Ntụle ntinye nke sọlfọric acid dị n'ime dị mkpa maka nnwale ịdị mma nke sọlfọric acid n'oge a na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta iheasịd sọlfọliknrụpụta. Na-enye data ntinye aka n'ime ahịrị na-aga n'ihu0.1Pasentị nke mgbanwe na njikwa ịdị ọcha nke acid, na-akwado njikwa usoro sulfuric acid siri ike n'ofe ụzọ mmepụta sulfuric acid niile. Ọgụgụ inline ozugbo na-ewepụ ntụpọ kpuru ìsì na nnwale aka ma mụbaa ọnụego mgbake ọla kọpa ruo 7% na hydrometallurgy ọla kọpa.
Ntụkwasị obi na usoro a na-aka mma ka usoro a na-agbanwe ozugbo iji gbanwee mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe oriri, na-ezere oke ọgwụ ma ọ bụ oke ọgwụ n'oge usoro mwepụta ọla kọpa. Nke a na-ebelata mmepụta ihe mkpofu acid ruo 12% ma na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ọrụ metụtara njikwa na mkpofu kemịkalụ. Nlekọta n'ime ụlọ na-egbochi mmebi akụrụngwa ma na-ebelata ihe egwu nke ntapu mmiri metụtara acid, nke na-echebe nchekwa ndị ọrụ ma na-ahụ na iwu kwadoro ya.
Nha nha nke sọlfọric acid dị n'ime inline ziri ezi na-eme ka ojiji ike dịkwuo mma ozugbo na usoro ịkụcha ọla kọpa, na-ebelata ntinye aka ebe ọ na-eme ka arụmọrụ mmeghachi omume na mmepụta ọla kọpa dịkwuo elu. Ngwa sulfuric acid ụlọ ọrụ dịka fatịlaịza na mmepụta batrị chọrọ ịdị ọcha acid 98% +, nke a na-eji mita inline eme ihe n'oge. Uru nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na-akwalite mmepụta sulfuric acid dị irè, nchekwa, na-adịgide adịgide na ọrụ ịkụcha ọla kọpa.
Ịmịpụta ọla kọpa
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Mmepụta Asịd Sulfuric na Ịmịpụta Ọla Kọpa
Mmepụta sọlfọliki acid nke oge a na-eji usoro kọntaktị eme ihe, nke e mere maka arụmọrụ na ịdị ọcha. A na-agba sọlfọli ọkụ n'ikuku kpọrọ nkụ, na-emepụta SO₂. A na-eme ka gas a dị ọcha ma na-agbaze ya na catalytic karịa vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) na 400–600 °C iji nye SO₃. SO₃ na-agbaze na sọlfọliki acid a chịkọtara, na-emepụta oleum, nke a na-agwakọta iji nweta ike asịd ezubere iche. Mgbanwe gafere 97%, ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa na-agafekarị 98% H₂SO₄.
Usoro nchacha ọla kọpa na-adabere na sulfuric acid dị ka ihe bụ isi kemịkalụ. N'usoro nchacha ọla kọpa, nchacha acid na-adịkarị site na 0.5–2.0 M, yana pH na-ejide na 1.5–2.0. Njikwa okpomọkụ dị oke mkpa, nke edobere n'etiti 25–55 °C iji mee ka ọla kọpa gbasaa nke ọma ma belata ihe ndị na-adịghị mma. Mita nchacha acid sulfuric nke a haziri nke ọma na-akwado njikwa usoro, na-ahụ na hydrometallurgy ọla kọpa dị irè ma na-ebelata ihe mkpofu. Ọnụego mgbake ọla kọpa a na-enweta ruru 90–93% maka ihe ndị na-enweghị carbonate, nke enyere aka site na nhazi usoro na nha nchacha acid sulfuric na-aga n'ihu.
Ihe ịma aka nke nha Inline Sulfuric Acid Concentration
Gburugburu usoro mmepụta sulfuric acid nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu. Akụkụ ndị e ji ihe mmetụta mee na-emebi ngwa ngwa, karịsịa karịa 70% sulfuric acid na okpomọkụ dị elu. Ọbụna ihe ndị e ji ihe mkpuchi titanium ma ọ bụ PTFE na-eche ihu na-agbawa ma na-agbawa site na ihe ndị na-adịghị mma, yana ndozi ma ọ bụ nnọchi mgbe niile. Nha nha inline ozugbo na-eche nsogbu ndị ọzọ ihu n'oge mgbanwe ngwa ngwa nke ntinye uche - nke a na-ahụkarị na usoro ịcha ọla kọpa - mgbe njupụta acid na ihe ngosi refractive na-agbanwe n'usoro na-abụghị nke kwụ ọtọ, karịsịa n'etiti 90-97% w/w. Ihe ize ndụ nke draft sensọ na lag na-efunahụ usoro.
Mkpokọta nke kemịkalụ iron sulfate, silica, ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa na-akpata mmụba ma ọ bụ mmebi na nyocha inline, na-ebelata izi ezi nke mgbaàmà. Mmebi mgbe niile na elu ihe mmetụta na-akwalite oge nhicha ma na-ebelata mmepụta na nnwale mma nke sọlfọric acid.
Mgbanwe okpomọkụ na nrụgide n'ime mmepụta sulfuric acid ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụhydrometallurgy nke ọla kọpana-emetụta nkwụsi ike nha ozugbo. Njupụta nke sọlfọ, viscosity, na ihe ngosi refractive niile dabere na okpomọkụ. Mita ntinye nke sọlfọric acid a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi chọrọ nhazi ziri ezi maka nkwụghachi okpomọkụ n'ofe ọnọdụ usoro ike. Nnwale aka maka njikwa usoro sọlfọric acid na-eme ka ihe egwu ikpughe onye ọrụ dịkwuo elu ma na-egbu oge mgbanwe usoro dị mkpa.
Mbelata mkpokọta ọla kọpa
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Uru nke mita ntinye uche Lonnmeter
Njupụta nke Lonnmeter na mita ntinye na-enye mmepụta ozugbo maka nha mkpokọta acid sulfuric, na-enye ohere ijikwa usoro sulfuric acid ozugbo na mmepụta sulfuric acid ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na usoro ịcha ọla kọpa. Izi ezi ruru ±0.1% na ntinye, na-ewepụ nlele aka na kọntaktị ozugbo na onye ọrụ na asịd dị ize ndụ. Nke a na-ebelata ihe egwu ikpughe ma na-emezu ụkpụrụ nchekwa ngwa sulfuric acid ụlọ ọrụ siri ike.
Ngwá ọrụ ígwè siri ike, nke na-anaghị emebi emebi—dịka ihe mkpuchi PTFE na ihe ndị mejupụtara Hastelloy—na-eme ka a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi ma na-adịte aka n'ọrụ ngwaọrụ, ọbụlagodi na kemịkalụ na-agbaze ọla kọpa ma na-emetụ iyi acid dị n'ime ya aka. Ntinye n'ime ụlọ na-ebelata oge mmezi site na ihe karịrị 60% ma e jiri ya tụnyere nnwale ụlọ nyocha oge niile, na-ebelata oge ọrụ na-akwụsị ma na-amụba ihe egwu.
Mita Lonnmeter na-enye ohere ka e jiri sulfuric acid mee ihe maka hydrometallurgy ọla kọpa, na-eme ka ọkwa ntinye dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata mgbanwe usoro. Nlekota akpaaka, nke na-enweghị ndọpụ na-akwado ngwakọta acid na-aga n'ihu, evaporation a na-achịkwa, na nnwale mma sulfuric acid kpọmkwem na usoro mmepụta sulfuric acid. Data oge na-aga n'ihu na-eme ka sulfuric dị mfe.ihe nlele mkpokọta asịdusoro nhazi maka ụzọ mmepụta sulfuric acid a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, nke a na-emegharị ugboro ugboro.
Ngwa na Njikọta Ụlọ Ọrụ
Ntụle ntinye nke sọlfọric acid n'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-akwado njikwa usoro na-aga n'ihu na mmepụta sọlfọric acid ụlọ ọrụ maka ngalaba fatịlaịza, batrị, na kemịkalụ. Na mmepụta fatịlaịza, ihe karịrị 60% nke mmepụta sọlfọric acid zuru ụwa ọnụ na-akwalite mmepụta phosphoric acid na imepụta fatịlaịza phosphate. Mita ntinye nke inline na-egosi ịdị ọcha asịd ≥98%, na-echebe arụmọrụ mmeghachi omume na ịdị mma ngwaahịa dị ala.
Imepụta batrị Lead-acid chọrọ oke njupụta sulfuric acid siri ike (1.285–1.300 g/cm³); mita njupụta inline na-ahụ na nkọwapụta electrolyte ma na-eme ngwa ngwa nnwale mma sulfuric acid. Usoro imegharị batrị na mgbake ígwè dabere na nha ntinye inline ziri ezi maka ịchacha ígwè nke ọma na mbelata mfu kemịkalụ.
Usoro nchacha ọla kọpa maka hydrometallurgy na-eji mita inline sulfuric acid concentration miti iji chịkwaa dose nke acid - na-eme ka mwepụta ọla kọpa nke ọma, na-ebelata oriri acid, na-ejikwa copper eme ihe. Njikọta usoro akpaghị aka na Lonnmeter inline concentration, njupụta, na okpomọkụ na-eme ka ụzọ mmepụta sulfuric acid kwụsie ike, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ịkpụcha na mgbanwe na-aga n'ihu.
A na-eji mita Lonnmeter nyochaa kemịkalụ ndị na-amịpụta ihe, na-ebelata ihe egwu nke ndị ọrụ. Usoro nhazi mita sulfuric acid na-eme ka a mata na a pụrụ ịtụkwasị ya obi n'ihe niile a na-eme na ngwa sulfuric acid ụlọ ọrụ.
Rịọ maka Ntụnye/Ngalaba Kpọtụrụ
Mee ka usoro nhazi nke sọlfọric acid dị mma n'ịmepụta sọlfọric acid n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na iji ngwa Lonnmeter dị n'ime. Dee paramita usoro mmepụta sọlfọric acid gị, ọnọdụ usoro mwepụta sọlfọric, na oke nha nha sọlfọric acid. Kpọtụrụ Lonnmeter maka ndụmọdụ teknụzụ wee nweta ọnụahịa ahaziri ahazi maka njikwa usoro sọlfọric acid gị na ihe achọrọ maka ịtọhapụ sọlfọ ahụ.
Oge ozi: Jenụwarị-22-2026
