Tete hanga o te formaldehyde, he tukanga nui i roto i ngā ahumahi, e hiahia ana kia tino whakahaerehia ngā kukū o te methanol me te formaldehyde kia pai ai te kounga o te hua, te whai huatanga o te mahi, me te tutuki i ngā ture. Ko te Formaldehyde, i hangaia mā te waikura catalytic o te methanol, he wāhanga matua i roto i ngā kapia, ngā piripiri, ngā kirihou, me ngā rongoā, engari ahakoa he iti noa ngā rerekētanga i rotote kukū methanolrāneite kukū o te formaldehydeka arahi pea ki te whakapūhui, te whakaiti i ngā hua, te kore rānei e tutuki i ngā paerewa haumaru tino pakari.
Ngā pūoko kukū methanol,ngā mita kukū formaldehyde,ngā aroturuki kukū formaldehyde, mengā tātaritanga kukū formaldehydewhakarato i te aroturukitanga tika i te wā tūturu, kia taea ai e ngā kaiwhakahaere tipu te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga tino pai me te whakaiti i ngā koretake utu nui.
Whakataki Whānui o te Tukanga Matū
Ko te Formaldehyde, he matū maha-whakamahinga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mea katoa mai i ngā piripiri rakau ki ngā takawaenga rongoā, ka puta mai i te waikura catalytic o te methanol i roto i ngā whare hanga formaldehyde. He mea nui te pupuri i te kukū methanol me te kukū formaldehyde kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa kounga pakari.
He taputapu tino nui ngā pūoko kukū methanol me ngā tātari kukū formaldehyde hei whakatutuki i tēnei tino tika. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei taputapu ngā raraunga wā-tūturu, ka whakakore i ngā whakaroa me ngā hapa e pā ana ki te tauira ā-ringa, ā, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te arotau i ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga, te whakaiti i te para, me te whakarite kia tutukihia ngā ture taiao me te haumaru.
Te Matū me te Tukanga o te Hanganga Formaldehyde
Ko te hanganga o te formaldehyde e uru ana ki te waikura whakakorikori o te methanol, he tukanga kua whakatikatikaina mō ngā tekau tau hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā ahumahi pēnei i te hanga matū me te rongoā. Ka whakakorikoria tēnei tauhohenga exothermic e te hiriwa, te rino-molybdenum rānei, me te kohu methanol e konatunatua ana ki te hau ka tukuna ki runga i te whakakorikori i roto i te tauhohenga.
Ka mimitia te formaldehyde e puta mai ana ki roto i tētahi otinga wai, ka whakapūmautia ki te 10–15% methanol hei ārai i te polymerization ki te paraformaldehyde. Me whakahaere tika te kukū methanol i roto i te rauemi whāngai me te kukū formaldehyde i roto i te tauhohenga me te hua whakamutunga kia pai ai te whakaputanga.
Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko:
Te Whakaritenga Methanol
Me whakarite kei te tika te kukū methanol wai o te rauemi whāngai (50–60 wt%) hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te tauhohenga.
Te waikura
Te whakahaere i te ōwehenga methanol-hau me ngā āhuatanga o te tauhohenga hei whakanui ake i te hanga formaldehyde me te whakaiti i ngā hua taha pēnei i te waikawa formic.
Ngongo
Ka mimiti i te formaldehyde ki roto i te wai hei hanga formalin, me te ine tika i te kukū formaldehyde hei ārai i te polymerization.
Te Rokiroki me te Whakapūmau
Te tāpiri i ngā whakaū methanol hei pupuri i te kukū formaldehyde me te ārai i te pirau.
He aha te mea nui o te whakahaere kukū ā-roto
He mea nui te pupuri i te ine tika i te kukū methanol me te ine i te kukū formaldehyde mō ētahi take. Ka taea e te nui rawa o te methanol i roto i te rauemi whāngai te arahi ki te korenga o te waikura, te whakaiti i ngā hua formaldehyde me te whakanui ake i te para. I tetahi atu taha, ki te kore te methanol e ranea, ka taea e te hoha te tauhohenga, ka heke te hua. I te wāhanga mimiti, ka tūpono te nui o te formaldehyde (neke atu i te 50 wt%) ki te polymerization, ka hanga he totoka paraformaldehyde ka aukati i ngā taputapu me te whakararuraru i ngā mahi.
He roa te wā e pau ana i ngā tikanga aroturuki tuku iho, pērā i te chromatography hau tuimotu, te titration rānei, ā, he ngāwari ki te hapa, ka whakaroa i ngā mahi whakatikatika. Ka whakaratohia e ngā pūoko kukū methanol me ngā pūoko kukū formaldehyde ngā raraunga tonu, ā-tūturu, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakarerekē tonu i ngā ōwehenga rauemi whāngai, ngā āhuatanga o te tauhohenga, me ngā tāpiringa whakaū, kia mau tonu ai te kounga hua me te whai huatanga o te mahi.
Aroturuki Kukū ā-Rārangi Lonnmeter e Manakohia ana
Ka mahi te mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter mā te ine i te wā tuku o ngā ngaru ultrasonic mai i tētahi pūtake tohu ki tētahi kaiwhiwhi, me te whakatau i te tere o te oro hei tatau i te mātotoru me te kukū. Kāore he pānga o ngā mirumiru, te pahuka, te kawe hiko, te tae, te mārama rānei o te wai ki tēnei tikanga, e whakarite ana i te pono teitei i roto i ngā taiao uaua pēnei i ngā whare hanga formaldehyde.
Nā te korenga o ngā wāhanga neke ka kore e pakaru te mīhini, ka oati ka pumau tonu te mahi i roto i te wā. Ka whakaitihia te tiaki e te hoahoa kore-whakauru o te mita, ā, ka ātete ōna rauemi ātete-waikura ki ngā matū kaha, ka pai mō ngā whare rongoā e whakahaere ana i ngā otinga formaldehyde me te methanol.
Ngā Rautaki Tāutanga me te Whakaurunga
Hei whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o ngā tātaritanga kukū formaldehyde, he mea nui te tāutanga rautaki. Me whakanoho ngā pūoko kukū methanol ki roto i ngā raina rauemi kai hei whakarite i te kounga whakauru ōrite, ā, he pai ngā mita kukū formaldehyde mō ngā putanga tauhohenga me ngā pou mimiti hei aroturuki i te hanganga hua me te pumau. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha tāpiri hei pupuri i te mahi tonu i te wā tiaki, hei whakaiti i te wā whakatā.
Mā te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere tipu ka taea ngā whakarerekētanga aunoa, pērā i te whakahaere i ngā tere whāngai methanol, i ngā tāpiringa whakaū rānei, i runga i ngā raraunga wā-tūturu. Mā te whakatikatika auau me ngā otinga paerewa ka tika te ine, inā koa i roto i ngā āhuatanga hihiri o te hanganga formaldehyde.
Ngā Painga o te Mita Kukū ā-Rāina Lonnmeter
Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Huatanga Whakahaere
Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūoko kukū methanol me ngā aroturuki kukū formaldehyde ka tino whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi i roto i ngā whare hanga formaldehyde. Mā te whakarato raraunga wā-tūturu, ka taea e ēnei taputapu te kite me te whakatika i ngā rerekētanga kukū i te wā tonu, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā whakararuraru tukanga. Hei tauira, mā te pupuri i te kukū methanol wai tino pai i roto i te rauemi kai ka ārai i te waikura kāore i oti, ka whakanui ake i ngā hua me te whakaiti i te para. Waihoki, mā te ine tika i te kukū formaldehyde i te wāhanga mimiti ka ārai i te polymerization, ka whakaiti i te paru o ngā taputapu me ngā utu tiaki.
I roto i ngā tipu hinu-matū, ka arotauhia e ēnei taputapu te whakamahinga o te methanol, ka whakaitihia ngā utu rauemi whāngai, engari i roto i ngā tipu rongoā, ka whakarite kia rite te kounga waenga, ka whakaitihia te mahi anō. E ai ki ngā whakatau tata a te ahumahi ka taea e te aroturukitanga ā-roto te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao tae atu ki te 10% me te penapena i te wā mahi nui mā te aunoa i ngā tukanga tātari.
Te Whakapūmau i te Kounga me te Whakatutukitanga o te Hua
Me tutuki i ngā hua e hangai ana ki te formaldehyde, pērā i ngā kapia urea-formaldehyde me ngā takawaenga rongoā, ngā paerewa kounga me te haumaru pakari. Mā ngā mīhini tātari kukū formaldehyde ka mau tonu te kukū tika (37–50 wt%) me te ihirangi whakaū i te hua whakamutunga (hei tauira, te formalin), ka ārai i te pirau me te whakarite i te mahi i roto i ngā tono pērā i ngā piripiri me ngā paninga.
Ko ngā ture taiao, e peia ana e te paitini o te formaldehyde, me tino whakahaere i ngā tukunga. Mā ngā mita ā-ipurangi ka āwhina i ngā tipu ki te aroturuki me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga formaldehyde, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā whiu me te whakarei ake i te pumau. He mea tino nui tēnei i roto i ngā tipu hinu-matū, i te wā e whakanui ake ai te whakaputanga nui i ngā pānga ki te taiao.
Te Penapena Utu me te Uara Mo Te Wā Roa
He nui ngā painga pūtea o ngā mita kukū formaldehyde. Mā te whakahaere aunoa i te aroturukitanga, ka whakaitihia e ēnei taputapu ngā utu mahi e pā ana ki te tauira ā-ringa, ka taea te penapena i ngā hāora ia rā i roto i ngā mahi tauine nui. Ka whakaitihia hoki e rātou te para mā te ārai i te nui rawa, te iti rawa rānei o te horopeta o te methanol me ngā mea whakaū, me te arotau i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi kai. Ka tutukihia ngā penapena pūngao mā te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga tino pai, me te whakaiti i te hiahia mō te wera nui rawa, te whakamatao rānei i roto i ngā tauhohenga me ngā waeine mimiti.
Ko te pakari o ēnei mita, he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi ātete-waikura, ka whakarite kia roa te pono i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua o te hanganga formaldehyde. Nā te iti o ngā whakaritenga tiaki me te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere, he haumitanga utu-whai hua ēnei mō ngā whare hanga matū me ngā whare hinu-matū e whai ana ki te whakapiki i te hua.
Ko te whiriwhiri i te pūoko kukū methanol, i te pūoko tātari kukū formaldehyde rānei e tika ana, me whai whakaaro nui ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tika, te pāmahana, te tikanga tāutanga, ngā rauemi, me ētahi atu.
Ngā Pātai Auau
Me pēhea te whakarei ake a ngā pūoko kukū methanol i te hanga formaldehyde?
Ka whakaratohia e ngā pūoko kukū methanol te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu o te kounga o ngā rauemi whāngai, kia pai ai te ine i te kukū methanol mō te waikura whakaterenga whai hua. Mā tēnei ka ārai i ngā tauhohenga kāore i oti, ka whakanui hoki i ngā hua i roto i ngā tipu hanga formaldehyde, ka whakarei ake i te ōritetanga o te hua.
He aha ngā painga o ngā mīhini tātari kukū formaldehyde?
Mā ngā taputapu tātari kukū formaldehyde ka whakarite kia tika ngā hua ine i te kukū formaldehyde, ka ārai i te polymerization me te whakarite kia tutukihia ngā herenga ture. Ka whakaitihia e rātou te para me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga i roto i ngā whare hanga matū me ngā whare rongoā.
Ka taea e ngā Mita Kukū ā-Ringi te Tu atu i ngā Āhuatanga Hanga Formaldehyde?
Kua hangaia ngā taputapu aroturuki kukū formaldehyde hou kia pono te mahi i raro i ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā āhuatanga waikura o te hanganga formaldehyde. He mea hanga ki ngā rauemi pakari, kia roa ai te mahi me te aroturuki tika.
Ngā pūoko kukū methanol, formaldehydemita kukūHe mea nui ngā taputapu aroturuki, me ngā taputapu tātari mō te whakahaere i ngā kukū ā-roto i roto i te hanganga formaldehyde, kia taea ai e ngā whare hanga formaldehyde, ngā whare hanga matū, ngā whare hanga hinu, me ngā whare rongoā te whakatutuki i te hiranga o te mahi. Mā te whakarato raraunga tika, wā-tūturu, ka arotauhia e ēnei taputapu ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga, ka whakaitihia te para, ā, ka whakarite kia tutukihia ngā paerewa haumaru me te taiao pakari. Kei te rite koe ki te whakapai ake i tō tukanga hanga formaldehyde? Whakapā atu ki a lonnmeter ki te tūhura i ngā mita kukū matatau kua whakaritea mō ō hiahia, ka wetewete i te whai huatanga me te kounga i roto i ō mahi.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-27-2025
