Cov txheej txheem cumene tswj hwm kev sib koom ua ke thoob ntiaj teb phenol-acetone, tab sis nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyuaj thiab cov kauj ruam distillation xav tau kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab tsis tuaj yeem sib tham tau ntawm no: nws tam sim ntawd taug qab cov kua dej sib xyaw thoob plaws kev sib cais nyoos, acetone purification, thiab phenol refining theem, ua rau pom sai ntawm kev hloov pauv impurity lossis cov txheej txheem anomalies. Cov ntaub ntawv no ncaj qha coj cov kev hloov kho distillation parameter, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom purity ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam, thiab txo cov kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb xws li tower coking lossis tsis ruaj khov hydroperoxide decomposition - sau qhov sib txawv uas offline sampling, nrog nws cov kev ncua thiab kev pheej hmoo drift, tsis tuaj yeem daws tau.
Kev Txheeb Xyuas Txog Cov Txheej Txheem Cumene rau Phenol thiab Acetone Production
Cov txheej txheem tsim cumene, feem ntau hu ua Hock txheej txheem, yog txoj hauv kev lag luam tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov phenol thiab acetone los ntawm benzene thiab propylene. Nws muaj peb theem tseem ceeb: alkylation ntawm benzene los ua cumene, oxidation ntawm cumene rau cumene hydroperoxide, thiab acid-catalyzed decomposition ntawm cov hydroperoxide no los ua phenol thiab acetone.
Thaum pib, benzene teb nrog propylene nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej acidic - feem ntau siv cov tshuaj catalysts niaj hnub zeolite - los tsim cumene. Kev xaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv theem no; cov txheej txheem txheej txheem xws li kub thiab benzene-rau-propylene piv yog tswj hwm nruj kom tiv thaiv cov polyalkylation tsis xav tau. Kev xaiv siab ntawm cov tshuaj catalysts niaj hnub no txo cov khib nyiab thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb hauv huab cua kev cai lij choj niaj hnub no.
Cumene cog
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Kev oxidation ntawm cumene yog ua nrog huab cua, tsim cumene hydroperoxide los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov nruab nrab no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem tab sis ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj heev. Cumene hydroperoxide yog qhov yooj yim rau exothermic thiab tej zaum yuav tawg decomposition nyob rau hauv suboptimal kub tswj, yog li ntawd xav tau kev tiv thaiv engineering zoo thoob plaws hauv thaj chaw khaws cia thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov hydroperoxide ces dhau los ntawm acid-catalyzed cleavage—feem ntau yog los ntawm sulfuric acid—ua rau tib lub sijhawm tsim cov phenol thiab acetone hauv qhov sib piv 1:1 molar. Qhov sib piv no txhais tau tias kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem, vim tias kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev thov lossis tus nqi lag luam ntawm ib yam khoom tsis zam tsis tau cuam tshuam rau kev muaj sia nyob ntawm lwm yam. Phenol thiab acetone raug tsim ua ke hauv ntau lab tons hauv ib xyoos, nrog rau cov txheej txheem cumene suav txog kwv yees li 95% ntawm kev tsim cov phenol thoob ntiaj teb txij li xyoo 2023. Cov khoom lag luam, xws li alpha-methylstyrene, raug rov ua dua tshiab rau hauv lub kaw lus, ua kom cov khoom siv tau zoo dua.
Kev xaiv ntawm cumene hydroperoxide ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si cov txheej txheem chemistry thiab cov khoom siv. Nws txoj kev tswj hwm decomposition yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txiaj ntsig siab thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txheej txheem. Hydroperoxide decomposition catalysts thiab kev tsim kho reactor zoo tshaj plaws tau ua kom cov nqi hloov pauv ntse dua thaum tswj hwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab txaus ntshai. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kem distillation nyoos thiab cov chav ntxuav acetone ntxiv qhia txog kev txawj ntse ntawm cov txheej txheem distillation kev lag luam uas koom ua ke hauv qab ntawm lub voj voog tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug. Cov kev sib cais no yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev tsim cov kem distillation thiab cov tswv yim ua haujlwm kom txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem ntxuav ketone uas ua tau raws li cov cai qib khoom.
Cov txheej txheem cumene nthuav tawm ntau yam kev sib tw ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb rau nws cov tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm cov no yog kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv radical, kev tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm hydroperoxide, thiab kev tswj hwm cov pa phem lossis cov tshuaj lom hauv cov chaw ib puag ncig. Kev teeb tsa hauv kev lag luam xav tau cov reactors tshwj xeeb, kev saib xyuas siab heev, thiab cov txheej txheem thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev vim yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm cumene hydroperoxide thiab qhov kub hnyiab ntawm cov txheej txheem ntws. Txawm tias nrog cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no thiab kev tswj hwm tsim qauv, qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas mus li, kev cob qhia tus neeg teb xov tooj, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus rau lwm txoj hauv kev tsim cov phenol, cov txheej txheem cumene lub peev xwm los sib koom ua ke tsim cov phenol thiab acetone uas muaj kev ntshiab siab nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab rov qab ua kom nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus qauv kev lag luam. Nws qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua lag luam, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev tsim cov txheej txheem tsim cov lag luam phenol thiab acetone thoob ntiaj teb txog niaj hnub no.
Txoj Kev Tswj thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas ntawm Cumene Hydroperoxide Decomposition
Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Thermal Decomposition
Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke ntawm phenol-acetone. Nws qhov kev lwj ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cumene mus rau phenol thiab acetone, ob hom tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev thov ntau. Lub tshuab lwj ua pib nrog homolytic cleavage ntawm O-O bond hauv CHP, tsim cov cumyloxy radicals. Cov radicals no sai sai dhau los ntawm β-scission, tsim cov acetone thiab phenol, cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene.
Cov kinetics ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov nyuaj thiab tsis zoo li tus cwj pwm yooj yim thawj zaug. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thiab cov qauv kinetic integral (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa thiab Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) qhia txog lub zog ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm ~ 122 kJ / mol, nrog rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ze li ntawm 0.5, qhia txog cov txheej txheem sib xyaw. Txoj kev suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saw hlau uas muaj cumyl peroxy thiab cumyloxy radicals, uas tej zaum yuav teb ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam xws li acetophenone, α-methylstyrene, thiab methane.
Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm, suav nrog qhov kub thiab txias, siab, thiab CHP concentration, ua rau muaj kev xaiv thiab cov txiaj ntsig hauv acetone thiab phenol ntau lawm. Qhov kub siab ua rau cov tshuaj pib hloov pauv sai dua, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tag nrho tab sis muaj peev xwm txo qis kev xaiv los ntawm kev nyiam cov tshuaj sib tw. Ntawm qhov tod tes, siab nruab nrab thiab CHP concentration zoo tshaj plaws txhawb nqa phenol thiab acetone tsim thaum txwv tsis pub tsim cov khoom seem. Kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem - siv kev tswj cua sov kom raug - tseem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo phenol thiab acetone tsim khoom, nrog rau kev saib xyuas tiag tiag ntawm cov ntsuas ceev inline, xws li cov uas tsim los ntawm Lonnmeter, muab cov lus teb txhim khu kev qha thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom cumene.
Cov Catalysts thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tshuaj
Kev rhuav tshem cov tshuaj catalytic ua rau ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene. Cov tshuaj catalysts xws li sodium hydroxide (NaOH) txo qis qhov kub thiab lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm CHP, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv sai dua tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov tshuaj acidic, suav nrog sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), kuj ua rau kev rhuav tshem sai dua, txawm tias los ntawm ntau txoj kev sib txawv, feem ntau hloov pauv lub neej radical thiab cuam tshuam rau cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov khoom lag luam.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj catalyst ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi, txo qis ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm. Rau kev tsim cov phenol thiab acetone, cov khoom tswj hwm ntawm NaOH feem ntau nyiam hauv kev lag luam, vim tias lawv ua rau CHP decomposition zoo thiab pab txhawb kev xaiv siab rau cov khoom xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj catalyst ntau dhau tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev sib kis tsis tswj hwm, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev khiav tawm thermal thiab cov khoom lag luam uas muaj kev phom sij, xws li α-methylstyrene thiab acetophenone. Kev siv tshuaj catalyst kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab sib xws, nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem raug, yog li ntawd qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev rhuav tshem cumene hydroperoxide.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb hauv Kev Ua Phem
CHP tsis ruaj khov thaum kub thiab muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo thaum tuav thiab lwj. Cov no suav nrog nws qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv sai sai, muaj kev cuam tshuam rau catalytic khiav tawm, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua qias tuaj thiab cov chaw kub hauv zos. Yog tsis tswj hwm, CHP lwj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke ntawm lub siab, cov khoom siv tawg, thiab cov pa phem.
Kev tswj kom lub kaw lus ruaj khov siv ntau yam kev coj ua tseem ceeb. Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas hauv kab, xws li Lonnmeter inline density meters, muab kev nkag siab tiag tiag rau cov qauv concentration thiab cov txheej txheem thermal, kom ntseeg tau tias pom cov xwm txheej tsis zoo raws sijhawm. Cov txheej txheem kaw txwv tsis pub muaj kev raug thiab kev ua qias tuaj. Kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm CHP, kev siv cov huab cua inert (xws li nitrogen), thiab kev zam kev siv catalyst ntau dhau txo qhov yuav muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Kev ntsuas calorimetric predictive (siv adiabatic calorimetry) yog siv dav los kwv yees qhov pib ntawm kev lwj hauv qab cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab kho cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev.
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev sib cais thiab cov tshuab ua pa kom tswj tau qhov siab nce siab, thaum cov tswj kub thiab cov interlocks txo qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom kub dhau. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decomposition feem ntau ua tiav hauv qab kev tswj hwm tas mus li, hauv cov reactors tsim los rau kev tshem tawm cua sov sai. Cov kev ntsuas no ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev rhuav tshem thermal ntawm CHP - qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim acetone thiab phenol - tseem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv cov txheej txheem cumene dav dua.
Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem hauv Cumene Manufacturing Process
Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv thiab Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Zoo
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cua sov yog ib txoj kev siv tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cumene rau kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom sov. Los ntawm kev rov qab siv dua thiab rov siv dua lub zog cua sov los ntawm cov kwj deg kub siab, cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem ua kom sov ua ntej, txo kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud, thiab txo cov nuj nqis ua haujlwm. Cov tswv yim sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cua sov feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim thiab kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib pauv cua sov (HENs), coj los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas pinch kom sib phim cov kab sib xyaw kub thiab txias rau qhov kub rov qab tau siab tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li, kev sib phim cov haujlwm cua sov reboiler thiab condenser hauv cov ntu distillation thiab preheat tuaj yeem paub txog kev txuag hluav taws xob ntau thiab txo cov pa roj av uas tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov pa dej. Cov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no hauv kev lag luam tau tshaj tawm txog kev txo cov nqi hluav taws xob txog li 25%, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha hauv cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab kev ua raws li ib puag ncig.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua yog kev siv rov qab pub. Hauv cov txheej txheem cumene, kev hloov pauv tag nrho ntawm benzene thiab propylene tsis tshua ua tiav hauv ib qho reactor dhau. Los ntawm kev siv rov qab benzene thiab cumene uas tsis tau ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv reactant zoo dua thiab siv cov peev txheej catalyst zoo dua. Txoj hauv kev no tsis yog tsuas yog txo qis cov khoom siv raw poob xwb tab sis kuj pab txhawb rau cov qoob loo ntau dua. Kev tsim cov voj voog rov ua dua tshiab zoo xav txog kev txo qis kev poob siab, kev saib xyuas cov khoom sib xyaw tiag tiag, thiab kev sib npaug ntawm cov dej ntws. Kev tswj hwm rov ua dua tshiab zoo dua kuj txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm catalyst fouling thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej voj voog catalyst, txo ob qho tib si downtime thiab cov nqi hloov catalyst.
Cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas Exergy xws li Aspen Plus thiab MATLAB ua rau muaj kev ntsuam xyuas thermodynamic ntxaws ntxaws ntawm txhua qhov chaw cog qoob loo. Cov kev tshawb fawb lees paub tias qhov kev poob exergy loj tshaj plaws - thiab yog li ntawd muaj peev xwm txhim kho - yog nyob rau hauv cov chav distillation thiab sib cais kub siab. Yog li ntawd, kev tsom mus rau ntau yam, kev simulation-tsav ntawm cov ntu no yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum nrhiav kev ua kom zoo dua cov zog ntws thiab txo qis kev tsis rov qab los thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov nroj tsuag.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub reactor thiab distillation column
Kev txhim kho qhov loj thiab tsim ntawm lub reactor yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev sib npaug ntawm cov nqi peev nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov ntim ntawm lub reactor, lub sijhawm nyob, thiab kev thauj khoom catalyst yuav tsum tau kho kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev hloov pauv ib zaug siab yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob siab ntau dhau lossis kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, kev nce lub cheeb ntawm lub reactor tuaj yeem txo qhov poob siab tab sis yuav ua rau kev sib xyaw tsis zoo, thaum cov reactors ntev dua txhim kho kev hloov pauv mus txog rau qhov txo qis rov qab vim yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev tsim cov khoom seem.
Rau cov kem distillation downstream, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov distillation nyoos, kev kho kom zoo ntawm qhov piv reflux, qhov chaw pub, qhov chaw ntawm lub tais, thiab lub siab ntawm kem ua rau muaj kev sib cais ntawm cumene los ntawm cov benzene tsis muaj zog, polyisopropylbenzene, thiab lwm yam khoom sib koom ua ke. Kev teeb tsa distillation zoo tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cumene rov qab los xwb tab sis kuj txo qhov hnyav ntawm reboilers thiab condensers, txhais lus ncaj qha rau kev txo nqi zog. Kev siv cov tub rau khoom sab lossis cov qauv faib pub tuaj yeem txhim kho kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ze xws li acetone thiab cumene, txhawb nqa kev tsim cov phenol thiab acetone uas muaj kev ntshiab siab uas xav tau los ntawm kev lag luam phenol thiab acetone.
Ib daim duab qhia txog lub zog ntawm cov kav dej distillation tau qhia hauv qab no, qhia txog lub zog nkag ntawm lub reboiler thiab cov hluav taws xob tawm ntawm lub condenser, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm sab cua sov rov qab los txo qhov kev xav tau tag nrho ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov thiab txias.
Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab hauv Kev Tsim Reactor
Cov tswv yim tshiab ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog dua tshiab yog kev hloov kho cov thev naus laus zis cumene reactor. Kev siv cov microbubble thiab miniaturized reactor systems ua rau muaj kev sib cuag ntawm cov reactants, ua tiav kev hloov pauv sai dua thiab kev xaiv siab dua. Cov qauv reactor tsis zoo no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm nyob qis dua thaum tswj lossis dhau cov hom phiaj hloov pauv, yog li txiav cov zog xav tau rau ib chav ntawm cov khoom synthesized.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob me me muab kev tswj hwm zoo dua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nce siab thiab txo cov khoom hnyav uas tuaj yeem lom cov catalysts lossis ua rau kev sib cais hauv qab dej nyuaj. Qhov no txhim kho kev nyab xeeb - los ntawm kev txo cov chaw kub thiab kev nce siab - thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm kev txo cov pa phem, cov cua sov pov tseg, thiab kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuab hluav taws xob me me ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm, cov qauv cog modular, pheej yig kom phim qhov kev thov ntawm kev lag luam rau kev tsim phenol thiab acetone.
Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no tab tom tsim kom muaj tus qauv tshiab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm reactor thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv cumene oxidation thiab hydroperoxide decomposition, ua kom zoo dua phenol-acetone co-production thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv kev huv huv ntawm cov khoom uas xav tau hauv cov txheej txheem ntxuav acetone thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav ketone.
Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem txhim kho cov txheej txheem no, cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov sib npaug zoo dua ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob zoo, kev siv cov nroj tsuag, cov hom phiaj huv si, thiab kev ruaj khov yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Tom Qab: Kev Sib Cais Phenol thiab Acetone
Kev sib cais phenol thiab acetone tom qab cumene hydroperoxide decomposition xav tau ib qho kev sib law liag ntawm cov kauj ruam distillation thiab purification. Kev tswj hwm lub zog thiab cov khoom rov qab zoo ua rau cov txheej txheem tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim phenol thiab acetone loj.
Kev Sib Cais Khoom
Qhov seem downstream pib nrog kev kho cov khoom tawm ntawm lub reactor nyoos, uas muaj phenol, acetone, dej, α-methylstyrene, cumene, benzene, thiab lwm yam khoom me me. Thaum tawm hauv lub reactor, cov khoom sib tov raug neutralized thiab kev sib cais theem yog ua yog tias muaj dej ntau.
Qhov kev sib cais thawj zaug yog kev tshem tawm acetone. Vim acetone lub ntsiab lus kub qis (56 ° C), nws feem ntau yog distilled overhead los ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov organic theem kub siab dua. Qhov no ua tiav hauv lub kem distillation nyoos, qhov twg acetone, dej, thiab cov khoom tsis huv mus rau saum taub hau, thiab phenol nrog cov tshuaj hnyav dua tseem yog cov khoom hauv qab. Cov acetone overhead tseem yuav muaj dej thiab cov cim ntawm lwm qhov kawg teeb, yog li nws yuav dhau los ua kom qhuav thiab ua kom zoo dua - los ntawm azeotropic lossis extractive distillation yog tias xav tau kev ntshiab siab heev - txawm hais tias kev distillation ib txwm muaj txaus hauv feem ntau cov lag luam.
Cov phenol uas muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov kem distillation no raug ntxuav ntxiv rau hauv cov kem distillation. Thawj zaug tshem tawm cov teeb ci xws li cov acetone seem, benzene, thiab cov pa roj uas yaj. Cov kem phenol tom ntej no muab qhov kev sib cais tseem ceeb, ua rau cov phenol ntshiab thiab cais cov khoom seem uas kub heev ntawm hauv qab kem. Hauv feem ntau cov qauv, cov khoom seem muaj nqis xws li α-methylstyrene kuj tseem rov qab tau los ntawm kev rub sab lossis cov kauj ruam distillation tom qab. Cov kem no raug ua haujlwm ntawm qhov siab thiab cov sijhawm kub kom ua kom zoo tshaj plaws kev sib cais thiab txo cov khoom poob.
Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Distillation Column thiab Crude Distillation Column
Cov kem distillation yog qhov tseem ceeb rau acetone thiab phenol purification. Lawv txoj kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov purity, yield, thiab kev siv zog hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cumene.
Rau kev tshem tawm acetone, lub kem distillation nyoos yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais zoo vim qhov sib txawv ntawm acetone thiab phenol. Cov kem siab nrog cov tais ua haujlwm zoo lossis cov khoom ntim khoom ua haujlwm siab raug siv. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub zog yog qhov tseem ceeb; cua sov los ntawm cov pa saum toj kawg nkaus tuaj yeem ua kom sov ua ntej pub lossis rov qab tau hauv cov voj voog reboiler, txo tag nrho kev siv zog raws li pov thawj los ntawm kev tshawb fawb simulation qhia txog 15% kev txo qis hauv kev siv zog tshwj xeeb tom qab siv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cua sov hauv cov nroj tsuag loj ([Chemical Engineering Progress, 2022]).
Cov teeb meem ua haujlwm suav nrog kev tsim azeotrope, feem ntau ntawm acetone thiab dej. Txawm hais tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib cais tag nrho, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nplai kev lag luam feem ntau nyiam kev kho kom zoo. Kev tswj siab yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj acetone vapor poob thiab tswj cov thermodynamic tsav tsheb. Kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ob sab saum toj thiab hauv qab ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cua sov.
Kev ua kom phenol tsis kub dhau thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau oxidation txhais tau tias sab hauv ntawm cov kem yuav tsum tiv taus xeb, feem ntau siv cov hlau tshwj xeeb. Lub zog ntawm kem tau kho kom sib npaug ntawm tus nqi zog thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev lwj. Cov khoom uas yooj yim rau thermal polymerization, xws li α-methylstyrene, raug tshem tawm sai sai thiab txias kom txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab.
Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv ntsuas inline—xws li Lonnmeter inline density thiab viscosity meters—tau siv tas li los kho qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kem, kom ntseeg tau tias cov hom phiaj purity thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm kem tau ua tiav tas li.
Kev koom ua ke nrog Hydroperoxide Decomposition thiab Khoom Rov Qab Los
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov chav ua haujlwm decomposition, kev sib cais, thiab kev ntxuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem cumene. Cov dej khib nyiab uas ua rau muaj kev sib cais mus rau qhov sib cais hauv qab. Kev hloov pauv sai sai txo cov kev tsis haum tshuaj lossis kev ua polymerization uas tsis xav tau.
Txhua kauj ruam kev sib cais yog txuas nrog rau kauj ruam tom ntej. Cov acetone saum toj kawg nkaus tau sai sai thiab sau los tiv thaiv kev poob dej tsis zoo. Cov dej ntws Phenol thiab cov khoom sib koom ua ke pub rau hauv lawv cov kauj ruam kev ntxuav. Qhov twg cov khoom muaj nqis tau rov qab los, lawv cov dej ntws tawm tau kos tom qab cov theem ntxaws ntxaws thiab kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom sib xyaw.
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw (acetone/dej) thiab cov khoom sib xyaw hnyav dua (cumene, tars uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom). Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm ntau theem sib npaug ntawm cov pa dej thiab kua dej hauv cov kem thiab kev siv cov kwj dej rov qab los. Cov kav dej thiab cov hlab dej tau tsim los kom txo qhov kev tuav thiab kev luv luv.
Cov nqi rov qab los rau ob qho tib si acetone thiab phenol tshaj 97% hauv cov nroj tsuag zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau kev poob feem ntau tsuas yog rau cov dej ntws tsis zam thiab cov dej ntws tsis pom tseeb. Cov dej khib nyiab tsim tawm thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem, uas muaj cov organic uas yaj, raug khaws cia cais thiab xa mus rau cov txheej txheem kho mob siab heev kom ua tau raws li cov cai.
Kev koom ua ke zoo vam khom kev saib xyuas tas mus li ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb: kev nyeem ntawv ceev thiab viscosity los ntawm cov ntsuas inline zoo li cov los ntawm Lonnmeter txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom huv si hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm cov lus teb rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm.
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem zoo hauv kev tsim cov phenol-acetone yog nyob ntawm cov kab ke sib cais zoo, kev rho tawm kom zoo tshaj plaws, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev ntxuav, thiab kev saib xyuas tas mus li, txhawb nqa ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab cov khoom zoo.
Cov Txuj Ci Siab Tshaj Plaws rau Kev Ua Kom Acetone Huv Si
Kev ntxuav cov acetone tom qab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm phenol-acetone los ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene yog tsim los ntawm cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm cov khoom. Kev xaiv txoj kev ntxuav acetone kom raug yog nyob ntawm qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev ntxuav huv ntawm daim ntawv thov zaum kawg, cov kev txwv ntawm kev cai lij choj, thiab cov qauv tsis huv uas tsim thaum lub sijhawm cumene hydroperoxide decomposition thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv upstream.
Cov Ntsiab Cai Tseem Ceeb hauv Kev Ua Kom Acetone Huv Si
Cov acetone nyoos los ntawm cumene oxidation muaj ntau cov dej, phenol, α-methylstyrene, cumene, acetophenone, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, thiab lwm yam oxygenated organics. Downstream purification tsom mus rau cov impurities no rau kev tshem tawm. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog staged distillation:
- Cov kem pib tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv hnyav thiab kub heev—feem ntau yog phenol, α-methylstyrene, acetophenone, thiab cov tshuaj uas ua rau tar—los ntawm kev rho tawm hauv qab. Qhov feem nruab nrab muaj cov acetone-water azeotrope, thaum cov qhov kawg sib dua (zoo li cumene tsis muaj tshuaj) tuaj yeem faib ua feem saum toj ntawm cov ntu tom ntej.
Kev ua kom dej ntws tawm los ntawm cov kua qaub (azeotropic distillation) feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev faib cov acetone-dej sib xyaw ua ke uas nyuaj, siv cov hydrocarbon entrainer los cuam tshuam cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov kua qaub thiab ua kom cov acetone huv si. Qhov twg cov khoom tsis huv muaj cov ntsiab lus npau npau zoo sib xws, kev rho tawm cov kua qaub - nrog glycols lossis cov kuab tshuaj uas tsim tshwj xeeb - raug xa mus. Ntawm no, cov khoom ntxiv hloov pauv cov volatilities sib piv, pab txhawb kev sib cais zoo ntawm cov organic sib ze thiab ua kom cov acetone ntau tshaj plaws.
Dhau ntawm kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide, cov kauj ruam ntxuav kom huv si yuav tshem tawm cov phenol thiab cov tshuaj polar uas seem. Cov roj carbon uas ua kom muaj zog, silica gel, thiab cov ion-exchange residues zoo heev rau lub luag haujlwm no ntawm lossis tom qab theem column. Yog tias muaj cov organic acidic, cov txheej txheem no yuav suav nrog kev ua kom cov caustic soda tsis muaj zog ua raws li kev ntxuav dej kom tshem tawm cov ntsev thiab cov kua qaub ua ntej kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide kawg.
Cov acetone uas muaj purity siab (≥99.5 wt% rau feem ntau ntawm cov kev xav tau hauv kev lag luam lossis chav kuaj mob) feem ntau dhau los ntawm kauj ruam "polishing" kawg uas ua ke nrog kev lim dej zoo thiab kev nqus dej siab heev kom ntseeg tau tias cov lus qhia rau dej (<0.3 wt%), phenol (<10 ppm), cov tshuaj tsw qab hnyav (<100 ppm), thiab tag nrho cov khoom tsis volatile (<20 ppm). Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov tshuaj acetone.
Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev daws teeb meem hauv Distillation
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem distillation acetone nyob ntawm kev tsim cov kem distillation kom raug thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Cov kem fractionating raug ntsuas qhov loj thiab ua haujlwm los txhawb kev hloov pauv loj thiab kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ua kom ob qho tib si purity thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws:
- Cov kem siab nrog cov tais ntau lossis cov khoom ntim khoom ua haujlwm zoo ua kom muaj kev sib cais ntse dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov twg acetone-dej lossis acetone-cumene boiling points ze.
- Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov cua sov ntawm cov reboilers thiab condenser (piv txwv li, los ntawm kev rov ua kom cov pa dej rov qab los yog cov khoom sib pauv cua sov) txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom qhov kub thiab txias ruaj khov, uas txhawb nqa kev sib cais tas mus li.
- Kev kho kom zoo ntawm qhov piv ntawm cov kua rov qab los thiab cov nqi ntawm cov khoom rho tawm, ua raws li kev saib xyuas hauv kab ntawm qhov ceev thiab cov khoom sib xyaw (nrog cov cuab yeej xws li Lonnmeter inline density meters), ua rau muaj kev hloov kho sai thiab kev tsom mus rau cov khoom kom raug, kom ntseeg tau tias txhua pawg ua tau raws li cov qauv kev huv huv nruj.
Cov teeb meem nquag ntawm kev distillation suav nrog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov kem, kev ua npuas dej, thiab cov khoom seem sib sau ua ke:
Yog tias cov dej ntws ntau dhau, qhov dej ntws yuav ntws mus rau saum toj es tsis yog nqes mus rau hauv qab, ua rau kev sib cais ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Kev kho qhov no yuav tsum tau txo qhov ua haujlwm lossis kho qhov sib piv ntawm cov dej ntws rov qab. Kev ua npuas dej yog los ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov pa dej siab lossis los ntawm qhov muaj cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw (piv txwv li, tars lossis phenol traces). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua npuas dej, kev tshuaj xyuas cov dej ntws kom zoo, thiab kev nkag mus rau hauv cov dej ntws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ua npuas dej tas mus li.
Cov khoom seem uas sib sau ua ke, feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov tais qis tshaj plaws lossis lub tshuab ua kom rov ua dua tshiab ntawm chav distillation, yog los ntawm cov khoom oligomerization lossis tar. Kev rho tawm cov khoom hauv qab tsis tu ncua, kev ntxuav tsis tu ncua, thiab kev ua kom qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv qhov txwv txo qhov kev tsim tar thiab ua kom lub kem ntev.
Thaum cais cov azeotropes lossis tswj cov khoom tsis huv uas kub heev, cov tais ib txwm yuav raug hloov nrog cov khoom ntim khoom zoo. Cov qauv kub thiab siab raws li kem raug tswj hwm hauv cov qhov rai nqaim. Cov cuab yeej siv tsis siv neeg—xws li kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab txuas ntxiv—ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov khoom tsis raws li qhov xav tau sai thiab teb rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag, ua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Daim duab qhia yooj yim uas qhia txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm acetone thiab kev ntxuav kom huv rau kev tsim cov phenol thiab acetone (tus kheej kos duab raws li kev coj ua tus qauv)
Cov txiaj ntsig ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxuav acetone siab heev no ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tuav cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom cumene, kev ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam acetone thiab phenol, thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev ruaj khov
Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom cumene, kev sib txuas cov txheej txheem tsim, catalysis, thiab kev xaiv sib cais kom zoo rau kev siv cov peev txheej yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke ua ke cov tshuaj tiv thaiv engineering, kev siv tshuab sib cais, thiab kev rov qab siv zog kom ua kom tau txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thiab txo cov khib nyiab ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke phenol-acetone. Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem catalytic siab heev, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid khov kho (suav nrog zeolites thiab heteropolyacids), cov neeg ua haujlwm ua tiav kev xaiv siab dua hauv kev rhuav tshem cumene hydroperoxide, txo cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom xws li α-methylstyrene thiab acetophenone. Qhov kev xaiv no tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem xwb tab sis kuj txhawb nqa kev ruaj khov los ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab.
Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj catalysts hydroperoxide decomposition, kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem catalytic hybrid, uas ua ke cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob qho tib si homogeneous thiab heterogeneous catalysis, tau txais kev rub vim lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm yooj ywm thiab lub neej catalyst ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim catalyst yuav tsum sib haum xeeb kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev ruaj khov tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li coking thiab lom los ntawm cov khoom tsis huv, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj tsawg kawg nkaus catalyst turnover thiab ib puag ncig load los ntawm kev siv catalyst pov tseg. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab catalyst txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev siv cov peev txheej zoo, txo cov khoom siv raw poob thiab txo cov kev xav tau siv.
Kev koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav acetone thiab cov txheej txheem distillation acetone, tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua kom zoo dua qub hauv kev lag luam. Kev siv cov qauv tsim cov kem distillation siab heev—xws li kev faib cov kem phab ntsa—thiab kev sib cais raws li daim nyias nyias txuag hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, kev faib cov kem phab ntsa ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kem distillation nyoos yooj yim dua, ua rau muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob txog li 25% piv rau cov teeb tsa ntau kem ib txwm muaj, thaum tseem tso qhov chaw cog khoom dawb. Ntxiv mus, cov tswv yim sib xyaw ua ke kub zoo heev, coj los ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li kev tshuaj xyuas pinch, tau ua pov thawj tias kev siv pa taws tsawg dua 20%, raws li tau pom tseeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg txog kev txhim kho qhov chaw tsim khoom phenol thiab acetone. Cov kev ntsuas no txhais tau tias cov pa roj av qis dua thiab txo qis kev vam khom rau cov pa taws los ntawm cov roj fossil.
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm dej thiab cua sov ua rau muaj kev siv cov peev txheej zoo dua hauv cov txheej txheem cumene oxidation thiab cov kauj ruam sib cais tom qab. Cov txheej txheem rov siv dua Cascade thiab cov cheeb tsam quenching uas tau teeb tsa zoo tuaj yeem txo cov dej khib nyiab tawm mus txog 40%, daws ob qho tib si qhov ntim thiab qhov muaj kuab paug ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws li cov kev cai tswjfwm uas hloov pauv hauv cov lag luam phenol thiab acetone loj, qhov twg kev txwv rau kev tso dej khib nyiab thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide nruj dua.
Kev txiav txim siab txog kev cai lij choj thiab ib puag ncig yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus sib koom ua ke ntawm phenol-acetone siv cov txheej txheem cumene. Kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov khoom phom sij - xws li cumene hydroperoxide - yuam kom muaj kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem kom raug thiab kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb tiag tiag thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Cov kev cai lij choj ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv North American thiab European jurisdictions, ua kom muaj kev xav tau rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, kev tswj hwm pa phem, thiab kev siv cov kuab tshuaj / cua sov rov ua dua tshiab. Cov tswv yim ua raws li kev cai lij choj tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem theem thaum ntxov, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem qhov hnyav thiab kev tshuaj xyuas lub neej voj voog uas ncaj qha hloov kho cov qauv cog thiab kev xaiv thev naus laus zis.
Kev saib xyuas tiag tiag thiab kev ua kom cov txheej txheem zoo dua yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua thiab txo qhov kev poob ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tsis zam tau. Piv txwv li, cov ntsuas qhov ceev thiab cov ntsuas viscosity los ntawm Lonnmeter ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm tas mus li ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev sib cais thoob plaws hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau tsim acetone thiab phenol. Los ntawm kev taug qab cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam, cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem kho cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb - xws li cov piv txwv reflux, cov ntsiab lus txiav hauv kev distillation, thiab kev siv catalyst - yog li txo cov kev siv zog thiab txo qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom tsis raws cai lossis cov khoom pov tseg.
Kev siv cov txheej txheem distillation hauv kev lag luam, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sensor tiag tiag, kuj ua kom nrawm dua kev daws teeb meem thiab kev kaw thaum muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo. Nrog kev txo qis kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib tw thiab kev ua dua tshiab ntau ntau, cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog kev txuag nqi ncaj qha, txo cov khoom siv raw, thiab tsawg dua kev ua txhaum cai ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem tiag tiag, uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntsuas inline raug, tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib tw, ua raws li txoj cai, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm phenol thiab acetone.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau (FAQs)
Cov txheej txheem cumene yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm phenol-acetone?
Cov txheej txheem cumene, tseem hu ua Hock txheej txheem, yog ib txoj kev lag luam rau kev sib koom ua ke phenol thiab acetone hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke. Nws pib nrog alkylation, qhov twg benzene reacts nrog propylene los tsim cumene siv cov khoom siv acid catalysts xws li zeolites lossis phosphoric acid. Cov cumene ces oxidized nrog huab cua los tsim cumene hydroperoxide. Qhov nruab nrab no dhau los ntawm acid-catalyzed cleavage, yielding phenol thiab acetone hauv qhov tseeb 1: 1 molar ratio. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws dominates thoob ntiaj teb phenol thiab acetone ntau lawm, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm cov peev txheej. Kwv yees li 95% ntawm thoob ntiaj teb phenol yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no txij li xyoo 2023, qhia txog nws qhov kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv nruab nrab.
Kev rhuav tshem cumene hydroperoxide cuam tshuam li cas rau kev nyab xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem?
Kev rhuav tshem ntawm cumene hydroperoxide yog exothermic heev, tso tawm cua sov loj heev. Yog tias tsis tswj hwm zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov, tawg, lossis hluav taws - tso cov kev cai nruj rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem thiab kev qhuab qhia ua haujlwm. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj catalysts hydroperoxide decomposition thiab kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov xwm txheej tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo. Kev saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias thiab tus nqi tshuaj tiv thaiv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov phenol thiab acetone cov txiaj ntsig nyob twj ywm siab tshaj plaws thaum txo qis kev tsim cov khoom seem thiab kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb. Kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam suav nrog kev saib xyuas lub kaw lus tas mus li, kev tua hluav taws thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thiab kev tsim cov reactor muaj zog los tswj cov exothermicity thiab tswj cov kev nce siab ntawm lub siab.
Lub kem distillation nyoos ua lub luag haujlwm dab tsi hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cumene?
Lub kem distillation nyoos yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb tom qab hydroperoxide cleavage. Nws cais cov phenol, acetone, cumene tsis tau ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom me me. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kem distillation nyoos zoo ua rau cov khoom rov qab zoo dua, txo kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab tsim cov kwj dej uas pub ncaj qha mus rau cov kauj ruam ntxuav tom qab. Kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kem distillation yuav tsum suav nrog cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv, xav tau kev ua tib zoo hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias. Kev ua tsis tiav hauv kev distillation tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom poob, kev ua qias tuaj, lossis cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dhau.
Vim li cas kev ntxuav acetone thiaj li tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov phenol-acetone?
Acetone tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene muaj ntau yam tsis huv: cov khoom lag luam sab (xws li methyl isobutyl ketone, isopropanol), dej, thiab cov organic acids tsim thaum lub sijhawm oxidation thiab cleavage. Yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si kom acetone ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam nruj rau kev siv hauv cov tshuaj, cov kuab tshuaj, thiab cov yas. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav, xws li kev sib cais nruj ntawm cov kab distillation, tshem tawm cov tsis huv no. Acone huv kuj tseem muaj tus nqi lag luam siab dua, txhawb nqa kev lag luam rau kev ntxuav kom zoo.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua tau kev koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm reactor los txhim kho cov qauv kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem cumene?
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem siv cov cib fim rau kev rov qab tau cua sov, kev siv cov khoom tsis tau ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chav tsev kom txo kev siv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, kev koom ua ke ntawm kev xa tawm cua sov lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kab ke distillation tuaj yeem txo cov nqi roj thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob. Kev siv cov kev nce qib zoo li microbubble reactors tau pom tias txhim kho kev hloov pauv loj, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm oxidation, thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no ua ke txo cov teeb meem ib puag ncig los ntawm kev txo cov pa phem thiab cov dej khib nyiab, thaum tseem txiav cov nqi ua tiav tag nrho, ua rau phenol-acetone co-production muaj kev ruaj khov dua thiab muaj zog dua.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-19-2025
