Ko ngā aukume boron rino neodymium (NdFeB) he aukume tūturu whenua-onge e whakakotahi ana i te neodymium, te rino, me te boron. Koinei ngā aukume arumoni tino kaha. Ko tā rātou hua pūngao noa (BHmax) kei waenga i te 30 ki te neke atu i te 50 MGOe, e homai ana i ngā papa aukume matotoru ahakoa i roto i ngā rahinga iti. Nā tēnei ka waiho hei mea nui ngā aukume NdFeB mō ngā tono e tika ana kia whakaitihia te rahi me te taumaha me te kore e whakararu i te mahi.
Te Tukanga Whakauru i roto i te Hanga Aukume
Mā te tukanga whakauru ka whakauruhia he kapia kua tīpakohia ki roto i ngā pūwero honohono i roto i te aukume, i muri i te whakahinuhinu me te miihini whakamutunga. Ko te whāinga he whakarei ake i te mahi whānui o te rauemi mā te whakarerekē i te hanganga moroiti o te aukume.
Te Tūranga o te Urunga Resin
Ka whakakīia ngā kapiti moroiti me ngā pūwero o roto e te urunga o te kapia. Ko tēnei mahi:
- Ka whakapakari i te kaha me te pakari ā-pūkaha mā te "here" me te tautoko i te hanganga kirikiri pakarukaru.
- Ka tiaki i ngā rohe kakano tairongo mai i te makuku me ngā poke kaha, ka whakapai ake i te ātete ki te waikura me te kore e hanga i tētahi paparanga o waho motuhake.
- Ka pupuri i ngā āhuatanga aukume ina whakamahia ana ngā pūnaha kapia kore-aukume, iti-te uruhanga, kia iti ai te pānga ki te mau tonu me te kaha ātete.
Aukume Neodymium Rino Boron
*
Ngā momo maimoatanga whakaurunga kapia
Ko ngā pūnaha kapia tino rongonui mō ngā aukume NdFeB ko ngā kapia epoxy, he mea nui mō te ātete matū kaha, te piri pakari, me te maha o ngā tukanga. Ka whiriwhiria ngā kapia silicone mō te ngāwari me te manawanui wera; he tino pai ngā kapia polyurethane ki te ātete pānga. Ko ngā kapia ranu, ngā kapia whakarerekētia rānei, i ētahi wā ka whakareihia ki ngā matūriki nano, e aro ana ki te arotautanga maha-āhuatanga.
Ka taea te whakahaere i te whakaurunga mā te pēhanga korehau, e whakarite ana kia uru hohonu te kapia ki roto i ngā kapiti iti me ngā pūwero kua kati, mā ngā tikanga pēhanga iti rānei ina he iti noa te urunga. Kua whakaritea ēnei kōwhiringa mō te hanganga moroiti o te aukume me ngā tono whakamahinga whakamutunga.
Ngā Pānga o te Whakauru ki te Mahi a te Aukume
Ka nui ake te pakari o te ā-ringa i te urunga mai o te kapia. Ka whakararuraru ngā pore me ngā kapiti kua kī i ngā ara horapa kapiti pea, ka whakanui ake i te kaha piko me te pakari o te pakaru. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei te āhua o ngā aukume NdFeB ki te pakaru, ki te pakaru rānei i raro i te taumahatanga, ahakoa he ā-ringa, he wiri rānei.
Ka tino piki ake te ātete ki te waikura. Ka whakawhāitihia te urunga o ngā matū waikura e te whatunga kapia tonu i roto i te aukume. Ka whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau rehu tote me te haumākū tere ake te whakahekenga o ngā tere waikura mō ngā aukume kua uru ki roto, ki te whakaritea ki ngā mea kāore i rongoatia.
Ka mau tonu te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga aukume mā te whakatakotoranga kapia ātaahua. He iti noa te rōrahi kore-aukume ka tāpirihia e ngā kapia kua whiriwhiria pai—he iti iho i te 3–5% te hekenga o te mau tonu, te kaha rānei. I ētahi wā, he iti noa te pānga, nā te mea ka whakawhāitihia e te iti o te uruhanga o te kapia ngā pānga kino o te turuturu rere, ngā pānga tango aukume ā-roto rānei.
Mā te taurite tika o te kawenga kapia me te hohonutanga o te urunga ka whakarite kia pai ake te pumau o te miihini me te waikura me te iti o te taupatupatu aukume. Tērā pea ka kitea te hekenga o te mahi mēnā ka nui rawa te uta, ka nui rānei te kawe i ngā whakakī, nō reira, mā ngā tukanga aroturuki—pērā i te ine kukū matū ā-roto me ngā mita kukū matū Lonnmeter, te ine kukū ultrasonic rānei mā te whakamahi i ngā mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter—ka taea te pupuri i te mana whakahaere tino tika mō te ōritetanga o te urunga kapia. He mea nui te mahi a ēnei otinga aroturuki i roto i te tātari kukū matū i roto i te hanga, ā, ka whakarato i te tika i roto i te aroturuki kukū kapia ā-roto me te whakahaere tukanga urunga rauemi aukume.
Ko te whakaurunga kapia, hei wāhanga o te tukanga hanga aukume neodymium, he mea pai ake mō ngā taiao tino hira, e kitea ana, e wiri nui ana rānei, e pai ake ana i ngā paninga mata, i ngā pereti rānei i roto i te tiakitanga o roto me te pono mō te wā roa mō ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana ki ngā tikanga whakauru kapia pakari mō ngā aukume.
Ngā Tikanga mō te Whakaurunga Resin ki ngā Aukume NdFeB
Kua hurihia te hanga aukume boron rino neodymium e te pupuhi hononga me te hanga tāpiri. Ka hangaia e te pupuhi hononga ngā āhua uaua mā te whakamahi i tētahi hononga wai ki runga i ngā moenga paura, ka taea ai te hanga āhua uaua kāore e taea mā ngā tikanga tuku iho. Whai muri i te tā, me tukatuka te tinana matomato—e tohuhia ana e te porosity ā-roto—me te whakaurunga o te kapia hei taahiraa nui i roto i te tukanga hanga aukume neodymium.
Ngā Hipanga o te Tukanga Whakauru Resin
Te Whakarite: Te Whakahohe me te Horoi i te Mata
Ka tīmata te whakaurunga tika o te kapia mā te whakarite mata. Ka horoia ngā wāhanga hei tango i ngā here toenga, te paura wetewete, me ngā poke katoa. Ko te whakahohenga o te mata, i ētahi wā mā te plasma, mā te whakairo ngawari rānei, ka whakanui ake i te makuku me te āheinga ki te whakaurunga hohonu o te kapia. Mā te mata ma, kua whakahohehia hoki ka whakarite kia uru katoa te kapia, kia piri pai ai, kia nui ake ai ngā painga o te maimoatanga whakaurunga kapia i muri mai mō ngā aukume.
Te Uruhanga: Ngā Momo Resin e Whakamahia ana
E rua ngā momo kapia matua e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tikanga whakakī kapia mō ngā aukume—te whakamahana me te whakamahana kirihou.
- Ngā Resin WhakamahanaKo ngā pūnaha epoxy me te phenolic te mea nui nā te iti o te matotoru me te kaha o te piri. Ko ngā hanganga kua whakarerekētia, he maha ngā wā kei roto ngā matūriki nano pēnei i te SiC, BN rānei, ka whakapai ake i te pumau o te wera me te miihini. Ko ngā taumata matotoru iti (te nuinga o te 50–250 mPa·s) e pai ana mō tō rātou kaha ki te uru ki te hanganga pore pai i mahue i muri i te pupuhi o te here.
- Ngā Resini WhakamahanaKāore i te tino kitea, engari e whakamahia ana ina hiahiatia he tautoko urunga ngāwari, ka taea rānei te mahi anō.
Ko te urunga ā-korehau te huarahi paerewa. Ka whakanohoia te aukume ki roto i te kaukau kapia i raro i te korehau hei tango i ngā hau kua mau, kātahi ka tukuna ki te pēhanga hau, ki te pēhanga teitei rānei hei pana i te kapia ki roto i ngā pū. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā huringa urunga raupapa, i ētahi wā tae atu ki te 24 hāora, mō ngā hanganga tino pū.
Te Whakaora: Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Pānga
Mā te whakamaroke ka hurihia te kapia kua uru mai i te wai ki te totoka, ka mau tonu ngā painga ā-pūkaha me te tiaki. Ka whakaritea ngā tikanga whakamaroke ki te pūnaha kapia:
- Ngā rongoā maha-taahiraa, iti-pāmahanae pai ake ana, nā te mea ka whakaitihia te ahotea o roto, ka whakanuia hoki te mātotoru o te wāhanga whakamutunga.
- Ka taea e ngā wā roa i ngā pāmahana iti te whakawhāiti i ngā pikinga pāmahana, kia mau tonu ai te kaha akiaki me te mau tonu.
Te whakahaere tika i te pāmahana me te wā whakamaroke hei ārai i te hononga whakawhiti kāore i oti, i te nui rawa rānei o te horapa wera, ka taea e ēnei te whakaiti i te mahi a te rauemi aukume whakamutunga. He tino pānga tēnei wāhanga ina whakauruhia ngā tāpiringa mahi kua hangaia mō te whakahaere wera, te ātete waikura rānei.
Ngā Wero Noa i roto i te Whakaurunga Resin
E toru ngā wero e hanga tonu ana i te whai huatanga o te tukanga whakaurunga rauemi aukume:
- Te ōritetangaHe uaua te whakatutuki i te tohatoha ōrite o te kapia puta noa i ngā āhuahanga uaua. Tērā pea kāore e ranea te urunga o ngā wai ki ngā rohe he kikī te tākai, he awa rānei kua purua, ā, ka pā ki te kaha whānui me te tiaki i te waikura.
- Mana HōhonuMe tae ngā kapia ki ngā pūwero hohonu, e hono tahi ana, me te kore e ārai wawe i ngā mata. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te matotoru o te kapia, te pāmahana, me te āhua korehau/pēhanga ka pā ki te hohonu o te urunga.
- Te ōritetanga puta noa i ngā purangaKo te rerekētanga o ia puranga he āwangawanga matua. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga o te tākai paura, te toenga here, ngā āhuatanga urunga rānei te whakarerekē i te kiato, te pakari ā-mīhini, ngā āhuatanga aukume rānei. He mea nui te pupuri i ngā mana whakahaere tukanga me te aroturuki tino pakari—pērā i te aroturukitanga kukū kapia ā-roto mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pēnei i te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter, i te mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter rānei—kia taea ai te whakahoki i ngā hua.
Ko ngā painga o te urunga kapia mō ngā aukume ko te kaha ake o te miihini, te ātete ki te waikura, me te mahi kua whakaritea. Heoi, mā te nui rawa o te mimiti kapia ka whakaiti i te wāhanga rōrahi aukume me te whakararu i te taurite o te whānui wera, inā koa i raro i ngā kawenga huringa. Mā te aroturuki me te arotau i te tātari kukū matū i roto i te hanga, he maha ngā wā mā te ine kukū matū ā-roto, te pūoko ultrasonic rānei mō te ine kukū, ka whakarite kia whakapai tonu te tukanga i ngā āhuatanga o te aukume me te kore he taupatupatu kāore i te whakaarohia.
Te Hiranga o te Ine i te Kukū ā-Rārangi i te Wā o te Urunga
He mea nui te kukū tika o te kapia i te wā e whakauru ana te kapia ki ngā aukume boron rino neodymium. Ko ngā āhuatanga hangarau me te ātete waikura o ngā aukume NdFeB e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakauru taurite e tiaki ana i ngā rohe kakano, e whakakī ana i ngā āputa moroiti, ā, e ārai ana i te rerekētanga hanganga. Mō ngā painga whakauru kapia tino pai, me tuku e te kukū te urunga tika o te kapia me te kore e whakakī i te matrix me te whakaiti i te kaha o te aukume. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ko te whānuitanga tino pai, ko te 20–25 wt.% te kapia, ka hua ake he hua nui—pērā i te pikinga 30–50% o ngā kaha pēhi me te piko, me te whakapainga tae atu ki te 60% o te pakari whati ki te whakataurite ki ngā aukume kāore i rongoatia. Ko te kapia nui ka arahi ki te ngoikore o te rohe nā te koretake o te modulus, ko te kapia kāore i te rawaka ka waiho ngā āputa me ngā kapiti he ngoikore ki te pirau.
Ine ā-Rārangi me te Tauira Tuku Iho
Ko ngā hangarau ine kukū matū ā-roto, tae atu ki te ine kukū ultrasonic me te aroturuki kukū kapia ā-roto, ka whakarato i ngā whakapainga nui ki te tauira ā-ringa. Ko ngā mita kukū matū Lonnmeter me ngā mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter kua hangaia mō te aroturuki kukū kapia ā-roto wā-tūturu i roto i te tukanga hanga aukume neodymium. Ko ngā tuku a te ine ā-roto:
- Te Whakapai Ake i te Pūmau o te Tukanga:Ka mau tonu te aroturukitanga ā-roto i te mana whakahaere tonu o te kukū kapia, ka whakaiti i te rerekētanga o ngā puranga, ā, ka whakarite kia tukatukahia ia aukume ki ngā taumata tino pai. Ko te tātari kukū matū ōrite i roto i te hangahanga e pā tika ana ki te kounga urunga ōrite me ngā āhuatanga miihini e taea te matapae.
- Para Whakaitihia:Ka tukuna e ngā pūnaha ā-roto he urupare tere ki ngā kaiwhakahaere, ka ārai i te whakamahinga nui rawa, iti rawa rānei o te kapia. Ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga, ka whakaitihia te para, ā, ka whakaitihia te utu nui o ngā whakatikatika tukatuka-muri.
- Te Kitenga Hapa Wātea:Mā ngā raraunga wā-tūturu ka taea te whakatika tere i ngā pekapeka i puta mai i te piki me te heke o te tuku kapia, ngā awa rere kua aukatia, te nekenekehanga rānei o te pūoko. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te hanga o ngā aukume kāore i te rawaka te urunga, ka whakaiti i ngā hapa kounga me te mahi anō utu nui.
He rerekē, ko te tauira tuku iho—e ahu mai ana i te kohikohi ā-ringa me te tātari taiwhanga i ia wā—me whakamutu, me whakaroa rānei i ngā tikanga whakakī kapia mō ngā aukume. Kāore e taea e te tauira ā-ringa te hopu i ngā huringa kukū tere, ā, ka tūpono te kore e kitea he taupatupatu i waenga i te puranga ki te puranga. Mā te whakaroa i waenga i te tauira me ngā hua ka taea te mahi ka horapa ngā hapa puta noa i te maha o ngā aukume i mua i te taea o te wawaotanga.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Ine
He maha ngā arai hangarau e pā ana ki te tika o te aroturukitanga o te kukū kapia ā-roto:
- Te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te kapia:Ka pā te kukū o te kapia ki tōna matotoru; ka whakanui ake ngā kukū teitei i te ātete ki te rere, ka ārai pea i te urunga ki roto i ngā pūwero angiangi. Me urutau ngā taputapu aroturuki ki ngā huringa matotoru o te wā tūturu, kia tika ai ngā pānui i te wā e uru ana.
- Ngā Hurihuri o te Rere:Ka pāngia pea te tukanga whakaurunga rauemi aukume e ngā panoni ohorere o ngā tere rere nā te kaha o te papu, te aukati tātari, te whakarerekētanga rānei o ngā tawhā tukanga. Mēnā kāore ngā taputapu ine e aro ki te rere, ka rerekē pea ngā pānui, ka hua ake te tātaritanga kukū matū kore tika i roto i te hanga.
- Ngā āhuatanga taiao:Ka taea e te pāmahana, te haumākū, me te parahanga mai i ngā toenga tukanga te whakarerekē i te tika o te pūoko ultrasonic mō te ine kukū. Me whakatikatika e ngā pūnaha ine kukū matū ā-roto pakari ēnei āhuatanga taiao e neke haere ana kia mau tonu ai te tika.
E whakaatu ana ēnei wero i te hiahia mō ngā taputapu motuhake, pērā i ngā mita mātotoru ā-roto Lonnmeter me ngā mita matotoru, i hangaia mō ngā whakaritenga uaua o te maimoatanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume. Mā te whakauru tika i ngā taputapu ine wā-tūturu ki te wāhanga whakaurunga, ka taea e ngā kaihanga o ngā aukume boron rino neodymium te whakatinana me te maia i ngā tikanga whakaurunga kapia tino tika, te whakapumau i te kounga o te hua, me te tino mohio ki ngā painga miihini me te roa o te whakaurunga kua arotauhia.
Ngā Otinga Ine Kukū ā-Rārangi Matatau
Te Ine i te Kukū Matū me te Lonnmeter
Ka tukuna e ngā mita kukū matū Lonnmeter he ine tika, he wā-tūturu hoki o te kukū matū i roto i ngā tukanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume boron rino neodymium. Ko te kaupapa o te mahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tikanga matua e rua: te refractometric me te conductometric.
Te Mātāpono Ine Refractometric:
Ka whakatauhia te kukū e te mita whakaata-whakamātautau Lonnmeter mā te kite i ngā panonitanga o te taupū whakaata o te otinga kapia. Ka pāngia te taupū whakaata (n) e ngā wāhanga matū rewa. Ka kitea ngā panonitanga o te kukū hei panonitanga ngawari o te huarahi e haere ai te mārama mā roto i te otinga. Ko ngā ānau whakatikatika, e motuhake ana mō ia kapia, mō ia matū urunga rānei, e hono ana i te taupū whakaata kua inehia ki ngā taumata kukū. Kāore tēnei tikanga e whakangaro, ā, kāore e pāngia e te tae o te otinga, e te pōuri rānei — he painga tēnei i ngā huarahi whakaahua-whakamātautau. Hei tauira, ko te wehewehe i te panonitanga 0.01% o te kukū waikawa i te wā e tukatukahia ana te kapia mō ngā aukume ka whakapai ake i te ōritetanga me te āwhina ki te pupuri i te kounga o te hua.
Te Mātāpono Ine Whakahaere:
Ka inehia e ngā mita hiko te kawe hiko o te otinga, ka piki ake i runga i te kukū ionic kei roto. Ka whakamahia e te mita ngā irahiko hei whakamahi i te ngaohiko iti, hei ine i te ātete puta noa i te otinga. Ka rerekē te kawe hiko, e homai ana e κ = l/(R·A), i te mea ka huri ngā tote me ngā ion rewa. He tino whai hua tēnei mō ngā tukanga whakaurunga kapia e uru ana ki ngā momo ionic, nā te mea ka taea te kite tonu i ngā pekapeka tukanga.
Ngā Painga mō te Whakahaere Tukanga me te Tuhituhi i te Wā Tuturu:
- Mā ngā hua ine tonu ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakarerekē i te tukanga whakauru i mua i te pānga o ngā pekapeka ki te kounga o te aukume.
- Ka aunoa te utu pāmahana, kia tika ai te whakaata i ngā taumata matū pono i roto i ngā pānui kukū, kaua i ngā mea hangai o te pāmahana.
- Ka taea te tuhi tonu i ngā raraunga ine hei tuhinga whai, hei whakahaere i te hanganga ture mō te urunga mai o ngā rauemi aukume.
- Mā te iti o te whakahaere tauira ka whakaiti i ngā hapa tangata me te mōrearea o te poke.
- Tauira: Mā te aroturuki tonu i te maimoatanga urunga kapia mō ngā aukume mā te whakamahi i te Lonnmeter ka ārai i te urunga iti, nui rawa rānei, ā, ka pāngia ngā āhuatanga o te aukume kua oti.
Te Ine i te Kukū Ultrasonic
Kua hangaia ngā mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter mō te aroturuki kukū resin ā-roto, he mea tino pai mō ngā tukanga hanga aukume neodymium me ngā tikanga whakakī resin mō ngā aukume. Ka whakamahia e tā rātou mahi te hangarau pūoko ultrasonic, e tātari ana i te tere me te whakaiti o ngā ngaru oro i a rātou e haere ana i roto i te otinga resin.
Te Mahi a te Mita Kukū Ultrasonic Lonnmeter:
- Ka tukuna e te mita ngā ngaru oro auau teitei mā roto i te wairewa kapia.
- Ka whakarerekē te tere me te mimiti o ēnei ngaru i ngā rerekētanga o te kukū o te otinga.
- Ka whakamāramahia e te pūnaha pūoko ēnei huringa hei tatau i ngā uara kukū matū tika i te wā tūturu.
Ngā Painga:
- Aroturukitanga Kore-Whakaekenga:Ka mahi ngā pūoko orooro me te kore e pā tika ki te wai tukanga. Mā tēnei huarahi ka whakakorea ngā tūponotanga poke ka puta mai i ngā taputapu tirotiro urutomo.
- Teitei o te Tika:E whakaatu ana ngā mita orooro i te āheinga ki te tukurua, me te hapa ine i raro iho i te 0.05% mō ngā otinga kapia paerewa. Mā te aro o ēnei ka taea te whakarite i te tukanga whakaurunga kia pai ai te tohatoha kapia i roto i ngā aukume.
- Te Kohi Raraunga Tere:Me ngā wā urupare i roto i ngā mirihekona, he mea tino pai ngā pūoko ultrasonic mō ngā taiao whakaputa tonu, e tautoko ana i te tātari kukū matū tika i roto i te hangahanga.
- He iti te tiaki:Nā te mea kāore ngā pūoko e pā ki ngā matū kaha, he iti noa te pakaru, ā, he iti noa iho ngā wā whakatikatika me te horoi.
Tauira Taupānga:
Mā te ine i te kukū ultrasonic ā-roto ka taea te whakatikatika i te tohatoha o te kapia i te wā e uru ana ngā aukume boron rino neodymium, ka whakapai ake i tā rātou mahi me te whakaroa i te roanga o te mahi.
Te Whakaurunga ki ngā Pūnaha Whakauru Aunoa
Kua whirihorahia ngā mita mita roa kia pai ai te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha whakaurunga aunoa i roto i ngā tukanga hanga aukume neodymium. Mā te urupare wā-tūturu ka taea te whakahaere tika i te inenga matū me ngā tere whakaurunga.
- I te mea ka tukuna tonutia ngā inenga kukū kapia ki ngā kaiwhakahaere tukanga, ka taea te mahi aunoa i ngā whakarerekētanga hei pupuri i ngā āhuatanga tukanga tino pai.
- Mā tēnei whakaurunga ka whakaitihia te mahi ā-ringa, ka whakaitihia te rerekētanga, ā, ka whakarite kia rite tonu ngā painga o te urunga kapia mō ngā aukume.
- Ka taea e ngā pūnaha aunoa te penapena i ngā raraunga ine katoa mō te manatoko tukanga, ngā arotake ture, me te whakamana kounga hua.
Tauira:
I te wā e tukatukahia ana te urunga o te kapia, mā ngā raraunga ā-roto mai i te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te urupare tonu ki ngā piki me ngā heke, me te whakarerekē i te tukunga o te kapia kia mau tonu ai ngā āhuatanga i roto i ngā paepae kua tohua. Mā tēnei ka whakarite kia pai te whakaurunga mō ia puranga, hei tautoko i ngā paerewa tukanga urunga rauemi aukume matatau.
Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Whakahaere Kukū Resin ā-Rārangi
Ko te tika o te maimoatanga urunga kapia mō ngā aukume, pērā i te tukanga hanga aukume neodymium, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tikanga ine kukū matū ā-roto pakari. He mea nui te whakatikatika pakari, te aukati paru whai hua, me te whakahaere raraunga whānui hei whakarite kia tika, kia taea te whai, kia urutau tonu hoki te aroturuki kukū kapia ā-roto.
Te Whakamātautau me te Whakamana i ngā Pūnaha Ine
Ka tīmata te whakatikatika mā te whakamahi i ngā otinga kapia paerewa kua whakamanahia i ngā kukū rerekē e mōhiotia ana. Ko te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter, tae atu ki te mita kukū ultrasonic, me whakatakoto ngā tohutoro turanga mā te mahere i ngā pānui putanga ki ēnei kukū e mōhiotia ana.
Me whakauru i roto i ia whakatikatika ngā inenga auau o ngā paerewa tohutoro hei hanga i tētahi ānau urupare pūoko pono, mā te whakamahi i te tātari tatauranga mō te auautanga me te whakatau tata hapa.
I te wā o te tukanga whakaurunga kapia, inā koa i roto i te whakaurunga rauemi aukume, me whakarite tika ngā tawhā mahi a te pūoko—pērā i te auau oro me te whānuitanga kitea i runga i te pūoko ultrasonic mō te ine kukū. Me whai i te whakatikatika tuatahi me ngā wā whakatikatika anō kua whakaritea puta noa i te hanga aukume. Mā tēnei ka mau tonu te tika o te ine, hei utu mō te nekenekehanga pea o te pūoko i puta mai i ngā huringa pāmahana, ngā rerekētanga o te āhuatanga kapia, te tawhito rānei o ngā taputapu.
Ko te whakamana he whakamahi i ngā mana whakahaere whakamātautau, e whakatauritea ai ngā pānui o te pūoko ki runga i te kapia e uru ana ki roto i ngā oko ki te tātari kukū matū taiwhanga tuimotu i roto i te ahumahi.
Mā ngā rerekētanga o te ia o ngā tikanga ā-roto me ā-tuimotu ka tīmata te arotake whakatikatika me te whakarerekētanga pea o te pūoko, kia taea ai te tuku i te tukanga whakaurunga i ngā taumata kukū kapia e hiahiatia ana mō te kounga aukume tino pai.
Te Ārai i te Para o te Pūoko me te Whakarite i te Tika Tonu
Ko te poke o te pūoko—te putunga o te kapia, o ngā poke tukanga rānei ki runga i ngā mata ine—ka noho mōrearea tika i te wā e whakakīia ana te kapia ki ngā aukume.
Whakamahia ngā tikanga ārai-paru, me te whakamahi i ngā arai ā-tinana pēnei i ngā paninga hangarau, i ngā horoi miihini noa rānei mō ngā mita kiato me te matotoru o te Lonnmeter.
Me whakaū i ngā tikanga horoi auau i ngā wā kua whakaritea, me te whakatau i runga i ngā ia o te nekehanga o ngā pūoko o mua me te nui o te whakaputanga.
Tuhia ngā mahi poke me ngā wawaotanga horoi ki roto i ngā rārangi tiaki. Rangahauhia te poke tonu me te hangarau mata matatau, me te arotau i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te pūoko kia ātete ki ngā taiao kapia kaha.
Aroturukihia ngā pānuitanga tūāpapa mō ngā huringa tohu kāore i te whakamāramatia, e tohu ana pea i te paru hapa. Me mahi tonu te mahi ki te horoi, ki te whakatikatika anō rānei i te pūnaha, me te iti rawa o te aukati tukanga hei tiaki i te tika tonu o te ine i te kukū o te kapia ā-roto.
Te Takitaki Raraunga, te Tātari Auaha, me te Whakahaere Tukanga Urutau
Whakatinanahia he takiuru raraunga whānui mō ia huringa ine kukū kapia ā-roto. Me whakarato e ngā mita mita roa ngā raraunga matotoru me te mātotoru kua tohua ki te wā, he mea nui mō te aroturuki i te ōritetanga o te puranga.
Pūrangatia ngā putanga o te pūoko, ngā takahanga whakatikatika, me ngā wawaotanga horoi me ngā tikanga whakahaere (momo kapia, tere rere, pāmahana) hei whai i ngā āhuatanga katoa.
Whakahaerehia he tātari auau i ngā ia o ngā raraunga kua takiuruhia. Tāutuhia ngā panonitanga āta haere o te kukū, ngā pekapeka ohorere rānei e tohu ana i ngā hapa o te tukanga, te poke o te pūoko, te hē rānei o te whakatikatika.
Mā te whakaaturanga o ngā au o te wā tūturu ka taea te whakahaere tukanga urutau: ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakarite wawe i te rere o te kapia, te tere o te urunga, te whakatikatika mita rānei hei tautuhi anō i ngā tawhā tukanga.
Mā te pupuri i ngā tuhinga taipitopito ka tautoko i te tutuki i ngā ture me te whakapai tonu i ngā tukanga hanga aukume boron rino neodymium.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakatikatika pakari, ngā tikanga ārai-paru tino pakari, me te whakahaere raraunga mataara, ka whakarite kia tukuna e te aroturukitanga kukū kapia ā-roto he raraunga tino pono, ka taea te whakamahi puta noa i te tukanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume.
Hanganga Moroiti i te Wā Whakahauora
*
Ngā Rautaki Arotau mō te Maimoatanga o te Uruhanga Resin
Ko te arotau i te tukanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume boron rino neodymium ka tīmata mā te whakahaere tika, wā-tūturu o te kukū kapia. Ko te ine kukū matū ā-roto, e whakahohea ana e ngā taputapu pēnei i te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter me te mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter, ka whakarato raraunga tonu mō te ihirangi kapia i ngā wāhanga whakaranu me te whakaurunga. Mā ēnei taputapu ine ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakarerekē tonu i te hanganga kapia, me te urupare ki ngā rerekētanga kua kitea i roto i te kukū, i te matotoru rānei. Hei tauira, ki te kitea e te pūnaha aroturuki kukū kapia ā-roto Lonnmeter he hekenga o te mātotoru kapia, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga kapia turanga hei pupuri i ngā āhuatanga mahi whainga mō te tukanga whakaurunga.
He mea nui ngā takahuri urupare urutau ki te pupuri i te hohonutanga whakauru pai rawa atu. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakahaere tukanga ngā pānui wā-tūturu mai i te pūoko ultrasonic mō te ine kukū me ngā pūoko kiato hei ārahi hihiri i ngā tikanga whakakī kapia mō ngā aukume. I te urunga o te kapia ki roto i te hanganga moroiti o te aukume, ka whakarite te urupare tonu kia noho tonu te urunga ki roto i ngā whakaritenga, hei utu mō ngā taurangi pēnei i te hurihanga o ngā hanganga pore, ngā āhuatanga taiao rānei. Mō ngā āhuahanga NdFeB uaua, ka ārai te tātari kukū matū tika i roto i te hangahanga i te urunga iti, e arahi ana ki ngā rohe e kitea ana, te urunga nui rawa rānei, ka pā pea ki te mahi miihini.
Me tino whakahaere i ngā tukanga hei whakaiti i ngā pūtake hapa. Ka taea e ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana te whakapōrearea i te matotoru o te kapia, ka puta he rere me te urunga koretake. Mā te whakamahi i ngā mita matotoru me te matotoru o roto o Lonnmeter ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakauru i te utu pāmahana, me te whakarite kia rite tonu ngā pānui me te ōrite o ngā āhuatanga kapia ahakoa ngā pūtake wera o waho. He mea nui anō hoki te whakakore i ngā mirumiru hau kua mau; ka whakararuraru ngā mirumiru i te rere o te capillary, ā, ka ārai pea i te kapia kia tae atu ki ētahi rohe i roto i te rauemi aukume. Ka taea e ngā pūnaha aroturuki roto te tohu i ngā rerekētanga pēhanga, i ngā huringa ohorere rānei o ngā tauira ine, e tohu ana i te aroaro o te hau, ā, ka akiaki i ngā wawaotanga pēnei i te tango hau, i ngā whakatikatika pēhanga rānei.
Me whakaranu hoki te kapia ōrite kia pono ai ngā hua whakaurunga. Tērā pea he iti, he nui rānei ngā wāhi o ngā ranunga kapia kāore i te ōrite, ka hua ake he parenga aukume, he kaha ā-ringa rānei kāore i te ōrite. Mā te aroturuki i te kukū kapia ā-roto, e whakakahangia ana e Lonnmeter, ka whakarite kia noho tonu te ranunga o te kapia i mua me te wā whakaurunga, me ngā whakatūpato aunoa mō ngā rerekētanga i waho o ngā manawanui kua whakaritea.
Mā te whakahaere kukū tika e tautoko tika ana i te pono o te aukume me te hua hanga. Mō ngā aukume boron rino neodymium me ngā āhua uaua—pērā i ngā rotors maha-wāhanga, i ngā wāhanga hohonu rānei—mā te whakahaere kapia urutau ka pupuri i te hohonutanga o te urunga kia ōrite, ka whakaiti i ngā tere para me te whakarei ake i te ātete ki te waikura. Mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu ine matatau a Lonnmeter me ngā taputapu ine ultrasonic hei wāhanga matua o te tukanga urunga rauemi aukume ka whakarite kia tutuki i te hanga aukume neodymium ngā whakaritenga mahi pakari me te kore he para rauemi koretake, he whakatikatika rānei i muri i te tukanga.
Te Whakanui i te Mahi me te Roa o te Aukume
I roto i te hanga aukume NdFeB, ko te whakahaere i ngā tawhā whakaurunga me ngā kukū matū ka pā tika ki ngā āhuatanga aukume, ā-mīhini, me te ātete-waikura o te rauemi. Mā te aroturuki i te kukū kapia ā-roto—ina koa mā te ine i te kukū matū ultrasonic me ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā mita Lonnmeter—ka taea te whakahaere tika i te maimoatanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume, e tautoko ana i te arotautanga o te mahi me te roa.
Te Hononga i waenga i ngā Tawhā Whakauru, ngā Kukū i Inehia, me te Mahi
Ka uru te tukanga whakaurunga kapia ki roto i ngā rohe kakano, ka whakakī i ngā kapiti moroiti i roto i ngā aukume NdFeB, ka whakapai ake i te hanganga whānui. Ina whakahaerea tika te kukū kapia—mā te whakamahi i te tātari kukū matū ā-roto i te raina whakaputa—ka tutuki i ngā kaihanga he tohatoha ōrite o te kapia. Mā tēnei ōritetanga ka whakarite kia whai hua te kapi rohe kakano, ka whakaitihia ngā ngoikoretanga ka arahi pea ki te pakarukaru, te pakaru wawe rānei.
Mā ngā kukū matū ine ka whakatau i te kaha me te hohonu o te urunga o te kapia. Hei tauira, ko te whakaurunga iti ka hua ake he kapi kāore i oti, ka hua ake he pakaru moroiti pumau me ngā āhuatanga miihini ngoikore. He rerekē, mā te whakaurunga nui ka whakaiti i te mahi aukume ā-roto nā te nui rawa o ngā wāhanga kore-aukume i whakaurua. Ko ngā mita kiato ā-roto me te pūoko ultrasonic mō te ine kukū, pērā i ngā mea i hangaia e Lonnmeter, ka whakarato raraunga wā-tūturu, ka taea ai ngā whakarerekētanga me te whakaiti i te nekenekehanga o te tukanga.
Te Kaha me te Pakari o te Mīhini
I ngā wā o mua, kua ngoikore te kaha ā-pūkaha o ngā aukume boron rino neodymium nā te tino pakarukaru. Ko te urunga kapia whakahaeretia, i manatokohia mā te aroturuki i te kukū kapia ā-roto, ka hua ake he hanganga angiangi ake, he pakari ake hoki. Ko te whakaahua tere-teitei i roto i ngā whakamātautau pēhi hihiri e whakaatu ana ko ngā aukume kua uru tika ka tu atu ki ngā kawenga nui ake, ā, ka whakaatu i te puhoi o te horapa o te kapiti ki ngā tauira kāore i maimoatia, i maimoatia rānei kāore i te ōrite. E pā tika ana ēnei whakapainga ki te kounga me te matū o te kapia kua tohatohahia puta noa i ngā rohe kōhatu.
Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā aukume i hangaia me te kore he tikanga whakakī kapia āta, ko ngā mea i tukatukahia mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga whakaurunga kapia e aroturukitia pai ana ka whakaatu i te ahotea pēhanga teitei ake tae atu ki te 30%, inā koa i raro i ngā kawenga hihiri. Mā te kukū matū ōrite ka whakarite kia whiwhi ia wāhanga o te aukume i te whakakaha e tika ana me te kore e whakararu i te pumau o te aukume whānui.
Arotautanga Ātete Waikura
Ko te hanga aukume neodymium e hiahia ana ki ngā otinga hei ārai i te waikura, inā koa mō ngā whakamahinga motuka me ngā whakamahinga hiko. Ko ngā painga o te urunga kapia mō ngā aukume ko te hanganga o tētahi arai tiaki, te aukati i ngā matū kaha - pērā i te makuku, i ngā tote rānei - kei tae atu ki ngā hanganga o roto ngoikore. Ko te whakatauira whakamātautau o ngā taiao uaua e whakaatu ana i tētahi hononga tika: ko ngā aukume me te urunga kapia kua tino arotauhia e whakaatu ana i te whakahekenga nui o ngā tere waikura me te pupuri i te kaha aukume taketake mō ngā wā mahi roa.
He mea nui ngā tawhā whakaurunga—kua tuhia e ngā mita kukū ultrasonic ā-roto—hei whakaū kei te hipoki katoa te kapia, ā, kei te tiaki hoki i ngā rohe kōhatu e kitea ana. Mēnā ka heke te kukū kapia ki raro i ngā paepae kua whakaritea i te wā e whakaputa ana, ka whakatūpato ngā whakaoho tukanga i ngā kaiwhakahaere i mua i te puta mai o ngā hapa, o ngā puranga ngoikore rānei.
Te Tiaki i ngā Āhuatanga Aukume
Ko te whakatutuki i te mahi aukume kaha (te kaha o te aukume me te mau tonu) me aro ki te taurite i waenga i te ihirangi kapia me te tohatoha ā-wāhanga whānui. Mā te tātari kukū matū tika i roto i te hanga - e aroturukitia ana e ngā taputapu ine ā-roto Lonnmeter - ka whakarite kia whakapakarihia e te maimoatanga whakaurunga ngā rohe kakano me te kore e tino whakawaiwai i te ā-wāhanga aukume. Hei tauira, ko te whakauru i te 0.64 wt% o te huānga whenua onge mā te tohatoha rohe kakano ka hua ake he pikinga o te aukume mai i te 16.66 kOe ki te 23.78 kOe - he hua e hono tata ana ki te whakaurunga pai me te whakahaere ā-wāhanga.
Mā te aroturukitanga auau o te kukū o te kapia e pupuri i te ōritetanga o te puranga, ā, ka whakanui ake hoki i te mahi whakamutunga o ngā aukume NdFeB i roto i ngā tono tino hiahiatia.
Te Whakapūmau i te Kounga Tukanga me ngā Taputapu Lonnmeter
Mā te ine aunoa, tonu mā te whakamahi i te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter, i te mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter rānei, ka mau tonu te tukanga whakaurunga kapia puta noa i te whakaputanga papatipu—ka whakaiti tika i ngā tere mahi anō. Ka tere te kitea me te whakatika i ngā pekapeka tukanga, ka whakawhāiti i te mōrearea o ngā aukume i waho o te whakaritenga me ngā rauemi maumau. Mā tēnei huarahi ā-roto-tūturu ka whakaitihia te hiahia mō te whakamātautau tuimotu whakangaro, ka whakapoto i ngā porowhita urupare, ā, ka pumau te kounga hua i roto i te wā.
He iti ake ngā hapa ā-mīhini e kitea ana e ngā kaihanga e whakamahi ana i ēnei hangarau aroturuki ā-roto, he pai ake te tiaki i te waikura, me ngā āhuatanga aukume teitei tonu. Ko te mutunga mai he aukume boron rino neodymium roa ake te ora, he pono ake, he pai mō ngā whakamahinga uaua o te ao motuka, hiko, me te pūngao.
Mā te whakarite kia tino whakahaerehia te tukanga whakaurunga kapia mō ngā aukume mā te ine kukū ā-roto, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te tuku maia i ngā rauemi aukume matatau me te roa o te ora me te mahi tino pai.
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha ngā painga o te urunga kapia ki ngā aukume boron rino neodymium?
Ka whakarei ake te urunga kapia i te roa me te roa o te ora o ngā aukume boron rino neodymium mā te hanga i tētahi arai tiaki mai i te makuku me ngā mea waikura. Ka ngoikore ngā rohe kōpaka matatini o te aukume ki te waikura galvanic, ka tere ai te pirau me te pakaru o te mata. Ka whakawhāitihia e ngā paninga kapia—pērā i te kapia epoxy, te parylene rānei—te whakapā tika ki te makuku o te hau, ka whakaitihia te tere o te waikura me te aukati i te pakaru o te hanganga. Ka whakanuia hoki e te urunga ōrite te ātete ki ngā ahotea miihini e pā ana ki te huihuinga me te whakamahinga whakahaere. He mea nui, ka tiakina e te urunga kapia ngā āhuatanga aukume mā te aukati i te ngaronga o te mau tonu me te kaha, ka taea ai e ngā aukume te pupuri i te putanga aukume ōrite e tika ana mō ngā tono tika.
Me pēhea te whakapai ake a te ine kukū ā-roto i te tukanga urutomo?
Mā te ine tika i te kukū matū ā-roto ka taea te whakauru i te kapia i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere me te taea te whakahoki. Mā te aroturuki tonu ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga o te kapia i te wā tūturu, e tautoko ana i te hohonutanga whakauru me te hipoki ōrite puta noa i ia puranga aukume. Mā tēnei tika ka ārai i te whakaurunga iti, nui rawa rānei, ka whakaitihia ngā hapa hua pēnei i te hiri kāore i oti, te tiaki miihini koretake rānei. He mea nui te ine ā-roto hei pupuri i te kounga i roto i ngā taiao hanga nui, aunoa rānei, me te whakarite kia tutuki i ia aukume ngā paerewa pakari me te mahi.
He aha te mea e wehewehe ai te mita kukū matū Lonnmeter i ētahi atu otinga?
Ka tukuna e te mita kukū matū a Lonnmeter ngā pānui wā-tūturu me te urupare tonu i te wā o te tukanga whakaurunga kapia. Kāore i rite ki te tauira tuimotu, ka aroturuki tonu tēnei tātaritanga ā-roto i te tukanga, ā, ka āwhina i te whakarerekētanga aunoa o te horopeta me ngā āhuatanga o te kapia. Mā tōna hoahoa pakari ka whakarite kia tika i roto i ngā tautuhinga whakaputa matatini me te tauine nui, kia pai ai mō ngā rerengamahi ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te kaha whakaputa nui me te mana kounga pakari. Kua arotauhia ngā mita Lonnmeter mō te tātari kukū matū tonu e hiahiatia ana i roto i te hanga aukume neodymium, e whakaatu ana i ngā pūoko taumira teitei me ngā wā urupare tere e hiahiatia ana mō ngā tikanga whakauru kapia whai hua mō ngā aukume.
Ka taea e ngā mita kukū ultrasonic te whai i ngā huringa i te wā e uru ana te kapia?
Ka tukuna e ngā mita kukū ultrasonic Lonnmeter he aroturuki tere, kore-whakaekenga o ngā taumata kukū kapia i te wā e uru ana. Ka kitea e ēnei pūoko ultrasonic ngā nekehanga iti o te hanganga matū me te kore e whakararu i te rere o te whakaputa. Ka whakaratohia he ine tonu me te urupare tere, he mea nui hei whakarite i te pono o te tukanga me te karo i te rerekētanga puranga. He pai te huarahi ultrasonic mō ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana ki te tātari kukū matū auau, tika, inā koa me noho pumau ngā āhuatanga kapia puta noa i te tukanga uru rauemi aukume.
He aha te hiranga o te whakaranu ōrite o te kapia i roto i te maimoatanga urunga?
He mea nui te whakaranu kapia ōrite, ōrite hoki, mō te maimoatanga whai hua o te urunga kapia ki ngā aukume. Mā te whakaranu kapia ōrite ka tiakina ōrite ia wāhanga o te aukume, ka whakakorea ngā wāhi ngoikore o te rohe ka taea te pirau, te pakaru rānei o te miihini. Ka tautokohia hoki e te whakaranu tika ngā āhuatanga mahi e hiahiatia ana, pērā i te whakamarumaru ōrite me te pumau miihini puta noa i te puranga katoa. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā aukume neodymium rino boron e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tono e hiahia ana kia tata te manawanui me te pono teitei, nā te mea ka taea e te tohatoha kapia kāore i te ōrite te whakararu i te ātete pirau me te mahi whakahaere.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-08-2025
