I roto i te umanga chlor-alkali, te waikawa whanarikiine kukūHe mea nui te hau chlorine mō te whakamaroke pai o ngā taputapu i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke me ngā mīhini horoi. Me tango te hau chloric i roto i ngā wāhanga wai hei karo i te hanganga o te chlorine hydrate, me te whakaiti i te ihirangi makuku o te hau chlorine ki raro i te 30 ppm hei whakaiti i te waikura o ngā taputapu i muri i te tukatuka.
Me aroturuki tonu te kukū o te waikawa whanariki i roto i te pourewa mimiti, i te paraihe rānei, kia mau tonu ai te whai huatanga o te whakamaroke i te hauwai me te ōritetanga o ngā hua taha o ētahi atu.
Ahakoa rā, ko ngā wero pēnei i te paru, te tauine, te uaua o te whakatikatika, me ngā inenga kāore i te ōrite ka whakararuraru i ngā pourewa whakamaroke chlorine me ngā kaihoroi maroke mō te hau chlorine, ka piki ake ngā utu me ngā mōrearea tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. E rapu ana ngā kaihanga tukanga, ngā kaiwhakahaere mahi, me ngā tohunga whakahaere kounga i roto i ngā tipu chlorine-alkali i ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ pono me ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki hei whakatika i ēnei take. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga te whakahaere i te kukū waikawa whanariki ā-roto, me te tuku otinga hei arotau i ngā pou whakamaroke chlorine me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. Pānuihia tonu kia kitea ai ngā rautaki mahi me ngā taputapu matatau mō āu mahi.
Tirohanga Whānui mō te Tukanga Whakamaroke Hauota
I roto i te tukanga chlor-alkali, kei roto i te hau chlorine mākū (Cl₂) i puta mai i te electrolysis tote te makuku me tango hei whakarite i te parakore me te ārai i te waikura i roto i te rokiroki, i ngā tono whakararo rānei. Ka whakamahia e ngā pourewa whakamaroke chlorine, ngā mīhini horoi maroke rānei mō te hau chlorine te waikawa whanariki kukū (93–98%) hei whakamaroke hei mimiti i te makuku, ka puta he hau chlorine maroke, he parakore teitei. He mea nui te ine tika i te kukū waikawa whanariki hei pupuri i te pai o te whakamaroke, nā te mea ka taea e ngā rerekētanga te arahi ki te whakamaroke kāore i oti, te kino rānei o ngā taputapu.
Ngā Wero Hangarau i roto i te Ine i te Kukū o te Waikawa Whāwhā
Te Waikura me te Para o te Pūoko
Ko te waikawa nui o te waikawa whanariki (93–98%) i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke chlorine ka puta ai te waikura me te poke i runga i ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄. Ka whakaitihia te tika o te pūoko e ngā putunga mai i te waikawa, i ngā poke rānei, ā, me horoi, me whakakapi rānei i ngā wā katoa. Ka piki ake ngā utu tiaki me te wā kore mahi, ka pā ki te whai huatanga o ngā kaihoroi maroke mō te hau chlorine.
Ngā Wero Whakatakotoranga
Me whakatikatika auau ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki nā te mea he uaua te taiao o ngā pou whakamaroke chlorine. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga o te pāmahana, te pēhanga, te hanganga waikawa rānei te whakararuraru i te pūoko, ka uaua ai te whakatikatika, ā, ka kore e pono ngā inenga. He nui te mahi a te whakatikatika ā-ringa, ā, ka uaua ake te mahi.
Te Whai Huatanga Whakamaroke Taupatupatu
Ka taea e ngā piki me ngā heke o te kukū o te H₂SO₄ te hua ake i te tangohanga koretake o te makuku, ka pā ki te parakore o te chlorine me ngā tukanga o muri mai pērā i te hanga PVC. Ka whakaitihia te pai o te whakamaroke e te waikawa kua nui rawa te waimeha (nā te mimiti o te makuku), engari ka taea e te waikawa kua nui rawa te kukū te kino i ngā taputapu, ā, he mea nui te ine tika i te kukū o te waikawa whanariki.
Ngā Mōrearea Ture me te Haumaru
Mā te ine tika i te kukū o te waikawa whanariki ka hua ake te makuku i roto i te hau chlorine, ka waikura ai ngā pūnaha rokiroki, ka kore rānei e tutuki i ngā ture haumaru me te taiao. Ko te tirotiro ture i roto i te umanga chlor-alkali (hei tauira, ngā paerewa EPA, OSHA) me whakahaere tika kia kore ai e whiua, e tūpono ai rānei ki te haumaru.
Ngā Otinga mō te Whakahaere Kukū Waikawa Whāriki ā-Rārangi
Ngā Mita Kukū H₂SO₄ Ātete-Waikura
Hei ārai i te waikura i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke hauota, ka whakamahia e ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ matatau i hangaia e Lonnmeter ngā rauemi ātete-waikura pērā i a Hastelloy, Teflon, ngā paninga uku rānei. Ka ātete ēnei pūoko ki te taiao waikawa whanariki 93–98% kaha, e whakarite ana i te pono mō te wā roa me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki.
Tūhurahia atu anōmita kukū ā-rotokonei.
Ngā Painga o te Mita Kukū Waikawa Whāriki Lonnmeter
Hangarau Haumaru, Kore-Karaihi
He pai mō te taiao: E whakamahi ana i te hangarau ultrasonic haumaru, kore-irahiko, kāore he here taiao, ā, e whakarite ana kia tutukihia ngā paerewa haumaru i roto i ngā tukanga whakamaroke chlorine.
Te Tiaki Māmā: Ka whakakore i te hiahia mō te whakakapinga o ngā pūtake karihi, ka whakaiti i te uauatanga o ngā tiaki me ngā utu i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke hauota.
Te Tika Tino Pai
Ārai i te Mirumiru me te Pahu: Ka tukuna he ine tika i te kukū waikawa whanariki, kāore e pāngia e ngā mirumiru, e te pahuka rānei, kia tika ai ngā raraunga i roto i ngā mīhini horoi maroke mō te hau chlorine.
Mahi Pakari: Ātete ki te pēhanga mahi, te waikura wai, me te waikura, e mau tonu ana te tika i roto i ngā taiao whakamaroke hauota kino.
Te Mahi Whai Hua
He iti ngā whakapaunga whakahaere: Ka whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere, ka waiho hei whiringa ōhanga mō te aroturukitanga tonu o te kukū H₂SO₄ i roto i ngā tipu chlor-alkali.
Uara Pai Rawa o te Huringa Ora: He iti ake te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere ki te whakataurite ki ngā mita mātotoru marau whakarārangi me ngā mita rere papatipu, he mea tino pai mō te whakamahinga roa i roto i te whakamaroke hauota.
Hoahoa Ataahua-Kaiwhakamahi
Mahi Māmā: Ka whakangāwari i te ine i te kukū waikawa whanariki me tētahi atanga ngāwari ki te whakamahi, ka whakaiti i te wā whakangungu mō ngā kaiwhakahaere i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke hauota.
Ngā Kōwhiringa Putanga Maha: E whakarato ana i ngā pānui rua e pā ana ki te pāmahana, te tere me te kukū i te wā kotahi, e whakarei ake ana i te ngāwari mō te whakahaere tukanga i roto i ngā mīhini horoi maroke mō te hau chlorine.
Ngā Kōwhiringa Tāutanga Ngāwari
Ngā Tikanga Tāutanga Maha: Ka tautoko i ngā momo whakaurunga, flange, me ngā momo whakapiri, ka taea te urutau ki ngā momo whirihoranga pūnaha whakamaroke harore.
Whakaurunga Whakaritenga: Ka whakauru maeneene ki ngā tatūnga o nāianei, ka arotau i te whai huatanga o te tāutanga mō ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ i roto i ngā mahi chlor-alkali.
Whakaurunga ki ngā Pūnaha Aroturuki Ipurangi-Wā-tūturu
Mā ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki ā-roto ka taea te whakauru atu ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere tohatoha (DCS) me ngā kaiwhakahaere arorau ka taea te whakarite (PLC) hei whakarerekē aunoa i te horopeta waikawa, hei whakapai ake i te pai o te whakamaroke me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao.
Te Whakaiti i te Wā Whakamutu o te Tiaki
Hei whakaiti i te wā kore mahi, he mea nui ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ me ngā wā roa o te mahi me ngā āhuatanga tiaki matapae. Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūnaha ngā tātaritanga hei whakatūpato i ngā tohunga hangarau ki ngā poke pea, ki te marara rānei, kia taea ai te tiaki wawe i ngā pourewa whakamaroke hauota.
Te Whakapūmau i te Whakatutukitanga o ngā Ture
Mā ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki me te takiuru raraunga pakari me te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere tipu ka tutukihia ngā ture taiao me te haumaru. Mā te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu me te pūrongo aunoa ka āwhina i ngā tipu chlor-alkali ki te karo i ngā whiu me te pupuri i ngā paerewa haumaru teitei.
Ngā Pātai Auau
Me pēhea te whakahaere i te kukū ā-roto o te waikawa whanariki?
Ko te whakahaere i te kukū waikawa whanariki ā-roto i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke chlorine me whakamahi i ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ me ngā rauemi ātete-waikura me ngā āheinga aroturuki-wā-tūturu. Whakauruhia ēnei mita ki ngā pūnaha DCS/PLC mō te inenga waikawa aunoa.
Ko ēhea ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki pai rawa atu mō te whakamaroke i te hauota?
Ko ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki pai rawa atu mō ngā pou whakamaroke hauota he ātete ki te waikura, ā, ka taea te aroturuki i te wā tūturu. Kōwhiria ngā mita me te whakaurunga DCS/PLC me ngā āhuatanga tiaki matapae hei whakaiti i te wā kore mahi.
Me pēhea te whakatika i te paru o te pūoko i roto i te whakamaroke i te hauota?
Ka taea te whakatika i te paru o te pūoko i roto i ngā mīhini horoi maroke mō te hau chlorine mā te whakamahi i ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ e whakaatu ana i ngā paninga ārai-paru me te pupuri i te kukū i raro i te pūwāhi paru me te tauine. Mā ngā kaupapa tiaki auau me te maimoatanga i mua i te tango i ngā paru ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te paru, kia tika ai te ine i te kukū waikawa whanariki.
He mea nui te whakahaere i te kukū waikawa whanariki ā-roto i roto i ngā pourewa whakamaroke chlorine me ngā mīhini horoi maroke mō te hau chlorine kia whai hua ai ngā mahi chlor-alkali. Mā te whakatika i ngā wero hangarau uaua pēnei i te poke o te pūoko, ngā wero whakatikatika, me te whakamaroke koretake me ngā mita kukū H₂SO₄ matatau me ngā pūnaha aroturuki wā-tūturu, ka taea e ngā tipu chlor-alkali te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga, te whakaiti i ngā utu, me te whakarite kia tutukihia ngā whakaritenga.
Whakapā atu ki te kaiwhakarato matua, pono hoki o Lonnmeter mō ngā mita kukū waikawa whanariki i tēnei rā hei tono whakatau utu, hei whakamātautau rānei, hei whakarerekē i ō mahi. Ka taea rānei e koe te whakapā atu ki ā mātou kaihangarau mō ngā ratonga whakaritenga pēnei i te tikanga tāutanga ritenga, ngā rauemi, me te pūnaha whakauru.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-19-2025
