I te pikinga o ngā utu hinu o te ao, me te tere haere o te nekehanga ki te pūngao tauwhiro, kua eke te whakaputanga me te tango i ngā wahie rerekē pēnei i te etanoru, te biodiesel, me te butanol ki ngā taumata kāore i kitea i mua. Ehara i te mea ko ēnei wahie koiora anake kei te whakahou i te ranunga pūngao, engari kei te hanga hoki i ngā tono tere mō ngā hangarau matawai matatau hei whakarite i te tika o te whakaranu wahie, te whakahaere kounga, me te whai huatanga o te mahi.
Hei tauira, hei whakamahi mā ngā kaihanga me ngā kaiwhakarato etanoru, he wero nui te pupuri i te ōritetanga o te wahie, te arotau i ngā utu whakaputa, me te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa ture tino pakari.
Whakauru mai a Lonnmeter, he kaihanga auaha matua i roto i te hangarau tirotiro tukanga, me tētahi otinga hou kua hangaia hei aro atu ki ēnei wero: temita mātotoru ā-rotoI hangaia mō ngā hiahia hurihuri o ngā mākete wahie hinu me ngā mākete wahie rerekē, ka tukuna e tēnei hangarau hou he huarahi pakari, whai hua hoki ki te aroturuki i te kounga wahie i te wā tonu.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Hanganga Ethanol Tuku Iho
Ko ngā kaihanga wahie koiora e whakaputa ana i te etanoru wahie mai i te oumu kānga e whakamahi ana i te whakahorohoro tuku iho, mā te whakamahi i te whakahaere pāmahana hei tapahi i ngā wāhanga etanoru. Heoi, ko ngā poke i roto i ngā rauemi mata pērā i te methanol me ngā esters ka meinga te mimiti o ngā poke i te wā whakahorohoro. Hei tauira, ka mimiti te methanol i te pāmahana kohua 64.7°C i mua i te etanoru ka uru ki roto i te wāhanga etanoru.
Kāore e taea e ngā pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana te wehewehe tika i te etanoru me te methanol me ētahi atu poke, ka hua ake he rerekētanga nui o te parakore o te etanoru kua oti, me te mahi anō i ngā wā katoa.
Te poke e ārahi ana ki ngā hapa parakore
Ina neke atu i te 1.5%) te nui o te methanol i roto i te wai whakapūkara mata, ka mimiti te ranunga o te ethanol-methanol-wai i mua i te ethanol parakore, ā, ka eke te pāmahana i te tihi o te pou whakatō ki te 78.3 °C. Nō reira, he iti rawa te mātotoru o te ranunga tuatoru i te uara whainga 0.80 g/cm³. Kāore e taea e ngā pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana te tautuhi i tēnei rerekētanga me te haere tonu ki te tango noa, ka hua ake he nui rawa te nui o te methanol i roto i ngā hua kua oti.
Wawaotanga ā-ringa kua whakaroahia
E 20 meneti te roa o te whakaroa i te tango tauira me te whakamātautau kiato ā-ringa. I tēnei wā, kua tangohia pea te 5–8 tana o te etanoru kāore i te rite, ā, kāore e taea te whakarerekē i te ōwehenga reflux i te wā tūturu, ka hua ake te ngoikore o te pumau o te tukanga.
Ngā Otinga Lonnmeter mō te Aroturuki Kounga Koiora Wahie
Aroturukitanga Wā-tūturu Tino-Tika
Mā te ine i te mātotorutanga wā-tūturu mā te hangarau patent a Lonnmeter ka taea te tātari tika i ngā wāhanga wahie. Ka ine te mita mātotorutanga papatipu Coriolis i te mātotorutanga papatipu mā te auau wiri wai, ka tutuki te tika o te ±0.001 g/cm³. Ka taea e ia te wehewehe i ngā rerekētanga mātotorutanga i waenga i te etanoru, te wai, te methanol, me ētahi atu wāhanga i roto i te wā, ka karo i ngā whakatau hē mō te parakore i puta mai i te mimiti o te methanol i roto i te whakahaere pāmahana tuku iho.
Ko te mita mātotoru marau whakahāngai, me te tika ±0.001 g/cm³, ka urutau ki te wai mātotoru iti iho i te 2000 CP i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei. I taua wā, ka whakatikahia e te utu pāmahana kua hangaia i roto i ngā pānga i puta mai i te piki me te heke o te mātotoru me te pāmahana, ā, ka whakaoho i mua mā te aroturuki i te paerewa rerekētanga piki me te heke (σ), e whakarato ana i te tautoko raraunga pono mō te whakahaere tukanga.
Mana Whakahaere Hihiri-Katia
Mā ngā otinga a Lonnmeter ka tutuki te arotautanga hihiri o ngā tawhā tukanga mā te arorau whakahaere aunoa. Ka whakaohohia e ngā paepae matotoru kua whakaritea ngā tikanga hononga. Hei tauira, ka whakanuia aunoa te ōwehenga reflux ina teitei rawa te matotoru o te waikura etanoru, ka whakatikahia rānei te rōrahi tango ina iti rawa te matotoru.
Hoahoa mō te Mahi Ārai-Waewae me te Pono
Hei aro atu ki ngā āhuatanga ahumahi uaua, kei roto i ngā taputapu Lonnmeter ngā rauemi ātete-waikura me ngā hoahoa ātete-pahū. Ko ngā rauemi pēnei i a Hastelloy me te koranu titanium ka tu atu ki ngā mea waikura kaha pēnei i te methanol me te waikawa acetic, ka roa ake te ora o ngā taputapu ki te 8–10 tau—e 2–3 ngā wā roa atu i te maitai kore waikura tuku iho.
Ka whakaitihia e ngā hoahoa awa rere ārai-aukati ngā mōrearea pupuri o ngā wai matotoru. Ka pai ngā tiwhikete ātete-pahūtanga mō ngā taiao mura me ngā taiao pahū, ā, ko te whānuitanga o te pāmahana (-40 °C~150 °C) e kapi ana i ngā āhuatanga tino kino mai i te makariri o te Arctic ki te wera o te tropics, kia mau ai te mahi.
Taupānga Whānui
E tika ana ngā mita mātotoru ā-roto mō te whakaputa wahie katoa, te rokiroki, te kawe, me te mekameka tono. I roto i te whakahoro bioethanol, mā te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu o te mātotoru o te tihi pou ka taea te tapahi tika i te 95% o te etanoru parakore. I roto i te whakahoro korehau matū hinu, mā te tapahi i ngā wāhanga hihiri mā te mātotoru ka whakaiti i te taupatupatu mai i te 15% ki raro iho i te 5%, ka piki ake te hua mā te 8%. I roto i te rokiroki me te kawe wahie, ka hurihia e ngā raraunga mātotoru te rere rōrahi ki te rere papatipu, ka karo i ngā hapa ine i puta mai i te pāmahana me te whakarite i ngā whakataunga hokohoko tika. I roto i te aroturukitanga wahie rererangi, mā ngā whakatūpato parahanga wā-tūturu ka whakarite kia tutuki ngā paerewa mātotoru.
Te Whakaurunga Maamaa me te Whakahaere Raraunga:
Ka tautokohia e ngā taputapu Lonnmeter te whakaurunga IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things), ka taea ai te aroturuki mamao, te whai raraunga, me te tiaki matapae mā ngā tūāpapa kapua. Ko te whakahaere tika i te kounga wahie te mea nui ki te whakarei ake i te pai o te whakaputa me te whakataetae mākete.
Whakapā mai ki a mātou i tēnei rā kia whiwhi ai koe i ngā otinga whakarite kore utu, ka hangaia e tētahi tīma ngaio he mahere aroturuki mātotoru motuhake i runga i ngā āhuatanga tukanga me ngā momo wahie; ka taea hoki e ngā kaitono tuatahi e 100 te whiwhi tauira kore utu iti hei manatoko i te tika me te mahi a ngā taputapu i roto i ngā whakamātautau o te ao tūturu.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-06-2025
