Kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv cov voj voog pob zeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem ua cov hlau tooj liab thiab lwm yam txheej txheem ua cov hlau. Muaj ntau yam cuab yeej niaj hnub thiab cov txheej txheem tau tshwm sim los txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau thiab kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem milling. Kev saib xyuas tas mus li ntawm cov slurry density yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv ua cov hlau rau kev sib tsoo ruaj khov. Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab hauv kev khawb av siv cov thev naus laus zis sensor siab heev xws li cov sensors vibration siab, ultrasonic ceramic sensors, thiab lwm yam.
Nkag Siab Txog Kev Sib Tsoo Pob Hauv Kev Ua Cov Khoom Siv Mineral
Cov tshuab zeb pob yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw ua cov khoom siv hauv av, tsim tshwj xeeb los ua kom txo qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv ore kom zoo thiab rov qab tau zoo. Ntawm lawv lub hauv paus, cov tshuab zeb pob yog cov hlab ntsha cylindrical uas tig, ib feem puv nrog cov khoom sib tsoo xws li cov pob hlau lossis cov pellets ceramic, uas sib tsoo ore los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev tawm tsam. Cov txheej txheem sib tsoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tso cov khoom siv mineral, uas yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua txoj kev ua kom zoo tom qab - txawm tias yog kev ntab, kev rho tawm, lossis kev sib cais ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus.
Txhais Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Cov Pob Zeb hauv Cov Chaw Ua Khoom Siv Mineral
Cov tshuab zeb pob ua haujlwm los ntawm kev siv lub zog tshuab los rhuav cov hlau. Kev xaiv hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub tshuab tawg, qhov ua tau zoo, thiab kev faib tawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm hom hlau, cov khoom siv sib tsoo, thiab qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab zeb teeb tsa theem rau kev sib tsoo zoo.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm xws li qhov ntim ntawm cov hlau, kev tsim cov liner, thiab kev thauj khoom ntawm cov xov xwm tau teeb tsa zoo kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab txo cov nqi hnav. Piv txwv li, kev siv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub pob thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov xov xwm txhim kho ob qho tib si kev xa khoom thiab cov nqi tso tawm ntawm cov ntxhia, qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov hlau nyuaj, cov hlau qib qis uas feem ntau ntsib hauv kev khawb tooj liab.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj - Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Noj thiab Tonnage ntawm Lub Tshuab Ziab Khaub Ncaws
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Cov ntaub thaiv pob zeb kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv lub plhaub zeb, pab txhawb kev txav mus los ntawm cov xov xwm, thiab txhawb nqa cov qauv ntws ntawm cov khoom me me. Kev saib xyuas cov ntaub thaiv thiab cov xov xwm tsis tu ncua, qhia los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov nqi hnav ntawm cov xov xwm sib tsoo thiab cov khoom siv ntawm lub zeb, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li thiab kev tswj tus nqi.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Sib Tsoo Pob Hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm Tooj Liab
Hauv kev khawb tooj liab, kev sib tsoo pob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov txheej txheem no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau raug rhuav tshem kom zoo txaus rau cov hlau tooj liab kom sib cais los ntawm cov hlau nyob ib puag ncig. Raws li cov hlau hloov mus rau qib qis dua thiab qhov nyuaj ntxiv, cov tswv yim sib tsoo pob yuav tsum hloov kho rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov mineralogy, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov hlau, thiab kev ua haujlwm sib txawv.
Piv txwv li, cov neeg mob uas muaj cov hlau nplua nuj hauv lub cev (bornite-rich ore), feem ntau pom tias kev sib tsoo yooj yim dua thiab kev tso tawm ntau dua, thaum cov hlau nplua nuj chalcopyrite, nrog rau qhov nyuaj dua, ua rau muaj kev cov nyom thiab ua rau muaj kev xav tau zog ntau dua. Cov txheej txheem ua cov hlau tooj liab siab heev tam sim no hais txog kev tsim cov pob zeb tshwj xeeb thiab kev xaiv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab txo qhov kev sib tsoo ntau dhau, txo cov nqi zog thiab kev poob ntawm cov khoom siv. Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua—tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ib puag ncig cov kab sib tsoo thiab kev tswj hwm cov khoom siv sib tsoo—txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev lag luam.
Kev Txheeb Xyuas Txog Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Noj Haus thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm Kev Sib Tsoo
Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom noj - qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom khov hauv cov slurry xa mus rau lub tshuab zeb pob - yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev siv hluav taws xob. Cov khoom khov ntau dhau ua rau cov slurry viscosity ntau ntxiv, ua rau kev sib tov tsis zoo thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntau dhau, thaum qis dhau txwv kev ua haujlwm thiab txo qhov kev tawg. Kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev pub thiab kev sib sau ua ke ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj tau qhov kev tawg ntawm cov khoom me me zoo tshaj plaws, txo qhov poob torque, thiab txuag hluav taws xob.
Cov thev naus laus zis ntsuas qhov ceev hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, suav nrog cov khoom siv ultrasonic uas tsis yog nuclear xws li Lonnmeter, tau siv ntau dua los saib xyuas cov khoom slurry thiab muab cov lus teb tam sim ntawd rau kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem. Cov thev naus laus zis no txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm dynamic, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zeb thiab txhim kho kev sib tsoo tag nrho. Los ntawm kev koom ua ke cov txheej txheem tswj kev pub mis nrog kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab siab heev, cov chaw ua cov khoom siv minerals paub txog ob qho tib si zoo dua thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm qis dua thoob plaws kev rho tawm tooj liab thiab lwm yam haujlwm tso tawm cov khoom siv minerals.
Hauv ntej, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob, kev xaiv thiab kev hnav ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo, kev saib xyuas lub liner, thiab kev tswj cov khoom noj pub ua ke txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ua cov ntxhia. Cov tswv yim no txhawb nqa qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso cov ntxhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyuaj xws li cov chaw khawb tooj liab niaj hnub no, qhov twg cov khoom siv thiab kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev rov qab tau cov ntxhia uas ruaj khov thiab pheej yig.
Cov Khoom Siv Sib Tsoo: Kev Xaiv, Kev Ua Tau Zoo, thiab Kev Hnav
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hauv cov zaub mov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev rho tawm tooj liab, vam khom kev xaiv thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv zoo tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev tso tawm cov zaub mov xwb tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam ua haujlwm thiab lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom siv.
Hom Kev Sib Tsoo Siv Hauv Cov Pob Zeb Rau Cov Pob Zeb Mineral
Cov tshuab sib tsoo pob siv ntau yam khoom sib tsoo, nrog rau hom tshwj xeeb xaiv raws li cov khoom siv ore, qhov loj me ntawm kev sib tsoo uas xav tau, thiab kev tsim qauv voj voog. Cov pawg tseem ceeb suav nrog:
Cov Pob Hlau Forged:Cov pob hlau forged feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab. Lawv qhia txog cov yam ntxwv zoo hauv kev sib tsoo ntub thiab qhuav, muab kev tawg sib xws thiab txo qis kev hnav ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cov Pob Hlau Uas Ua Los Ntawm Hlau (High-Chrome Thiab Hlau Txheem):Cov pob uas raug cam khwb cia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj chrome ntau, muaj kev tiv taus kev sib txhuam ntau dua, ua rau lawv zoo rau cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv sib txhuam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov nqi tsim khoom siab dua thiab qhov ua tau tshuaj lom neeg hauv qee lub voj voog tooj liab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam xov xwm thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntab.
Cov Khoom Siv Ua Los Ntawm Av nplaum (Alumina thiab Zirconia):Siv rau hauv kev sib tsoo dua lossis cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb uas xav tau kev sib tsoo zoo heev thiab tsis muaj kuab paug. Lawv cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog kev tiv taus kev hnav zoo heev thiab tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov txheej txheem ua qias tuaj, tab sis tus nqi siab dua thiab kev tawg qis dua txwv tsis pub siv lawv hauv kev sib tsoo tooj liab loj.
Cylpebs thiab Rods:Cov kev xaiv no qee zaum raug xaiv rau qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo lossis rau cov voj voog sib xyaw. Lawv cov duab tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau kev sib cuag thiab cov qauv tawg, pab tau rau qee qhov kev teeb tsa kev tso tawm cov minerals.
Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Qhov Loj ntawm Media, Geometry, thiab Density rau Kev Sib Tsoo Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Tso Tawm Minerals
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xov xwm muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem milling pob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaub mov muaj nqis:
Kev Loj Qib:Kev siv cov pob loj thiab me sib xyaw ua ke ua kom muaj kev tawg ua tej daim me me thiab kev sib tsoo zoo. Cov pob loj dua muab lub zog ntaus ntau dua, tseem ceeb rau kev rhuav cov pob zeb loj dua, thaum cov pob me dua txhim kho kev tso cov pob zeb me me.
Geometry thiab Duab:Cov khoom siv spherical muab kev faib khoom sib npaug, ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo zoo dua thiab tsim cov feem me me. Qhov sib txawv, lwm cov duab (piv txwv li, cylpebs) kho qhov profile sib cuag, qee zaum pab rau cov hom ore tshwj xeeb lossis cov khoom loj xav tau.
Qhov Ceev:Qhov ceev ntawm cov xov xwm txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv zog thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo. Cov xov xwm qis dua tau qhia txog kev tso tawm zoo dua thiab kev siv hluav taws xob zoo hauv cov ntawv thov rov ua dua tshiab, thaum cov kev xaiv ceev dua yog qhov zoo dua rau cov voj voog sib tsoo loj uas muaj zog ntau.
Piv txwv li:Hauv IsaMill regrind circuit, siv cov pob ceramic qis dua ua ke nrog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv ua rau txo qis kev siv zog tshwj xeeb thiab txhim kho kev ywj pheej rau kev ntab tom qab.
Kev cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws
Cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv sib tsoo muaj ntau yam hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab:
Tus nqi ntawm kev siv xov xwm:Qhov kev siv cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntau npaum li cas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zaus hloov pauv thiab kev siv nyiaj yuav khoom. Kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom khoom, qhov loj me, thiab kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem txo qhov kev siv txhua xyoo los ntawm 10-15%.
Kev Siv Zog Thiab Kev Sib Tsoo Zoo:Kev xaiv kom zoo yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, ua rau muaj cov teeb meem ib puag ncig me dua thiab ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo dua.
Cov teebmeem ua haujlwm hauv qab:Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xov xwm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov av thiab, yog li ntawd, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntab lossis kev lim dej tom qab. Kev xaiv tsis raug yuav xav tau kev siv tshuaj reagent ntau dua lossis ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo.
Lub Neej Siv Khoom Siv Zeb:Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo thiab cov pob zeb sib tsoo muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub voj voog txij nkawm. Cov khoom siv uas muaj qhov hnav thiab tawg qis dua tiv thaiv lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv, txo qhov tsis tau npaj tseg thiab kev poob ntau lawm.
Piv txwv li:Cov haujlwm siv lub kaw lus Lonnmeter thiab kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag tau ua pov thawj tias kev xaiv cov xov xwm zoo dua, ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo pob zeb zoo dua thiab cov sijhawm hloov cov xov xwm uas kwv yees tau zoo dua.
Kev xaiv thiab kev tswj hwm cov khoom siv sib tsoo hauv kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso cov minerals tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom rov qab tau zoo tshaj plaws, tswj kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab tswj cov nqi thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov minerals hauv kev lag luam.
Kev Sib Tsoo Pob Zeb Tooj Liab: Cov Yam Ntxwv ntawm Cov Pob Zeb thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Pub Noj
Cov hlau tooj liab rau cov khoom siv sib tsoo pob zeb tau muab faib ua ob hom tseem ceeb: oxide thiab sulfide. Txhua hom xav tau cov txheej txheem ua cov hlau sib txawv thiab cov tswv yim pub hlau sib tsoo pob zeb vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab lub cev.
Cov oxide ores, xws li malachite thiab azurite, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab ua ke nrog oxygen. Cov ores no mos dua, ua rau lawv yooj yim dua rau kev tsoo thiab sib tsoo. Hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab hauv av, oxide ores feem ntau xav tau kev sib tsoo me me ua ntej leaching - acid leaching yog txoj kev ua cov zaub mov txheem, siv lawv cov solubility. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub pob zeb rau oxide ore feem ntau tsom rau qhov loj me sib tsoo, txo cov zog tag nrho thiab hnav ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo. Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem milling pob ntawm no muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xa khoom thaum tsom rau qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me uas sib npaug rau kev ywj pheej nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leach.
Cov pob zeb sulfide, xws li chalcopyrite thiab bornite, tsim cov pob zeb tooj liab uas khi nrog sulfur. Cov pob zeb no feem ntau nyuaj dua thiab tsis tshua muaj zog rau kev tso kua qaub ncaj qha, ua rau yuav tsum tau sib tsoo zoo hauv cov tshuab pob zeb kom ua tiav kev ywj pheej txaus rau kev rho tawm tooj liab raws li kev ntab. Kev sib tsoo cov pob zeb sulfide xav tau qhov loj me me, uas txhais tau tias siv zog ntau dua thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev xaiv cov hom kev sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev siv. Cov pob zeb forged steel feem ntau nyiam rau cov pob zeb sulfide vim lawv lub zog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnav siab, corrosive, thaum cov pob zeb chromium siab tuaj yeem siv rau cov hom phiaj kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb txawm tias tus nqi siab dua. Qhov xav tau rau cov pob zeb sib tsoo zoo thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua kuj nce ntxiv nrog rau qhov xwm txheej abrasive ntawm cov khoom noj sulfide.
Kev tshawb nrhiav txog cov mineralogy hauv cov qhov av loj uas muaj tooj liab qhib tsis tshua muaj zog. Ntau qhov chaw tso nyiaj pom cov cheeb tsam oxide-sulfide sib xyaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hloov ntawm cov hlau uas tau hloov pauv thiab cov hlau thawj zaug. Kev tswj hwm qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev pub pob zeb sib xyaw thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Kev hloov pauv mineralogical tas mus li tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ua cov hlau, thiab hloov cov kev xav tau rau kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso cov hlau tawm. Piv txwv li, kev sib xyaw cov kwj deg los ntawm ntau lub rooj sib txawv lossis cov cheeb tsam hlau buffers pub qhov sib txawv, thaum cov qauv thermodynamic (Eh-pH daim duab) txhawb kev xaiv txoj hauv kev hloov kho rau kev txhim kho kev rov qab tooj liab hauv cov khoom noj sib xyaw. Hauv qee kis, kev ua cov kwj deg sib xyaw es tsis txhob sib cais lawv txhim kho kev sib cuam tshuam galvanic, txhawb nqa tag nrho cov nqi yaj hlau thaum lub sijhawm leaching lossis flotation.
Kev kho ua ntej ntawm cov sulfide ores tsis ntev los no tau pom tias hloov pauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov hlau, ua rau cov khoom faib tawm ntxhib dua thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom me me ntev dua. Qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev sib tsoo pob zeb zoo thiab tej zaum yuav txhawb nqa kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem downstream - xws li kev txhim kho flotation - qhia tias kev kho ua ntej ntawm cov hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tswv yim tswj kev pub mis siab heev.
Kev npaj khoom rau kev tswj cov khoom noj sib xws pib ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub qhov av. Kev tswj cov khoom khaws cia yog qhov tseem ceeb, ua haujlwm ua lub buffer ntawm cov zis tawm ntawm lub qhov av thiab cov khoom noj ruaj khov uas cov tshuab pob zeb xav tau. Cov khoom khaws cia ua ntej thiab cov khoom khaws cia thawj zaug tsis yog tsuas yog tsim los khaws cov hlau xwb tab sis kuj tseem pab txhawb kev sib xyaw los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, txo cov kev hloov pauv txhua hnub thiab hloov mus rau hloov. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom khaws cia thiab rov qab ua kom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke, txo cov qib hloov pauv thiab muab cov khoom sib xws rau lub voj voog milling.
Kev tsim lub tshuab pub ntxiv cuam tshuam rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom pub thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob. Rau cov haujlwm qhib loj, cov khoom pub yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khoom seem thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom seem. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom seem - siv cov txheej txheem xws li Lonnmeter - ntawm lub taub hau pub ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas thiab tswj hwm qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom pub, txhawb nqa qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev xa khoom. Cov txheej txheem pub txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv kev nce lossis kev thaiv, ua kom ruaj khov ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom seem mus rau lub voj voog sib tsoo pob.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev ua tiav ntawm kev sib tsoo pob zeb tooj liab nyob ntawm kev hloov kho kev tswj hwm cov khoom noj rau cov khoom siv mineralogy, kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev tiv thaiv cov chaw sib txawv, thiab siv cov khoom siv logistics zoo - los ntawm cov khoom khaws cia mus rau cov khoom noj - kom txo qis kev hloov pauv. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tso tawm cov khoom siv minerals zoo, kev rov qab tau tooj liab zoo tshaj plaws, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv cov chaw khawb av uas nyuaj zuj zus.
Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Cuab Yeej Tswj Kev Pub Noj
Kev Ntsuas Ncaj Qha: Cov Sensors thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me
Cov neeg ua haujlwm vam khom cov sensors rau kev soj ntsuam lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm cov slurry thiab cov khoom pub. Cov sensors throughput saib xyuas cov khoom loj, thaum cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas qhov loj ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus - feem ntau ntsia rau ntawm cov siv conveyor lossis cov hoppers pub - xa cov ntaub ntawv granularity tam sim ntawd rau cov hom xov xwm sib tsoo thiab kev txiav txim siab siv. Cov txheej txheem kuaj inline, ua ke nrog cov ntsuas qhov loj ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, ua rau muaj kev txiav txim siab tas mus li ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv lub tshuab zeb, qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso tawm cov ntxhia thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tsoo pob.
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ceev Hauv Kab: Cov Txuj Ci Thiab Cov Txiaj Ntsig
Kev saib xyuas tas mus li ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov slurry yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv cov khoom siv ua cov ntxhia kom ruaj khov. Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab hauv kev khawb av siv cov thev naus laus zis sensor siab heev xws li cov sensors vibration zaus siab, ultrasonic spectroscopy-based ceramic sensors, thiab applied current magnetic induction tomography (AC-MIT).
- Cov cuab yeej ntsuas kev co siabntes cov kev hloov pauv hauv kab hauv cov slurry ceev thiab viscosity, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntxuav tus kheej uas txo cov av qias neeg thiab kev txij nkawm.
- Cov cuab yeej ntsuas ultrasonic ceramicmuab kev tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam thiab kev ntsuas tsis muaj kev txav mus los, tsim nyog rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm hnyav. Lawv xa cov haujlwm tsis tas yuav saib xyuas thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tau zoo, txhawb nqa cov kab sib dhos pob thiab cov txheej txheem saib xyuas.
- Cov sensors AC-MITua kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag, txo qhov tsis ua haujlwm thiab kev hnav hauv cov txheej txheem ncig mus tas li.
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab suav nrog:
- Kev tswj hwm lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm cov pulp density, tseem ceeb rau kev rho tawm tooj liab thiab kev sib tsoo optimization.
- Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo dua los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tam sim ntawd, txo qhov yuam kev ntawm tib neeg thiab kev vam khom rau kev kuaj hauv chaw kuaj.
- Txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom nrog kev tswj hwm ncaj qha rau cov khoom khov, qhov ceev ntawm cov slurry, thiab qhov nrawm ntawm kev sib tsoo xov xwm.
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem saib xyuas qhov ceev hauv kab, xws li cov uas tau piav qhia hauv Inline Density Monitoring rau Ball Mills, tso cai rau kev tswj hwm qhov ceev ntawm cov pulp kom raug, tsis siv neeg, txhim kho cov txheej txheem ua cov ntxhia thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Kev Sib Npaug ntawm Kev Ntxiv Dej, Qhov Ceev ntawm Slurry, thiab Cov Khoom Khoob
Kev ntxiv dej zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib tsoo pob tsim kom muaj qhov ceev ntawm cov slurry zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sib tsoo zoo. Kev tshawb fawb hauv kev lag luam qhia tau tias kev tswj cov dej sib piv, cov khoom noj pub, thiab hom xov xwm sib tsoo tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho cov khoom siv xwb tab sis kuj txo cov kev siv zog tshwj xeeb. Cov qauv teb ntawm qhov chaw (RSM) lees paub cov teebmeem muaj zog ntawm kev ntxiv dej thiab cov nqi sau xov xwm rau kev siv zog thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas dynamic, xws li cov inline density probes thiab cov particle size sensors, ua kom cov pulp density tseem nyob hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab. Kev hloov kho rau cov dej ntxiv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov viscosity ntawm slurry, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo, thiab cov nqi tso tawm ntawm cov hlau.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tswj Xyuas Tsis Siv Neeg thiab Cov Kev Tawm Tswv Yim
Cov tshuab zeb pob niaj hnub siv cov tshuab tswj tsis siv neeg los tswj cov khoom noj uas pub rau hauv. Cov tshuab no siv cov sensor-based feedback loops los tswj cov nqi pub, cov slurry density, thiab qhov kub hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, cov sensor kub ntawm cov qhov nkag ntawm lub tshuab zeb coj kev hloov kho cov nqi pub, tswj cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw kom qis dua qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov khoos phis tawj thiab cov koob yees duab hauv kev lag luam tuaj yeem ntxiv cov khoom siv sensor rau kev saib xyuas kom meej, ua rau muaj kev hloov kho tus kheej los teb rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv pub lossis lub tshuab zeb. Txoj hauv kev hloov kho no txo qhov kev vam khom ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj, txo qhov sib txawv, thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem ua tooj liab ntau ntxiv. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv kev kawm lees paub tias cov txheej txheem no txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev zeb.
Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem Siab Tshaj Plaws rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo thiab Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Cov txheej txheem tswj cov txheej txheem siab heev (APC) siv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke, tsis siv neeg los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob hauv kev sib tsoo pob. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab sau tseg kev txhim kho hauv kev xa khoom - xws li kev nce ntxiv ntawm 541 mus rau 571 tph - thaum APC koom nrog. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pulp density poob qis, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb txo qis ntau dua 5%.
APC ua kom zoo dua cov kev sib tsoo xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom khov, lub tshuab sib tsoo, lub sijhawm sib tsoo, thiab qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab sib tov. Qhov kev tswj hwm no ua rau lub pob zeb sib tsoo zoo dua rau kev tso cov ntxhia tawm, txo cov nqi hnav, thiab pab kwv yees cov pob zeb sib tsoo thiab kev teem sijhawm txij nkawm. Kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog, ua raws li lub hom phiaj kev lag luam ntawm kev txo cov nqi ua haujlwm thiab kev txhim kho cov ntsuas ib puag ncig.
Hauv kev xaus lus, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ntsuas ncaj qha, kev saib xyuas qhov ceev hauv kab, kev tswj hwm cov dej ntws, kev tawm tswv yim tsis siv neeg, thiab cov cuab yeej tswj hwm cov txheej txheem siab heev ua ke tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus rau kev tswj hwm kev pub pob zeb zoo, kwv yees tau, thiab ruaj khov hauv cov chaw ua cov khoom siv niaj hnub.
Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab hauv Kev Tsim Lub Tshuab Pob thiab Kev Txhim Kho Zog
Kev Txhim Kho Cov Qauv Rau Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Txo Hauv Kev Sib Tsoo Tooj Liab
Kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob rau cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab tsom mus rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv uas txo qis kev siv zog. Kev nce qib tseem ceeb suav nrog kev koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem tsav tsheb zoo, cov kab sib txuas zoo dua, thiab cov qauv tsim plhaub zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov tshuab tsav tsheb zoo, xws li Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), tau txais kev siv ntau dua vim lawv lub zog txuag tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm pib tau yooj yim. PMSMs pab txhawb rau kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub zeb du, txo qhov xav tau hluav taws xob ntau, thiab lub cev muaj zog ntev dua, uas txhais tau tias kev siv nyiaj tsawg dua thiab kev siv cov hlau tsis tu ncua ntau dua. Cov qauv tsim plhaub zoo dua, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv siab heev thiab cov duab geometries, txo qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv rau kev txav mus los thiab ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw thiab sib tsoo hlau zoo.
Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm lub liner kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub liner—xws li cov roj hmab uas tiv taus kev hnav thiab cov qauv sib xyaw—txo qhov kev hnav ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo, txo qhov kev poob ntawm lub sijhawm rau cov pob zeb sib tsoo thiab kev txij nkawm. Cov ces kaum ntawm lub lifter zoo tshaj plaws, tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sim ua qauv discrete element method (DEM) thiab kev sim ua tiag tiag, sib npaug ntawm qhov nqa thiab qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib xyaw thaum txo qhov hnav ntawm lub liner. Kev kho qhov geometry ntawm lub lifter ib leeg tuaj yeem ua rau kev txo qis zog txog li 6%, ua kom tiav kev txuag hluav taws xob dav dua.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis txuag hluav taws xob ua rau txo tau txog li 15-30% ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev txhim kho sab hauv ntawm lub tshuab thiab kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob zoo dua rau cov hlau tooj liab thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo.
Lub Tshuab Zeb Pob
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Cov Txheej Txheem Tswj Xyuas rau Kev Ceev ntawm Lub Tshuab Ziab Khaub Ncaws, Kev Thauj Khoom, thiab Kev Sib Tsoo Circuit
Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm siab heev ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tiag tiag ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tsoo pob, suav nrog qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab, qhov hnyav ntawm lub pob, thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm cov voj voog sib tsoo. Cov txheej txheem no siv cov platform xws li Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) thiab Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), muab kev saib xyuas dynamic thiab kev cuam tshuam tsis siv neeg.
Piv txwv li, cov kev daws teeb meem tswj cov txheej txheem siab heev (APC) tswj tau qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab sib tsoo thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo kom raug, siv cov lus teb rov qab los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab thiab cov cim qhia txog xwm txheej ntawm lub voj voog. Kev them nqi tsis siv neeg kho qhov ntim thiab hom ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo, tiv thaiv kev them nqi tsawg lossis ntau dhau uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab ua rau kev siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv.
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kab ke no txuas lub tshuab zeb pob mus rau cov khoom siv ua cov khoom siv saum toj thiab hauv qab, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev pub tooj liab lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub voj voog ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm tam sim ntawd uas ua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, ruaj khov qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob.
Cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam los ntawm kev siv zog zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev sib tsoo pob
Kev siv lub pob zeb ua kom lub zog zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv hauv av muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab nyiaj txiag. Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua txo cov nqi ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem sawv cev rau ib feem loj ntawm tag nrho cov nuj nqis ntawm lub qhov av tooj liab. Rau cov nroj tsuag uas khiav ntau lub tshuab, kev txuag nyiaj tag nrho los ntawm kev tsim qauv siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Ib puag ncig, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua ncaj qha txo cov pa roj carbon dioxide, ua raws li cov hom phiaj kev cai lij choj thiab kev ywj pheej. Piv txwv li, kev ua haujlwm zoo dua ntawm kev sib tsoo hluav taws xob txo qhov xav tau cov txheej txheem siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv rau hauv qab ntawm kev rho tawm tooj liab. Cov suab nrov thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov roj, cov teeb meem uas nyob ntev hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, kuj txo qis nrog kev siv cov tsav tsheb siab heev thiab cov kab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov txheej txheem tshiab xws li cov tshuab tso tawm cov hlau nplaum ua rau cov hlau ntau ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso cov hlau tawm thaum txo qis kev sib tsoo ntau dhau - qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev siv cov peev txheej.Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kabhauv kev khawb av ua kom cov txheej txheem sib xws, txhawb nqa kev txuag hluav taws xob ntxiv thiab kev siv cov peev txheej zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov tshwm sim ua ke yog kev txhim kho zoo hauv ob qho kev lag luam thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm milling tooj liab.
Kev Sib Npaug ntawm Kev Tso Tawm Cov Khoom Siv Mineral thiab Kev Pheej Hmoo Dhau Los
Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom noj muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob, qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom khov kho uas tau xaiv zoo hauv cov khoom noj hauv lub tshuab zeb tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov khoom tawg sai dua thiab ua rau cov khoom tawg yooj yim dua thaum txo qis kev siv zog tsis tsim nyog. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias, rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem zeb pob, qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom noj ntau dhau ua rau cov khoom me me sib sau ua ke, cuam tshuam kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev sib tsoo zoo. Ntawm cov khoom me me, kev tawg tsis ua haujlwm zoo, thiab kev sib sau ua ke tsis txaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim, qhia tau tias xav tau kev sib npaug rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev Sib Raug Zoo Ntawm Kev Pub Noj, Kev Sib Tsoo Media, thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo tseem ceeb heev rau kev tso tawm hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv minerals. Cov pob hlau yog cov khoom siv ntau tab sis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov oxidation ntawm qhov chaw, pab txhawb kev ntab ntawm cov zaub mov xws li pyrite thiab tej zaum yuav txo qhov ntab ntawm cov zaub mov tooj liab xws li chalcopyrite. Nano-ceramic media, los ntawm qhov sib piv, feem ntau txhawb nqa kev xaiv adsorption ntawm xanthate collectors, txhim kho kev tso tawm ntawm chalcopyrite thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab los. Cov pov thawj sim siv kev ntsuas electron microscopy thiab kev sim flotation ua pov thawj cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm qhov chaw.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov theem sau ntawm lub tshuab zeb cuam tshuam rau kev sib tsoo kinetics thiab kev hloov pauv zog. Feem ntau, kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me dua yuav ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntau dua tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tsoo ntau dhau yog tias tsis tswj hwm zoo. Kev hnav ntawm cov khoom siv, cov kab sib tsoo pob thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab kev thauj khoom ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kom zoo kom tsim tau ib puag ncig sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws rau kev rho tawm tooj liab.
Cov Tswv Yim Los Txo Qhov Kev Sib Tsoo Ntau Dhau: Kev Ua Kom Lub Sijhawm Nyob Zoo Dua Thiab Kev Sib Xyaws Ua Ke ntawm Xov Xwm
Kev sib tsoo ntau dhau—kev txo cov zaub mov muaj nqis kom ua rau cov khoom me me dhau—ua rau qhov ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke tsis zoo thiab ua rau cov khoom sib xyaw zoo. Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov no, yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua rau kev faib sijhawm nyob (RTD) hauv lub tshuab sib tsoo pob. Hauv kev xyaum, cov txheej txheem tracer thiab cov qauv RTD (N-series reactors) ua rau muaj kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm lub sijhawm nyob nruab nrab. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau tias lub sijhawm nyob hauv thaj tsam li 1.7 txog 8.3 feeb hauv cov tshuab sib tsoo pob kev lag luam tso cai rau kev tso tawm zoo tshaj plaws yam tsis muaj kev nplua ntau dhau.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hauv av no yuav daws tau ob qho tib si kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg thiab kev sib tsoo ntau dhau. Kev siv ntau hom khoom siv thiab qhov loj me, raws li cov qauv ntawm cov hlau thiab qhov loj me ntawm kev sib tsoo, yuav ua rau cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua rau cov khoom siv hauv av tawg zoo dua. Piv txwv li, kev sib xyaw cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv hauv av ceramic, lossis kev sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov pob zeb raws li kev ua qauv kinetic, yuav kho qhov profile tawg, txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom zoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej slime thiab kev xaiv tsis zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw.
Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kev khawb av, siv cov cuab yeej xws li Lonnmeter, muab cov lus teb tam sim ntawd ntawm qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom noj hauv lub zeb. Qhov no ua rau kev hloov kho sai sai, tswj hwm qhov chaw sib tsoo sib xws uas haum rau kev tso tawm cov minerals thiab txo cov sijhawm ntawm kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev sib tsoo. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab txuas ntxiv mus rau kev sib tsoo pob zeb ruaj khov dua thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke.
Cov teebmeem ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm tooj liab thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw
Kev tso tawm zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev rov qab tau tooj liab siab thiab qib concentrate. Thaum lub pob milling rau kev tso tawm cov zaub mov yog qhov sib npaug zoo, cov zaub mov tooj liab uas tau tso tawm yuav yooj yim dua rau kev sib cais los ntawm kev ntab, txhim kho cov nqi rov qab. Cov kev tshawb fawb lees paub tias kev sib tsoo rov qab luv luv thiab kev xaiv cov xov xwm xaiv tsa txhim kho kev ywj pheej ntawm cov zaub mov tooj liab los ntawm gangue, ncaj qha pab txhawb kev xaiv ntawm kev ntab thiab kev ntshiab ntawm cov concentrate.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev txo qhov loj me ntau dhau los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntau dhau ua rau cov feem me me uas yooj yim rau kev sib sau ua ke thiab txheej slime. Cov nplua no nyuaj dua rau kev rov qab tau zoo hauv kev sib xyaw, tej zaum yuav ua rau cov qib tooj liab tsis zoo, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov zaub mov gangue tsis xav tau nce vim yog kev xaiv tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hnav khaub ncaws ntau ntxiv hauv cov chaw sib tsoo ntau dhau ua rau cov nqi ua haujlwm thiab kev txij nkawm qis dua.
Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke cov khoom noj uas tswj tau qhov concentration, lub sijhawm nyob zoo tshaj plaws, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo zoo, kev sib tsoo pob zeb ua kom zoo tshaj plaws. Txoj hauv kev no muab cov zaub mov tooj liab uas tau tso tawm tau zoo, cov nqi rho tawm siab dua, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw zoo tas li, ua raws li cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev siv cov khoom siv ua cov zaub mov thiab cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv tooj liab.
Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem rau Cov Chaw Muag Tooj Liab: Kev Tsav Tsheb Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Ua Tau Zoo
Cov nqi khiav lag luam hauv kev ua cov hlau tooj liab yog txiav txim los ntawm ntau yam sib txuas. Cov tsav tsheb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog kev xaiv thiab hnav cov khoom siv sib tsoo, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb, kev siv zog, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom noj. Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob ntawm kev nkag siab thiab kev tswj hwm cov dynamics no los txhim kho kev lag luam zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau.
Cov khoom siv sib tsoo feem ntau yog cov nqi khiav lag luam ntawm lub pob zeb. Hom, txoj kab uas hla, thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev siv zog, kev sib tsoo kinetics, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev ua cov hlau tooj liab. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias cov khoom siv sib tsoo loj dua, xws li cov pob 15 hli, tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm sib tsoo thiab kev siv zog txog li 22.5% piv rau cov khoom me dua, txhais tau tias kev txuag nyiaj ntau dua thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. Qhov chaw ntawm ib chav tsev ntawm lub zog nkag yog qhov ntsuas tseeb dua rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo dua li tag nrho cov pawg lossis suav. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv, xws li hlau lossis ceramics, kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov hnav tag nrho thiab tus qauv tawg ntawm cov hlau, cuam tshuam ntxiv rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev rov qab los ntawm tooj liab. Hauv cov chaw sib tsoo hlau tooj liab, kev xeb ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav dua los ntawm sulfides, uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv cov hom khoom siv kom sib npaug tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev.
Cov ntaub thaiv pob zeb yog lwm yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo. Cov qauv thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub thaiv tiv thaiv lub plhaub ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo, cuam tshuam rau txoj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub thaiv. Cov kev nce qib tsis ntev los no suav nrog kev suav lej thiab kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov ntaub thaiv, uas tau txo qhov hnav ntawm cov ntaub thaiv, txhim kho qhov tawg ntawm cov khoom me me, thiab txo qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub thaiv. Kev siv tshuab kawm rau kev kwv yees qhov hnav ntawm cov ntaub thaiv, ua ke nrog kev nce qib hauv kev ua kom cov ntaub thaiv rov ua dua tshiab, txo cov nqi kho thiab kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, cov nqi yuam kev ntawm kev kawm tshuab qis li 5-6% tau tshaj tawm hauv kev kwv yees qhov hnav ntawm cov ntaub thaiv, txhawb kev tswj hwm cov ntaub thaiv ua ntej thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov muaj ntawm cov ntaub thaiv.
Kev siv zog tseem yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv kev sib tsoo pob rau kev tso cov khoom siv minerals. Kev sib tsoo suav nrog ib feem loj ntawm kev siv zog tag nrho ntawm lub qhov av tooj liab. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab xws li cov tsav tsheb hloov pauv zaus thiab cov cav tov ua haujlwm siab, tsis muaj gearbox tau tsim kev txuag hluav taws xob ntawm 15-30%, ua kom cov voj voog sib tsoo ruaj khov thaum txo cov pa phem thiab cov nqi. Cov kev hloov kho tshiab thiab thev naus laus zis no kuj txo qis kev sib tsoo ntau dhau, txhawb nqa ob qho tib si rov qab tooj liab thiab cov khoom siv ntev hauv cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv minerals.
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom noj ua rau muaj kev nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi hloov pauv rau cov khoom siv milling thiab cov khoom siv ua cov ntxhia. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, cov dej noo, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab sib tsoo pob zeb, kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov nqi rov qab tau tooj liab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teebmeem no, cov txheej txheem saib xyuas cov khoom noj siab heev - suav nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas cov khoom sib xyaw tiag tiag thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas dej noo - ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw kom raug thiab tswj tau cov txheej txheem milling kom ruaj khov dua. Kev tswj hwm cov khoom noj no txhim kho kev npaj, txo cov khib nyiab, thiab ua kom zoo dua kev siv cov tshuaj reagent, tag nrho cov no txo tus nqi thiab qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
Kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem dynamic, tsim rau hom ore thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm lub pob zeb tiag tiag, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm qhov throughput thiab kev ua kom zoo dua ob qho tib si rov qab thiab kev siv nyiaj ua haujlwm. Kev ntsuas qhov ceev inline, uas tau pom los ntawm Lonnmeter cov sensors real-time, tam sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tswv yim tswj hwm zoo. Cov tswv yim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntsuas qhov ceev inline ua kom ruaj khov cov voj voog sib tsoo, txo cov overloads, thiab ua kom muaj qhov sib piv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom khov-kua rau txhua qhov sib xyaw ore thiab lub zeb. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov cuab yeej no txhawb nqa kev hloov kho tam sim ntawd rau cov kev sib tsoo thiab cov tshuaj reagent, ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo zoo dua thiab kev rov qab los ntawm cov hlau.
Thaum kawg, kev koom ua ke ntawm cov hom phiaj ua cov khoom siv hauv cov zaub mov - kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, kev kho kom rov qab zoo, thiab kev tswj hwm tus nqi nruj - nyob ntawm txoj hauv kev holistic rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem milling pob. Kev sib haum xeeb xaiv cov khoom siv sib tsoo, kev tswj hwm liner, cov tswv yim txo qis zog, kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom noj, thiab kev ntsuas qhov ceev tiag tiag yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm kom vam meej hauv kev rho tawm tooj liab.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Qhov Tsis Txaus thiab Lub Caij Nyoog hauv Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Pub Noj Pob Zeb
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob hauv kev ua cov hlau tooj liab yog nyob ntawm ntau txoj kev ua cov hlau zoo thiab cov tswv yim tswj kev pub. Cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no qhia txog cov kev tshawb fawb tsis txaus thiab cov cib fim thev naus laus zis rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev tso cov hlau thiab kev sib tsoo kom zoo.
Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Kev Sib Tsoo Sib Xyaws Sib Xyaws rau Kev Tso Tawm Cov Khoom Siv Mineral
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hom sib tsoo - xws li cov pob kheej kheej nrog cov duab cylindrical lossis cov duab tsis sib xws - tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev sib tsoo kinetics thiab kev raug cov zaub mov. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam khoom siv (piv txwv li, hlau tsis muaj zog, hlau tsis xeb) thiab geometries hloov cov txheej txheem hnav, kev hloov pauv zog, thiab kev tso tawm, tab sis cov teebmeem ntawm kev sib cais tooj liab sulphide tseem tsis tau tshawb nrhiav. Cov kev tshawb fawb sib piv qhia tau tias kev sib tsoo ntub nrog cov pob hlau tsis muaj zog ua rau kev rov qab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov zaub mov thiab kev xaiv pulp hauv kev sib tsoo tooj liab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov xov xwm hlau tsis xeb tau ua rau cov nqi flotation nce ntxiv los ntawm kev hloov pauv galvanic kev sib cuam tshuam thiab cov peev xwm pulp, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo li Northparkes tooj liab mine. Txawm hais tias muaj cov kev nce qib no, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov duab sib xyaw thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm ua ke thiab kev siv zog tsis tau txhais zoo. Cov lus nug tseem ceeb tseem muaj txog kev sib xyaw zoo tshaj plaws rau cov hom ore tshwj xeeb, kev cuam tshuam rau kev tso tawm hauv qab, thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npaj cov xov xwm sib xyaw rau kev tso tawm cov zaub mov uas pheej yig. Kev ua qauv thiab cov ntaub ntawv sim rau kev kho cov kev npaj xov xwm uas ua rau kev tso tawm zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov xav tau sai sai los txhim kho cov pob milling rau kev tso tawm cov zaub mov thiab kev rho tawm tooj liab.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Media Shape thiab Density rau Tag Nrho Cov Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Mill
Cov duab ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tshuab sib tsoo, kev tawg, thiab kev siv zog. Cov khoom sib tsoo uas muaj pob kheej kheej feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tawg ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom siv sib tsoo loj, thaum cov khoom sib tsoo uas muaj cylindrical (cylpebs) xav tau lub zog ntau dua ntawm qhov ceev qis dua. Qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo txiav txim siab txog kev hloov pauv lub zog kinetic thiab cuam tshuam rau cov nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov kev tshawb fawb sim qhia tau tias cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo txiav lub sijhawm sib tsoo thiab txo kev siv zog rau cov khoom me me, hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv cov txheej txheem sib txawv hauv kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem sib tsoo pob thiab cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm tooj liab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev koom ua ke cov duab thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo rau hauv cov qauv kwv yees ntawm kev tawg thiab kev siv zog tsis tiav. Kev lees paub tiag tiag thiab kev ua qauv xam tseem tsis txaus, ua rau kev txiav txim siab nyuaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm tooj liab uas tab tom nrhiav kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo, cov khoom siv hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm pob thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab kev hnav ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb ib txwm hu rau kev tshawb nrhiav tob dua txog seb cov duab, qhov ceev, thiab kev faib ua ke li cas los cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo pob thiab kev faib ua qhov loj ntawm cov khoom.
Yav Tom Ntej Muaj Peev Xwm Rau Kev Siv Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Ceev Thiab Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Ntsuas Qhov Loj
Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab tsis siv neeg hauv kev khawb av muab kev nkag siab txog kev tswj cov txheej txheem milling pob. Cov txheej txheem tiag tiag - suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas lub teeb liab acoustic, spatial filter laser probes, thiab machine vision - tso cai rau kev taug qab tas mus li ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom noj thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me. Cov cuab yeej xws li Lonnmeter siv cov txheej txheem ntsuas inline patented, tshuaj xyuas ntau txhiab tus khoom me me ib ob rau qhov tseeb qhov loj me thiab cov yam ntxwv ntws. Acoustic thiab machine vision technologies tau raug lees paub zoo dua li kev kuaj ib txwm muaj hauv cov khoom siv ua cov ntxhia, txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm kev pub mov tiag tiag thiab txo kev sib tsoo ntau dhau. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab suav nrog kev qeeb qeeb ntawm kev kuaj, kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem sai dua, kev txhim kho cov khoom sib xws, thiab kev txuag cov peev txheej. Cov txheej txheem no sawv cev rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas ncaj qha ntawm cov xwm txheej pub mov thiab kev hloov kho tsis siv neeg rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob. Lawv qhov kev xa tawm tuaj yeem ua kom cov hlau khawb av rho tawm, txo kev cia siab rau kev kuaj tes thiab kev tawm tswv yim thaum txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke zoo dua thiab teb tau sai dua.
Qhov kev hloov pauv tas mus li ntawm cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv hauv av xav tau kom cov kev tshawb fawb no - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev coj cwj pwm sib xyaw, kev ua qauv xov xwm, thiab kev ntsuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag - yuav tsum tau txuas kom xa cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab ruaj khov thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam mining.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau (FAQs)
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib tsoo xov xwm hauv lub tshuab zeb pob rau kev ua cov khoom siv minerals yog dab tsi?
Cov khoom siv sib tsoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev rhuav tshem cov khoom me me ntawm cov hlau tooj liab hauv cov tshuab sib tsoo pob, ua rau muaj kev tso tawm cov khoom siv tau zoo. Cov khoom siv xws li cov pob hlau forged, cov pob hlau alloy siab-chromium, cov pob ceramic, thiab cov cylpebs ua rau cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev poob. Hom, qhov loj me, thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom siv sib tsoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tsoo, kev siv zog, thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv sib tsoo siab-chromium txo cov kev sib cuam tshuam galvanic nrog cov hlau sulfide, uas ua kom cov tshuaj pulp ruaj khov thiab txhim kho kev xaiv hauv cov theem flotation piv rau cov hlau forged lwm txoj hauv kev. Cov khoom siv uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kev hnav siab thiab qhov ceev zoo tshaj plaws txo cov kuab paug thiab txo cov khoom siv sib tsoo, cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem sib tsoo pob thiab cov nqi rov qab tooj liab.
Qhov kev noj zaub mov concentration cuam tshuam li cas rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob hauv cov chaw tsuas tooj liab?
Qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom noj yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom khov - cov hlau tooj liab - hauv cov slurry nkag mus rau hauv lub tshuab zeb pob. Qhov parameter no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib tsoo ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob thiab kev tso tawm cov minerals. Kev ua haujlwm nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws slurry density thiab cov khoom khov uas muaj nyob hauv yuav zam kev sib tsoo tsis txaus thiab dhau, tiv thaiv kev siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom cov tooj liab rov qab zoo tshaj plaws. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom khov siab dhau ua rau cov khoom me me sib sau ua ke thiab siv hluav taws xob ntau, thaum qhov concentration qis dhau ua rau cov txheej txheem ua cov minerals tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov nqi sau (feem ntau yog li ntawm 56% rau cov pob thiab 0.70 rau hmoov) ua tiav qhov txo qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me zoo tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm qis tshaj plaws.
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ceev Hauv Kab yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tsoo pob?
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ceev Hauv Kab yog ib txoj kev tswj cov txheej txheem uas taug qab qhov ceev ntawm cov slurry thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub voj voog pob zeb. Cov thev naus laus zis xws li ultrasonic, ceramic-based sensors muab cov ntawv nyeem tsis yog nuclear, ceev, thiab raug, muab kev tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam zoo dua thiab kev saib xyuas tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov lus teb tam sim ntawd ntawm qhov sib xws ntawm kev pub mis tso cai rau cov neeg teb xov tooj kom kho qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub pob zeb kom sai rau kev sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ua cov tooj liab tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho throughput, txo cov nqi zog, rov qab tau cov zaub mov ntau dua, thiab cov khoom zoo dua. Kev ntsuas qhov ceev hauv kab pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev hloov cov txheej txheem qub, raws li kev siv hluav taws xob.
Vim li cas cov khoom siv sib tsoo tshwj xeeb thiaj raug xaiv rau kev sib tsoo pob tooj liab?
Kev xaiv cov khoom sib tsoo rau kev sib tsoo pob zeb tooj liab yog raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm cov hlau, tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm, thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov chaw ua khoom. Cov khoom siv ruaj khov xws li cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke siab-chromium yog qhov haum rau cov hlau uas muaj abrasive, sulfide-nplua nuj rau lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv kev hnav thiab txo cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov hlau forged yog qhov nyiam rau kev sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj kev cuam tshuam siab, thaum cov khoom siv ceramic muab kev tswj hwm meej rau cov txheej txheem ua cov khoom siv zoo heev. Cov duab - xws li pob piv rau cylpebs - kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov tawg thiab kev siv zog. Ib txoj hauv kev sib npaug hauv kev xaiv hom khoom siv, qhov ceev, thiab qhov loj me ua rau kev sib tsoo pob zoo dua rau kev tso cov khoom siv, txhim kho cov khoom zoo, thiab tswj cov nqi.
Cov qauv tsim pob zeb txuag hluav taws xob pab tau li cas rau kev ua cov khoom siv hauv av?
Cov qauv tsim ntawm lub tshuab zeb pob uas txuag hluav taws xob muaj cov txheej txheem siab heev, cov qauv kho tshuab tshiab, thiab cov cav ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov ntsiab lus no ua ke los txo kev siv hluav taws xob txog li 30% hauv kev ua haujlwm khawb tooj liab. Piv txwv li, kev siv cov cav sib txuas ua ke uas tsis muaj lub thawv iav thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke txo qhov poob hluav taws xob, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua, thiab ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov tshuab zeb pob tooj liab nrog cov txheej txheem xa hluav taws xob niaj hnub thiab cov tswj hwm ntse tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob txhua xyoo thiab txhim kho cov nqi rov qab tau hlau. Cov kev hloov kho tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov nuj nqis ua haujlwm xwb tab sis kuj txo qis qhov yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, txhim kho ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ua zaub mov thiab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev khawb tooj liab.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-25-2025
