto, kāore e taea te whakawhiti i ngā māngaro mai i ngā pūtake rerekē. Hei tauira, he nui ake te matotoru o te māngaro rīwai, engari he āhuatanga whakapiri motuhake tō te māngaro kānga. He mea nui te mārama ki ēnei āhuatanga motuhake o te pūtake mō te whakawhanake i te hanganga.
E whakarāpopoto ana te ripanga e whai ake nei i te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā momo pūtake māngaro me ā rātou mahi:
| Pūtake Māngaro | Ōwehenga Amylose/Amylopectin Noa | Ngā Āhuatanga Mahi Matua | Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-tinana-matū |
| Kānga | Tata ki te 27:73 | Pūmau, kaiwhakarewa, whakakī | Te pāmahana whakapūkara, matotoru waenga |
| Rīwai | Tata ki te 22:25 | Kaiwhakarewa, whakakī | Te pāmahana whakakorikori iti, te matotoru teitei |
| Sorghum | Tata ki te 19.2:80.8 | Pūmau, kaiwhakangaro | He tere ake te memeha, he teitei ake ngā tere memeha |
He pātai āu mō te arotau i ngā tukanga whakaputa?
Te Whakamārama Ā-tikanga mō te Mahi a te Māngaro
Māngaro hei Here: Te Hiranga o te Whakapūtanga
He pai te mahi a te māngaro hei here i roto i te whakapūkara mākū nā te whakapūkara, he tukanga e whakararuraru tonu ai te wera me te wai i tōna hanganga tioata. Ko te māngaro taketake, e kore e rewa i roto i te wai matao, me tēnei taahiraa tunu hei whakamakuku i ōna pūmua amylose me te amylopectin, kia taea ai te here.
He maha ngā pūwāhi piri o te hanganga rākau, he rite ki te manga o te amylopectin, e āhei ai te pupuri i ngā matūriki kia piri tahi. I taua wā, ka whakanui ake te amylose, me tōna hanganga rārangi, i te matotoru, ā, ka hanga he whatunga tiēre i a ia e whakamatao ana, ka whakapakari ake i te pumau o te kirikiri.
Hei whakahaere i ngā tukanga ahumahi, hei whakakore hoki i te hiahia ki te tunu kai, i whakawhanakehia ngā māngaro kua whakapūkaratia. Ko ēnei māngaro, kua whakapūkaratia katoatia, ka rewa ki te wai matao, ā, ka taea te tāpiri hei paura maroke ki ngā hanganga. I te wā e whakapūkaratia ana, ka whakahohehia e te wai i roto i te wāhi, ka māmā ake te hanga me te whakarite kia kaha te here.
Māngaro hei mea whakahoro: Te pupuhi me te mimiti
He matū whakarewa tawhito te māngaro, ko tōna tikanga mahi matua ko te pupuhi. Ina pā te papa ki tētahi wai, ka uru te wai ki roto i te anga papa porous mā te mahi capillary (wicking). Ka mimiti te wai i ngā paura māngaro, ka pupuhi ki ngā wā maha atu i tōna rahinga taketake. He nui te pēhanga o roto e puta mai ana i tēnei pupuhi hei wikitoria i ngā kaha here o te papa, hei mea kia pakaru ai hei kongakonga iti ake.
Ko te whai huatanga o te māngaro hei whakarewa ka pāngia e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i tōna kukū, te rahi o te matūriki, me te kaha pēhi e whakamahia ana. Ko tētahi kitenga matua ko te pupuhi te tikanga matua, ko ētahi atu āhuatanga, pēnei i te pana i waenga i ngā matūriki me te pakaru noa o ngā hononga hauwai, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakarewa.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Whakapūtanga Makuku of Tabtukua
Te Kukū o te Māngaro me te Ihirangi Makuku
Ko ngā rerekētanga o te kukū o te whakapiri māngaro, te nui rānei o te makuku o te ranunga paura, he "wāhi mamae" nui ēnei i roto i te whakapūtanga mākū. Ko te mahi a te māngaro hei here, he mea nui ki tōna whakaritenga. Hei tauira, ki te "kore i tino maoa" te whakapiri māngaro, e kore e mahi hei pūmua here whai hua nā te mea kei te mau tonu tōna hanganga tioata.
He uaua te mahi a te makuku. I ngā taumata iti, ka taea e te wai te mahi hei hinu whakahinuhinu, hei whakapai ake i te rere o te papa. Heoi, ina nui ake te nui o te makuku i tētahi wāhi nui, ka nui ake te piriti i waenga i ngā matūriki mā te hanga piriti wai kaha, ka whakaiti i te rere o te papa. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te whakakī i te mate koretake me te kore taurite i te wā e pēhia ana te papa, ka rerekē te taumaha o te papa.
Ka puta he pānga domino i tēnei whanaungatanga. Ko te ngoikore o te rere o te wai nā te rerekētanga o te makuku, ehara i te mea ka pā ki te ōritetanga o te taumaha anake, engari ka pā hoki ki te ōritetanga o te kaha pēhi, ka whānui ake te tohatoha o te pakeke me te mātotoru o te papa, ā, ka pā ki te mahi whakarewa. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te hononga uaua i waenga i ngā āhuatanga kounga e kore e pā ana.
Ako atu mō ētahi atu mita mātotoru
Ngā Wāhi Mamae o te Tukanga
Ki te kore e tika te kukū o te here, ki te kore rānei e ranea te whakahohenga o te pūmua māngaro, ka ngoikore ngā kirikiri, ā, ka "ngohengohe" ngā papa, ka ngawari ki te pakaru me te ngatata. I tetahi atu taha, ki te nui rawa te kukū o te here, ki te nui rawa rānei o te kirikiri, ka taea te hanga kirikiri kia tino matotoru, kia mārō hoki, ka hua ake ai ngā hapa pēnei i te ngatata me te whakakikorua i te wā e pēhia ana te papa nā te mau o te hau me te kore e ranea te āhua kirihou.
He tino tairongo te tukanga whakapūpū mākū ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te wā whakapūpū mākū me te tere o te impeller, ka arahi pea tēnei ki te nui rawa o te whakapūpū me te pikinga o te mātotoru o te pūpū. He wero nui tēnei.
Ko tētahi kitenga nui ko te hononga whakamuri kore-raina i waenga i te kaha o te kirikiri me te kaha kume o te papa. Ko te whakaaro whānui ko ngā kirikiri kaha ake, matotoru ake—i hangaia, hei tauira, mā te kirikiri kutikuti-teitei—me whakaputa papa kaha ake. Heoi, e kī ana ngā taunakitanga ko ngā kirikiri i hangaia e te kirikiri kutikuti-teitei, ahakoa koia te mea tino matotoru me te kaha rawa atu, ka hua ake he papa he iti rawa te kaha kume. Ehara tēnei i te whakahē noa. E kī ana ahakoa he kaha te hononga o roto i te kirikiri, he ngoikore ngā hononga i waenga i ngā kirikiri i hangaia i te wā e pēhia ana te papa. Nā te mea he iti ake te kirihou o ngā kirikiri matotoru, ā, he iti ake te āhua o te āhua i raro i te pēhitanga. Mā tēnei whakaiti i te āhua o te āhua ka whakaitihia te horahanga whakapā i waenga i ngā kirikiri, ka whakawhāitihia te hanganga o ngā piriti totoka, ka hua ake he papa whakamutunga ngoikore ā-mīhini ahakoa te kaha o ngā kirikiri tonu. Nō reira, ko te whakahaere i te pito mutunga kirikiri ehara i te mea ko te whakanui ake i te kaha, te matotoru rānei o te kirikiri, engari ko te whakatutuki i te taurite tino pai e whakarite ana i te rere pai me te kaha pēhi tika hei whakaputa i tētahi papa whakamutunga pakari.
Te Pānga o te Kukū Māngaro ki ngā Huanga Kounga o te Hua Whakamutunga
Te pakeke me te ngawari
Ko te whakanui ake i te kukū o ngā mea here ka hua ake he papa he pakeke ake, he iti ake te ngawari ki te pakarukaru. He āhua pai te here o te māngaro ki te whakataurite ki ngā pūhui hangai pērā i te PVP, he ngawari ake ngā papa engari he pai ake ngā āhuatanga pakarukaru. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau mō te māngaro kānga kua whakakīia ki mua i te gelatin, ko te kukū o ngā mea here o te 3% ki te 9% te awhe pai rawa atu mō te whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana e whakaaetia ana.
Te Whakangaromanga me te Whakakorenga
He mārama te whanaungatanga whakahurihuri i waenganui i te kukū o te here māngaro me te tere whakarewa o te rongoā. I te pikinga ake o te kukū o te here, ka mārō ake ngā papa, ā, ka roa ake te wā whakarewa, ka whakaroa i te tukunga o te matū hohe rongoā (API).
Ka taea te whakamārama i tēnei pānga whakaroa o te māngaro ki te whakarewa mā te hanganga o tētahi "paparanga kua horoia". Ina tukuna he papa kei roto he māngaro ki tētahi reo whakarewa, ka pupuhi te māngaro i runga i te mata o te papa, ka hanga he paparanga matotoru, he rite ki te tiēre. Kāore i roto i tēnei paparanga tiēre te nuinga o te API. Nō reira, me horapa te API whakarewa mai i te pūtake papa mā roto i tēnei hanganga māngaro matotoru, pupuhi kia tae atu ai ki te reo whakarewa papatipu. He taahiraa puhoi, he taahiraa whakawhāiti tere tēnei tukanga horapa.
He rite tonu te matotoru me te matotoru o tēnei paparanga kua rewa ki te kukū o te māngaro me tōna taumata o te whakapūkara. Nō reira, ko ngā āhuatanga, ko te kukū rānei o te māngaro kāore i te ōrite, ka hua tika mai i ngā kōtaha whakarewa rerekē, he āhuatanga kounga nui (CQA) e pā ana ki te waatea o te rongoā.
Te Whakakīkītanga o te Granule me te Papa
Ko ngā inenga matua mō te aromatawai i te kounga o te kirikiri ko te kiato papatipu, te kiato patopato, me te Taupū Whakakōpeketanga (CI). Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ko te roa o te wā whakakī mākū, ko te tere teitei ake rānei o te impeller ka whakanui ake i te kiato papatipu o ngā kirikiri nā te kaha ake o te whakakotahitanga.
Mā tēnei whakakīkī, ahakoa te whakapai ake i te rere o te wai, ka iti ake te Taupū Whakakōpeke, arā, he uaua ake te kōpeke i ngā kirikiri. Nō reira, tera pea ka ngoikore ake te papa whakamutunga i te mea e tumanakohia ana, ka nui ake rānei ngā kaha kōpeketanga e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te pakaru o ngā taputapu, ki ngā raruraru rānei pērā i te pakaru o te papa. Ka hangaia he porowhita urupare matatini e taea ai e te huringa iti o te tukanga, pērā i te pikinga iti o te kukū māngaro, te pā nui me te kore e taea te matapae ki te kounga o te hua whakamutunga.
| Te Kukū o te Here Māngaro (% w/w) | Te Mārō o te Papa (N) | Te ngawari o te papa (%) | Te Wā Whakangaromanga |
| 0% | Kāore he Here | Kāore he | Kāore he |
| 3% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Kāore e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha pēhanga |
| 6% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Kāore e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha pēhanga |
| 9% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Kāore e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha pēhanga |
| 15% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Ka piki ake me te kaha pēhanga |
Kia mōhio: Ka horapa ngā uara mārō i runga i ngā raraunga mō tētahi kaha pēhitanga motuhake.
Te Hiranga o te Aroturukitanga Tika i te Wā-tūturu
Ngā Here o te Mana Kounga Tuku Iho
He mea tauhohe ngā tikanga whakahaere kounga tuku iho, pērā i te tātari kore-aho, i te tātari ipurangi rānei i ngā paura maroke, i ngā papa rānei. E whakawhirinaki ana ēnei ki te tauira me te whakamātautau e pau ana te wā, ā, kāore e tukuna he urupare tūturu mō te tukanga e haere tonu ana. Nā tēnei whakaroa wā, kāore e taea te aukati i te hanga o ngā puranga kāore e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga, ā, ka hua ake he nui te maumau rauemi me te mate pūtea.
Otinga mō te Aroturuki i te Kukū o te Māngaro
Ngā mita kukū oroorowhakatau i te kukū, te mātotoru rānei o tētahi wai mā te ine i te tere o te haere o te ngaru oro i roto. Ko te tere o te oro he pānga tika o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te wai, tae atu ki tōna kukū me te pāmahana.
He pai rawa tēnei hangarau mō ngā tukanga rongoā nā ōna painga:
- Kāore e uru ki te mate urutā:Kāore he wāhanga neke o te pūoko, ā, ka taea te whakauru ki roto i tētahi paipa, i tētahi oko rānei, kia taea ai te ine i te wā-tūturu me te kore e whakararuraru i te rere o te tukanga.
- Kāore he whakaaro pōhewa:Kāore te inenga e pāngia e te tae, te mārama, te tere rere rānei o te wai, arā, he herenga noa ēnei o ngā tikanga whatu.
- Tika me te Hangarau:Ka ine tika i te kukū o te whakapiri māngaro, he tawhā tukanga matua e hono ana ki te kounga o te hua whakamutunga.
Te Tūnga Tāutanga o te Mita Kukū Ultrasonic Ipurangi
Ko te arotahi o te tāutanga ko te whakarite me te tāpiri i te hononga, ka puta tonu i muri i te whakaranu i te paura maroke engari i mua i te whakaranu mākū. Mā tēnei whakatakotoranga ka taea te whakarerekē wawe i te kukū me te matotoru o te whakapiri māngaro, me te aro ki te rerekētanga o te pūtake o te hononga wai.It's rtaiaommendeki te ngā whakaurungatāranān forūrūng pōsitingā:
Bipu whakarite i raro: Ka whakanohoia te mita ultrasonic ki te rārangi i runga i te paipa putanga, i te koropiko tukurua rānei o te ipu whakarite here. Mā tēnei whakatakotoranga ka hopukina te whakapiri māngaro.'te kukū o te māngaro i te wā e whakaranua ana, e whakaranua ana rānei, e kite ana i ngā rerekētanga nā te rerekētanga o te māngaro i ia puranga, i ngā hapa whakarite rānei.
Whāngai Wai ki te Granulator: Ka tāutahia te mita ultrasonic ki roto i te raina whāngai here (he ngongo ngāwari, he ngongo kowiri tira rānei) i runga ake i te granulator.'te putanga tāpiri wai, te huihuinga pūwero rānei. Kei muri i te papu whāngai tēnei engari i mua i te tao rehu, i te ringa tohatoha rānei i roto i te peihana whakapūwero.
