Kev ntab dejhauv Kev Pab
Kev ua kom cov ores muaj nqis ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm kev sib cais cov minerals muaj nqis los ntawm cov minerals gangue hauv kev ua cov minerals los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj. Txawm hais tias cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau tsis yog ferrous, cov hlau ferrous, lossis cov minerals tsis yog hlau, kev ua kom cov ores muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
1. Cov Txheej Txheem Flotation
(1) Kev Nthuav Tawm Ncaj Qha
Kev ntab ncaj qha yog hais txog kev lim cov zaub mov muaj nqis los ntawm cov slurry los ntawm kev tso cai rau lawv kom lo rau cov pa npuas thiab ntab rau saum npoo, thaum cov zaub mov gangue tseem nyob hauv cov slurry. Txoj kev no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov hlau tsis yog ferrous. Piv txwv li, kev ua cov hlau tuaj rau theem ntab tom qab dhau los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab sib tsoo hauv kev ua cov hlau tooj liab, uas cov neeg sau anionic tshwj xeeb tau qhia los hloov cov hydrophobicity thiab cia lawv nqus rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov zaub mov tooj liab. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv tooj liab hydrophobic txuas rau cov pa npuas thiab nce, tsim ib txheej ntawm cov npuas uas muaj cov tooj liab nplua nuj. Cov npuas no tau sau rau hauv qhov kev sib xyaw ua ntej ntawm cov zaub mov tooj liab, uas ua haujlwm ua cov khoom siv raw qib siab rau kev ua kom zoo dua.
(2) Kev Nqus Dej Rov Qab
Kev rov qab ua kom ntab yog kev ntab cov zaub mov gangue thaum cov zaub mov muaj nqis tseem nyob hauv cov slurry. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ua cov hlau ore nrog cov khoom tsis huv ntawm quartz, cov khoom siv anionic lossis cationic yog siv los hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig ntawm cov slurry. Qhov no hloov qhov xwm txheej hydrophilic ntawm quartz rau hydrophobic, cia nws txuas rau cov pa npuas thiab ntab.
(3) Kev Ua Kom Nce Dej Zoo Dua
Thaum cov ores muaj ob lossis ntau yam khoom muaj nqis, kev siv cov khoom siv flotation tshwj xeeb yuav cais lawv ua ntu zus raws li cov yam ntxwv xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov minerals thiab tus nqi kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem flotation no ua kom txhua yam minerals muaj nqis tau rov qab los nrog kev ntshiab siab thiab cov nqi rov qab los, ua kom siv cov peev txheej tau zoo tshaj plaws.
(4) Kev Ua Dej Ntau
Kev siv cov khoom siv flotation los ua kom cov minerals muaj nqis ntau yam, ua kom lawv sib xyaw ua ke kom tau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tom qab ntawd ces sib cais ua ke. Piv txwv li, hauv kev siv cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab nickel, qhov twg cov minerals tooj liab thiab nickel muaj feem cuam tshuam ze, kev siv cov khoom siv flotation los ua kom cov minerals sulfide tooj liab thiab nickel sib xyaw ua ke, ua rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Cov txheej txheem sib cais ua ke tom qab ntawd, xws li siv cov tshuaj lime thiab cyanide, cais cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab nickel uas muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Txoj kev "sau ua ntej, sib cais tom qab" no txo qhov kev poob ntawm cov minerals muaj nqis hauv cov theem pib thiab txhim kho qhov kev rov qab tau zoo ntawm cov ores sib xyaw.
2. Cov Txheej Txheem Flotation: Ib Kauj Ruam-rau-Kauj Ruam Precision
(1) Cov Txheej Txheem Flotation Theem: Kev Txhim Kho Ntxiv
Hauv kev flotation, theem flotation coj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ores nyuaj los ntawm kev faib cov txheej txheem flotation rau hauv ntau theem.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ob theem ntawm cov txheej txheem flotation, cov ore raug sib tsoo ntxhib, ib feem tso tawm cov minerals muaj nqis. Thawj theem flotation rov qab tau cov minerals uas tau tso tawm no ua cov khoom sib xyaw ua ntej. Cov khoom seem uas tsis tau tso tawm mus rau theem thib ob ntawm kev sib tsoo kom txo qhov loj me ntxiv, ua raws li theem thib ob ntawm kev flotation. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov minerals muaj nqis uas tseem tshuav raug sib cais thiab sib xyaw nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ntej. Txoj kev no tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntau dhau hauv theem pib, txo cov khoom pov tseg, thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev flotation.
Rau cov ores uas nyuaj dua, xws li cov uas muaj ntau yam hlau tsis tshua muaj nrog cov qauv siv lead ua ke nruj nreem, yuav siv tau peb theem ntawm kev sib tsoo. Kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib tsoo sib hloov ua rau muaj kev tshuaj xyuas zoo thiab xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam minerals muaj nqis raug rho tawm nrog qhov huv siab tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi rov qab tau, tso lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev ua ntxiv.
3. Cov Yam Tseem Ceeb hauv Kev Ua Dej Ntxeev
(1) Tus Nqi pH: Qhov Sib Npaug Me Me ntawm Slurry Acidity
Tus nqi pH ntawm cov slurry ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntab, cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov minerals thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov reagent. Thaum pH siab dua qhov isoelectric point ntawm cov minerals, qhov chaw yuav raug them tsis zoo; hauv qab nws, qhov chaw yuav raug them zoo. Cov kev hloov pauv no hauv qhov them ntawm qhov chaw qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov minerals thiab cov reagents, zoo li qhov kev nyiam lossis kev thawb ntawm cov hlau nplaum.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej acidic, cov zaub mov sulfide tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg sau khoom, ua rau nws yooj yim dua los ntes cov zaub mov sulfide. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov xwm txheej alkaline pab txhawb kev ntab ntawm cov zaub mov oxide los ntawm kev hloov kho lawv cov khoom nto kom txhim kho cov tshuaj reagent affinity.
Cov zaub mov sib txawv xav tau cov pH tshwj xeeb rau kev ntab, uas yuav tsum tau tswj hwm kom meej. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ntab ntawm quartz thiab calcite sib xyaw, quartz tuaj yeem ntab tau zoo los ntawm kev kho cov pH slurry rau 2-3 thiab siv cov amine-based collectors. Ntawm qhov tod tes, calcite flotation yog nyiam nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej alkaline nrog cov fatty acid-based collectors. Qhov kev kho pH meej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev sib cais cov zaub mov zoo.
(2) Txoj Cai Tshuaj Reagent
Cov txheej txheem reagent tswj hwm cov txheej txheem flotation, suav nrog kev xaiv, kev noj tshuaj, kev npaj, thiab kev ntxiv cov reagents. Cov reagents xaiv cov khoom nqus rau ntawm cov khoom siv minerals, hloov lawv cov hydrophobicity.
Cov khoom ua npuas dej ua rau cov npuas dej ruaj khov hauv cov kua nplaum thiab pab txhawb kev ntab ntawm cov khoom me me uas tsis muaj dej. Cov khoom ua npuas dej feem ntau suav nrog roj ntoo thuv thiab roj cresol, uas tsim cov npuas dej ruaj khov, loj me rau kev txuas cov khoom me me.
Cov khoom hloov kho ua kom qhib lossis txwv tsis pub cov khoom ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab kho cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis hluav taws xob ntawm cov slurry.
Kev siv tshuaj reagent ntau dhau yuav tsum tau ua kom raug—yog tias tsis muaj ntau txaus ces yuav ua rau hydrophobicity tsawg zuj zus, ua rau cov nqi rov qab zoo dua qub, thaum siv ntau dhau ces yuav ua rau cov tshuaj reagents pov tseg, ua rau cov nqi kim dua, thiab ua rau cov tshuaj concentrate tsis zoo. Cov khoom siv ntse xws lilub ntsuas concentration hauv onlinetuaj yeem paub txog kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj reagent.
Lub sijhawm thiab txoj kev ntxiv cov tshuaj reagent kuj tseem ceeb heev. Cov tshuaj kho, cov tshuaj depressants, thiab qee cov collectors feem ntau raug ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo los npaj cov slurry lub chaw tshuaj lom neeg thaum ntxov. Cov collectors thiab cov frothers feem ntau raug ntxiv rau hauv thawj lub tank flotation kom ua kom lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm tseem ceeb.
(3) Qhov Ntsuas Pa
Qhov ceev ntawm kev ua pa tsim cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab cov npuas dej, ua rau nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ntab dej. Kev ua pa tsis txaus ua rau muaj cov npuas tsawg dhau, txo qhov kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib txuas, yog li ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntab dej tsis zoo. Kev ua pa ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev co ntau dhau, ua rau cov npuas tawg thiab cov khoom txuas nrog tawm, txo qhov ua haujlwm.
Cov kws ua haujlwm siv cov txheej txheem xws li kev sau roj lossis kev ntsuas cua ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas cua kom kho qhov nrawm ntawm kev ua pa. Rau cov khoom me me, kev ua kom muaj cua ntau dua los tsim cov npuas loj dua txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ntab. Rau cov khoom me me lossis yooj yim ntab, kev kho kom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias kev ntab ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
(4) Lub Sijhawm Ua Dej
Lub sijhawm ua kom ntab yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qib concentrate thiab qhov ceev rov qab los, xav tau kev ntsuas kom raug. Thaum ntxov, cov zaub mov muaj nqis sai sai txuas rau cov npuas, ua rau muaj qhov ceev rov qab los thiab qib concentrate siab.
Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, thaum cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntau dua tau ntab, cov zaub mov gangue kuj tseem yuav nce siab, ua rau cov khoom ntshiab ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tsis sib xws. Rau cov pob zeb yooj yim nrog cov zaub mov coarser-grained thiab yooj yim ntab, lub sijhawm ntab luv dua txaus, ua kom muaj kev rov qab zoo yam tsis muaj kev txi qib sib xyaw. Rau cov pob zeb nyuaj lossis refractory, lub sijhawm ntab ntev dua yog qhov tsim nyog kom tso cai rau cov zaub mov zoo-grained lub sijhawm sib cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj reagents thiab npuas. Kev hloov kho lub sijhawm ntab yog lub cim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntab kom raug thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-22-2025
