I roto i te pūnaha whakakorenga hau paru mākū o te kōhatu-gypsum, he mea nui te pupuri i te kounga o te paru kia haumaru, kia pumau hoki te mahi a te pūnaha katoa. Ka pā tika ki te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu, te pai o te whakakorenga, me te kounga o ngā hua taha. He maha ngā tipu hiko e whakaiti ana i te pānga o ngā iona pūhaumāota i roto i te paru ki te pūnaha FGD. Kei raro nei ngā tūponotanga o te nui rawa o ngā iona pūhaumāota, ō rātou pūtake, me ngā mahi whakapai ake kua tūtohutia.
I. Ngā Tūponotanga o te Nui rawa o ngā Katote Hauhā
1. Te Waikura Tere o ngā Wāhanga Konganuku i roto i te Pūwero
- Ka waikura te maitai kore waikura i ngā katote pūhaumāota, ka pakaru te paparanga whakangāwari.
- Ka whakaitihia te pH o te paru e te nui o te Cl⁻, ka puta te waikura whānui o te konganuku, te waikura kapiti, me te waikura ahotea. Ka kino tēnei i ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā papu paru me ngā mīhini whakaoho, ka whakapotohia te roa o te ora.
- I te wā e hangaia ana te pūwero, he mea nui te whakaaro ki te kukū Cl⁻ e whakaaetia ana. Mēnā he nui ake te ātete ki te hauota, me pai ake ngā rauemi, ā, ka piki ake ngā utu. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e ngā rauemi pēnei i te maitai kore waikura 2205 te tu atu ki ngā kukū Cl⁻ tae atu ki te 20,000 mg/L. Mō ngā kukū teitei ake, e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia ngā rauemi pakari ake pēnei i te Hastelloy, ngā koranu nikara rānei.
2. Te Whakaiti i te Whakamahinga o te Parapara me te Whakanuia o te Whakamahinga o te Tauhohenga/Pūngao
- Ko te nuinga o ngā hauota kei roto i te paru hei konupūmā hauota. Nā te pānga o te katote noa, ka pehia te whakarewanga o te kōhatu uku, ka whakaiti i te kawakore, ā, ka pā ki te tauhohenga tango SO₂.
- Ka ārai hoki ngā katote pūhaumāota i te mimiti ā-tinana, ā-matū hoki o te SO₂, ka whakaiti i te whai huatanga o te tango pūhā.
- Ka taea e te nui rawa o te Cl⁻ te hanga mirumiru i roto i te ngongo, ka puta te waipuke, te hē o ngā taumata wai, me te pakaru o te papu. Ka taea hoki e tēnei te hua ake ko te urunga o te paru ki roto i te paipa hau para.
- Ka taea hoki e ngā kukū nui o te pūhaumāota te whakaputa i ngā tauhohenga matatini kaha ki ngā konganuku pēnei i te Al, Fe, me te Zn, ka whakaiti i te tauhohenga o te CaCO₃, ā, ka mutu, ka whakaiti i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga o te paru.
3. Te hekenga o te kounga o te gypsum
- Ka aukatia te whakarewanga o te SO₂ e te nui o te kukū Cl⁻ i roto i te paru, ka nui ake te ihirangi CaCO₃ i roto i te gypsum, ā, ka ngoikore hoki ōna āhuatanga whakamaroke.
- Hei whakaputa i te gypsum kounga teitei, me tāpiri atu he wai horoi, ka hanga he huringa kino, ka whakanui ake i te kukū o te pūhaumāota i roto i te wai para, ka uaua ake te tukatuka.
II. Ngā Pūtake o ngā Iona Hauhā i roto i te Parai Whakaoho
1. Ngā Tauhohenga FGD, te Wai Whakapaipai, me te Waro
- Ka uru ngā hauota ki te pūnaha mā roto i ēnei whakaurunga.
2. Te Whakamahi i te Pupuhi Whakamatao o te Pourewa Whakamatao hei Wai Tukanga
- I te nuinga o te wā, kei roto i te wai pupuhi te 550 mg/L o te Cl⁻, ā, ka whai wāhi tēnei ki te kohikohinga o te paru Cl⁻.
3. Te Mahi Kino o te Pūwhakaoho Hiko
- Ka mau te pūhaumāota i te nui haere o ngā matūriki puehu e tomo ana ki te pūmimi, ka rewa ki roto i te paru, ka kohikohi.
4. Te Tukunga Parakore Kāore i te Rawa
- Ki te kore e tukuna te wai para tango whanariki e ai ki te hoahoa me ngā whakaritenga whakahaere, ka hua ake te kohikohinga o te Cl⁻.
III. Ngā Mahi hei Whakahaere i ngā Iona Hauhā i roto i te Parai Āmiomio
Ko te tikanga tino whai hua hei whakahaere i te nui rawa o te Cl⁻ ko te whakanui ake i te tukunga o te wai parahanga desulfurization me te whakarite kia tutukihia ngā paerewa tukunga. Ko ētahi atu tikanga e taunakitia ana ko:
1. Whakapai ake i te Whakamahinga Wai Tātari
- Whakapotoa te wā hurihanga anō o te tātari, ā, whakahaerea te rerenga mai o te wai whakamatao, te wai ua rānei ki roto i te pūnaha paru hei pupuri i te taurite o te wai.
2. Whakaitihia te Wai Horoi Gypsum
- Whakawhāitihia te nui o te Cl⁻ gypsum ki tētahi awhe whaitake. Whakanuia te tango i te Cl⁻ i te wā whakamaroke wai mā te whakakapi i te paru ki te paru gypsum hou ina neke atu ngā taumata Cl⁻ i te 10,000 mg/L. Aroturukihia ngā taumata Cl⁻ paru ki tētahimita mātotoru ā-rotoā, me whakarerekē i te auau tukunga waipara kia rite ki tēnā.
3. Whakapakari i te Aroturukitanga o te Hauhā
- Whakamātauria auau te nui o te pūhaumāota paru, ka whakarerekē i ngā mahi i runga i ngā taumata whanariki waro, te hototahitanga o ngā rauemi, me ngā whakaritenga pūnaha.
4. Whakahaerehia te Matotoru o te Para me te pH
- Kia mau tonu te mātotoru o te paru i waenga i te 1080–1150 kg/m³ me te pH i waenga i te 5.4–5.8. Whakaitihia te pH i ia wā, i ia wā, hei whakapai ake i ngā tauhohenga i roto i te pū ngongo.
5. Me whakarite kia tika te mahi a ngā pūwhakaoho hiko
- Āraia te urunga o ngā matūriki puehu e mau ana i te kukū nui o te pūhaumāota ki roto i te mea mimiti, ki te kore ka rewa, ka kohikohi hoki ki roto i te paru.
Whakamutunga
Ko te nui rawa o ngā katote pūhaumāota e tohu ana i te koretake o te tukunga waipara, ka heke te pai o te tango pūhā me te kore taurite o te pūnaha. Ka taea e te whakahaere pūhaumāota whai hua te whakarei ake i te pumau me te whai hua o te pūnaha. Mō ngā otinga kua whakaritea, hei whakamātau rāneiMita Rona's me te tautoko patuiro mamao ngaio, whakapā mai ki a mātou mō tētahi kōrerorero kore utu mō ngā otinga ine i te mātotoru o te paru.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-21-2025
