Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ceev ntawm Cov Kua Dej rau Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Desulfurization ntawm Cov Pa Roj Flue
Ckev hlawv cov roj fossil ua rau muaj cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig tseem ceeb: sulfur dioxide (SO₂) roj, nrog ntau dua 95% ntawm cov sulfur hauv cov roj hloov mus uaSO₂nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Cov pa roj acidic no yog ib qho pa phem loj, ua rau muaj nag acid thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, kab lis kev cai, thiab cov kab ke ecological.mitigkev ua haujlwm ofcov pa phem ua rau muaj kev siv cov pa phemcov txheej txheem desulfurization ntawm cov pa roj fluecov thev naus laus zis.
Kev Sib Txawv ntawm Desulfurization & Denitration Processes
Hauv kev sib tham txog kev tswj cov pa phem niaj hnub no, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv meej ntawmcov txheej txheem desulfurization ntawm cov pa roj fluethiabcov txheej txheem denitrationTxawm hais tias ob qho tib si tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws li ib puag ncig, lawv tsom mus rau cov pa phem sib txawv thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntsiab cai sib txawv.cov txheej txheem denitrationyog tsim tshwj xeeb los tshem tawm cov nitrogen oxides (NOx). Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis xws li Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) lossis Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR), uas pab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm NOx mus rau inert molecular nitrogen.
The cov txheej txheem desulfurization, raws li tau ua tiav hauvWFGDcov txheej txheem, tshuaj lom neeg nqus cov kua qaubSO₂roj siv cov khoom siv alkaline. Txawm hais tias qee lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab heev, xws li cov txheej txheem SNOX, tau tsim los rau kev tshem tawm ob qho tib si sulfur thiab nitrogen oxides tib lub sijhawm, lawv cov txheej txheem hauv qab tseem yog cov tshuaj sib cais. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim qauv zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, vim tias cov kev ntsuas thiab kev tswj hwm rau txhua txoj kev yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Slurry
Lub plawv ntawm lubWFGDlub kaw lus yog lub absorber, qhov twgSO₂Cov pa roj flue uas muaj cov pa roj ntau ntau ntws mus rau saum toj los ntawm cov pa dej ntom ntom lossis cov tshuaj alkaline slurry, feem ntau yog cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb limestone thiab dej uas sib xyaw zoo. Qhov ua tau zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam no yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cov slurry nws tus kheej. Nws cov khoom sib xyaw yog dynamic thiab complex, suav nrog cov khoom khov ntawm limestone thiab gypsum, cov tshuaj yaj xws li calcium thiab sulfate ions, thiab cov khoom tsis huv xws li chlorides. Thaum cov tswv yim tswj hwm ib txwm muaj kev cia siab rau cov kev ntsuas xws li pH los xav txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov slurry, yuav tsum muaj txoj hauv kev ntau dua kom ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo tiag tiag. Qhov no yog qhov uas kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej hauv online tshwm sim ua ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb. Nws muab kev ntsuas ncaj qha, ntau ntawm cov khoom khov tag nrho - ib qho hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab kev lag luam hauv txoj kev uas lwm cov ntsuas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau. Los ntawm kev txav mus dhau qhov kev tswj hwm yooj yim, cov engineers tuaj yeem qhib tag nrho lub peev xwm ntawm lawvcov txheej txheem desulfurizationlos ntawm kev ua kom cov qhov sib txawv ntawm cov slurry density uas tsis pom yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub.
Muaj lus nug txog kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom?
Kev Sib Txuas Lus Tshuaj Lom Zem thiab Lub Cev ntawm WFGD Slurry Dynamics
Lub Limestone-Gypsum Reaction Cascade
LubWFGDcov txheej txheem siv limestone-gypsum yog ib qho kev siv cov ntsiab cai engineering chemical uas tsim los ua kom cov pa roj av tsis muaj zog. Txoj kev taug kev pib hauv lub tank npaj slurry qhov twg limestone sib tsoo zoo (CaCO₃) sib xyaw nrog dej. Cov slurry no ces raug pumped mus rau lub absorber tower, qhov chaw uas nws raug txau rau hauv qab. Hauv lub absorber,SO₂Cov pa roj raug nqus los ntawm cov slurry, ua rau muaj ntau yam kev tshuaj lom neeg. Qhov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug tsim cov calcium sulfite (CaSO₃), uas tom qab ntawd oxidized los ntawm huab cua nkag mus rau hauv lub tank tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kev yuam oxidation no hloov cov calcium sulfite mus rau hauv cov calcium sulfate dihydrate ruaj khov, lossis gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O), ib qho khoom lag luam siv hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho. Tag nrho cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yooj yim li:
SO2(g)+CaCO3(s)+21O2(g)+2H2O(l)→CaSO4⋅2H2O(s)+CO2(g)
Kev hloov cov khoom pov tseg mus ua cov peev txheej yog ib qho kev txhawb zog rau kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig, uas pab ncaj qha rau kev lag luam ncig.
Slurry ua ib qho Multiphase, Dynamic System
Cov slurry no tsis yog tsuas yog sib xyaw ntawm limestone thiab dej xwb. Nws yog ib qho chaw nyuaj, ntau theem uas qhov ceev yog ib qho ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom khov kho - suav nrog limestone tsis tau ua haujlwm, cov gypsum crystals tshiab tsim, thiab cov tshauv ya seem - nrog rau cov ntsev yaj thiab cov pa roj entrained. Qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom no hloov pauv tas li, cuam tshuam los ntawm cov yam xws li qhov zoo ntawm cov thee nkag, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tshem tawm cov khoom me me xws li electrostatic precipitators, thiab cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej pleev. Ib qho tseem ceeb impurity uas yuav tsum tswj hwm yog cov ntsiab lus chloride, uas tuaj yeem los ntawm cov thee, dej pleev, lossis lub tsev txias blowdown. Chlorides tsim cov calcium chloride soluble (CaCl₂) hauv cov slurry, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv limestone yaj thiab txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm desulfurization. Cov chloride concentration siab kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev ua kom ceev ceev corrosion thiab kev ntxhov siab tawg hauv cov khoom hlau ntawm lub cev, xav tau kev ntws purge tas li kom tswj tau qhov chaw nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm los ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw dynamic no kom raug thiab tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub cev.
Qhov Kev Sib Txuas Tseem Ceeb ntawm Qhov Ceev, pH, thiab Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me
Hauv lubcov txheej txheem desulfurization, lub kinetics ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog rhiab heev rau ntau yam kev sib txuas. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom limestone, piv txwv li, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov kev yaj. Lub limestone uas raug zom zoo yaj sai dua li cov ntxhib, ua rau muaj kev txhim khoSO₂tus nqi nqus. Ib yam li ntawd, cov kua nplaum pH yog qhov ntsuas tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, feem ntau tswj hwm hauv qhov ntau ntawm 5.7 txog 6.8. pH uas poob qis dhau (qis dua 5) yuav ua rau lub tshuab ntxuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo, thaum pH uas nce siab dhau (siab dua 7.5) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov nplai abrasive ntawm CaCO₃ thiab CaSO₄ uas tuaj yeem txhaws cov nozzles thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Txoj kev tswj hwm ib txwm muaj nyob ntawm kev ntxiv ntau limestone kom tswj tau pH tas li, tab sis txoj hauv kev no yog kev yooj yim uas tsis quav ntsej txog cov khoom khov tag nrho ntawm cov slurry. Thaum pH muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov slurry acidity, nws tsis ncaj qha ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm cov reactants thiab cov khoom byproducts. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm pH thiab qhov ceev qhia txog qhov teeb meem zoo rau txoj kev tswj hwm siab dua. pH siab, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tshem tawm SO₂, yog qhov tsis zoo rau qhov nrawm ntawm limestone yaj. Qhov no tsim kev ntxhov siab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev qhia txog kev ntsuas qhov ceev tiag tiag rau hauv lub voj voog tswj hwm, cov engineers tau txais kev ntsuas ncaj qha ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom khov hauv cov slurry, suav nrog cov limestone tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom gypsum. Cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev, vim tias qhov ceev nce uas tsis cuam tshuam rau hauv kev hloov pauv hauv pH tuaj yeem qhia txog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom khov tsis tau teb lossis teeb meem dewatering. Qhov kev nkag siab tob dua no ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev teb rau qhov nyeem pH qis mus rau kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub cev, yog li ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm tas li, txo kev hnav, thiab ua kom zoo dua kev siv reagent.
Kawm Txog Ntau Cov Ntsuas Qhov Ceev
VCov Tsav Tsheb Uas Muaj Qhov Ceev TseebMonitoring
Tsav Tsheb Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Kev ntsuas qhov ntom ntom uas meej thiab tiag tiag yog qhov tseem ceeb hauvWFGDKev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem. Qhov kev raug stoichiometric no tiv thaiv kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau, uas txhais tau tias txo cov khoom siv thiab txo cov nuj nqis ua haujlwm. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawmcov txheej txheem desulfurizationyog ntsuas los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los tswj qisSO₂Cov pa phem uas ntau lub chaw tshiab tso tawm yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 400 mg/m³. Lub voj voog tswj qhov ceev ua kom lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws kom ua tau raws li cov qauv pa phem tseem ceeb no.
Txhim Kho Kev Ntseeg Siab thiab Kev Siv Tau Ntev
Qhov xwm txheej phem ntawm WFGD ib puag ncig ua rau muaj kev hem thawj tas mus li rau kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov dej khib nyiab thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev thiab kev xeb tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov twj tso kua mis, cov qhov dej, thiab lwm yam khoom. Los ntawm kev tswj cov dej khib nyiab kom nyob hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg uas tswj tau zoo (piv txwv li, 1080–1150 kg/m³), cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim cov nplai. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias qhov kev sib xyaw ntawm calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) yog qhov ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw thiab kev tso dej, uas tuaj yeem txhaws cov nozzles, cov taub hau tsuag, thiab cov tshuaj tshem tawm cov pa phem. Qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm qhov kev sib xyaw no yog lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau zaus, tsis tau npaj tseg rau kev ntxuav thiab tshem cov nplai, uas yog ob qho tib si kim thiab cuam tshuam.
Lub peev xwm los saib xyuas thiab tswj cov slurry density kuj ua haujlwm ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam thiab xeb. Los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv ceev los tswj cov slurry ntws ceev, cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txo qhov kev hnav ntawm cov twj tso kua mis thiab cov li qub. Ntxiv mus, kev tswj cov ceev pab tswj cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li chlorides. Cov chloride ntau tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hlau xeb sai dua, ua rau yuav tsum tau siv cov dej phwj kom tshem tawm lawv. Los ntawm kev siv lub ntsuas ceev los saib xyuas cov qib no, lub Hoobkas tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem ntxuav, yog li txo cov dej pov tseg thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv ua tsis tiav ua ntej. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog teeb meem ntawm kev ruaj khov ua haujlwm xwb; nws yog kev nqis peev zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov cuab tam peev ntawm lub Hoobkas, ncaj qha txo cov nqi tag nrho ntawm kev muaj.
Tus Nqi Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Npaj Tswv Yim
Tus nqi kev lag luam ntawm lub kaw lus ntsuas qhov ceev online tseeb nthuav dav mus deb tshaj qhov nws cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd. Kev siv nyiaj pib rau lub sensor ua haujlwm siab yog kev nqis peev zoo uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev siv tshuaj reagent, ib lub Hoobkas tuaj yeem txo nws cov kev siv limestone, uas yog tus nqi ua haujlwm loj. Kev txo tus nqi no thiab tib lub sijhawm ua kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws li cov qauv pa phem yog qhov teeb meem kev ua kom zoo dua ob lub hom phiaj uas cov txheej txheem tswj hwm zoo tau tsim los daws.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev tswj qhov ceev kom meej ua rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom seem WFGD nce ntxiv. Qhov huv ntawm gypsum, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha los ntawm cov slurry concentration, txiav txim siab nws qhov kev lag luam. Los ntawm kev tswj cov slurry kom tsim tau cov gypsum uas huv siab, yooj yim dewatered, ib lub cog tuaj yeem tsim cov nyiaj tau los ntxiv, yog li them cov nqi ntawmcov txheej txheem desulfurizationthiab pab txhawb rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ceev nrooj tiag tiag los tiv thaiv kev kaw tsis tau npaj tseg los ntawm kev nce thiab xeb kuj tiv thaiv cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev tsim khoom tsis tu ncua, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Kev nqis peev thawj zaug hauv lub sensor ceev nrooj zoo tsis yog tsuas yog kev siv nyiaj xwb; nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog, txhim khu kev qha, thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm rau ib puag ncig.
Comparisionntawm Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ceev Hauv Online
Cov Ntsiab Cai Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Kev Sib Tw
Kev xaiv cov thev naus laus zis ntsuas qhov ceev hauv online rau lub kaw lus WFGD yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho uas sib npaug tus nqi, qhov tseeb, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov slurry uas muaj zog heev, corrosive, thiab dynamic, ua ke nrog lub peev xwm rau kev nkag mus rau hauv roj thiab kev tsim cov npuas, ua rau muaj kev cov nyom loj rau ntau lub sensors. Qhov muaj cov npuas yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntsuas ntawm lub sensor, ua rau kev nyeem tsis raug. Yog li ntawd, cov thev naus laus zis zoo tagnrho yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog qhov tseeb xwb tab sis kuj tseem ruaj khov thiab tsim los tiv taus cov xwm txheej tsis zoo ntawmcov txheej txheem desulfurization ntawm cov pa roj flue.
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Sib Txawv (DP)
Txoj kev ntsuas siab sib txawv siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hydrostatic los xam qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej. Nws ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov deb ntawm cov kua dej uas paub zoo. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog ib qho thev naus laus zis uas paub tab thiab nkag siab dav, nws daim ntawv thov hauv WFGD slurries yog txwv. Cov kab impulse uas txuas lub sensor rau cov kua dej ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim rau kev txhaws thiab fouling. Ntxiv mus, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus feem ntau xav tias qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej tas li los xam qib ntawm qhov siab, qhov kev xav uas tsis raug hauv cov slurry dynamic, multiphase. Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev teeb tsa siab heev siv ob lub transmitters los txo cov teeb meem no, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaws thiab kev saib xyuas tseem yog qhov tsis zoo.
Kev Ntsuas Gamma-Ray (Radiometric)
Cov ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm gamma-ray ua haujlwm ntawm txoj cai tsis sib cuag, qhov twg qhov chaw muaj hluav taws xob (piv txwv li, Cesium-137) tso tawm gamma photons uas raug txo qis thaum lawv hla dhau cov kua dej ua haujlwm. Lub tshuab ntes ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas hla dhau cov yeeb nkab, thiab qhov ceev yog sib piv rau qhov kev nyeem no. Qhov zoo tseem ceeb ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog nws txoj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho rau cov xwm txheej abrasive, corrosive, thiab caustic ntawm cov slurry, vim tias lub sensor tau teeb tsa sab nraud rau cov yeeb nkab. Nws kuj tsis tas yuav tsum tau hla cov yeeb nkab lossis kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov kua dej ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsuas gamma-ray tuaj nrog tus nqi siab ntawm kev muaj vim yog cov cai kev nyab xeeb nruj, cov kev cai tso cai, thiab qhov xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev tuav thiab pov tseg. Cov yam no tau ua rau ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov nroj tsuag nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev uas tsis yog nuclear.
Kev Ntsuas Vibrating Fork/Resonator
Cov thev naus laus zis no siv lub diav rawg lossis lub tshuab resonator uas zoo siab kom co ntawm nws qhov zaus resonance ntuj. Thaum muab tso rau hauv cov kua lossiscov kua dej, qhov zaus no hloov pauv, nrog rau qhov ceev dua ua rau muaj qhov zaus co qis dua. Lub sensor lub zog, kev tsim qauv ncaj qha ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev ntsuas tas mus li, lub sijhawm tiag tiag hauv cov kav dej lossis cov tank. Nws tsis muaj qhov txav mus los, uas ua rau kev saib xyuas yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov thev naus laus zis no tsis yog tsis muaj nws cov teeb meem. Nws yog qhov rhiab heev rau cov pa roj entrained, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev ntsuas loj. Nws kuj tseem muaj kev phom sij rau txheej thiab fouling, vim tias cov nyiaj tso rau ntawm cov tines tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov zaus resonance thiab ua rau qhov tseeb tsis zoo. Kev teeb tsa kom zoo nrog cov tines ntsug yog qhov tseem ceeb los txo cov teeb meem no.
Kev Ntsuas Coriolis
Lub Coriolis mass flowmeter yog ib lub cuab yeej ntau yam uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hnyav, qhov ceev, thiab qhov kub tib lub sijhawm nrog qhov tseeb siab. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog raws li lub zog Coriolis tsim thaum cov kua dej ntws los ntawm lub raj vibrating. Qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov zaus resonant ntawm lub raj vibration, uas txo qis thaum qhov ceev nce ntxiv. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau tshwm sim ua lwm txoj hauv kev tsis yog nuclear rau cov ntawv thov nyuaj xws li WFGD. Ib qho kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb qhia txog kev siv Coriolis meter nrog ib lub raj ncaj thiab lub raj titanium sensor. Qhov kev tsim tshwj xeeb no daws tau cov teeb meem kev puas tsuaj thiab clogging uas feem ntau nrog slurries, thaum qhov tseeb siab thiab ntau yam tso zis muab kev tswj hwm zoo dua. Kev txav mus rau cov thev naus laus zis tsis yog nuclear zoo li Coriolis meters sawv cev rau kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm kev lag luam ntawm kev ntseeg siab thiab tus nqi, muab ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas muaj zog, raug, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kev xaiv lub ntsuas qhov ceev rau daim ntawv thov WFGD yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho ntawm txhua lub thev naus laus zis lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov slurry cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.
Kev Sib Piv Cov Txuj Ci Ntsuas Qhov Ceev Hauv Online Rau WFGD Slurries
| Kev Siv Tshuab | Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm | Cov Txiaj Ntsig Tseem Ceeb | Cov Kev Tsis Zoo thiab Cov Teeb Meem Tseem Ceeb | Kev Siv WFGD & Cov Lus Cim |
| Qhov Sib Txawv Siab (DP) | Qhov sib txawv ntawm hydrostatic siab ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus | Paub tab, tus nqi pib qis, yooj yim | Yooj yim rau kev thaiv thiab xoom qhov txav mus los, xav tau qhov ceev tas li rau qib | Feem ntau tsis haum rau WFGD slurries vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaws. Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau heev. |
| Gamma-Ray (Xov Tooj Cua Metric) | Tsis sib cuag, ntsuas qhov txo qis ntawm cov hluav taws xob | Tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, xeb, thiab pH caustic; tsis tas yuav tsum tau bypass piping | Tus nqi siab ntawm kev muaj, kev cai lij choj / kev nyab xeeb loj heev | Siv los ntawm keeb kwm vim yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob hnyav. Tus nqi ua haujlwm siab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau lwm txoj hauv kev. |
| Lub Vibrating Diav Rawg / Resonator | Qhov zaus ntawm kev co yog sib piv rau qhov ceev | Lub sijhawm tiag tiag, kev ntxig ncaj qha, kev saib xyuas tsawg | Yooj yim rau qhov yuam kev los ntawm cov roj / npuas entrained; yooj yim rau kev ua qias tuaj thiab txheej txheej | Siv rau kev ntsuas qhov ntom ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov gypsum slurry. Kev teeb tsa kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv kev txhaws thiab kev yaig. |
| Coriolis | Ntsuas lub zog Coriolis ntawm lub raj vibrating | Ntau yam hloov pauv (qhov hnyav, qhov ceev, qhov kub), qhov raug siab | Tus nqi pib siab dua li lwm cov ntsuas hauv kab; xav tau kev tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv abrasive | Zoo heev thaum siv cov qauv raj ncaj thiab cov khoom siv tiv taus kev sib txhuam xws li titanium. Lwm txoj hauv kev uas tsis muaj nuclear. |
| Cov Txuj Ci Tshiab | Accelerometer, Ultrasonic Spectroscopy | Tsis muaj nuclear, tsis yooj yim puas, tsis tas yuav kho | Kev siv rau kev lag luam tsawg dua; cov kev txwv ntawm kev siv tshwj xeeb | Qhia txog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo, pheej yig, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntawv thov slurry nyuaj tshaj plaws. |
Kev daws teeb meem engineering rau ib puag ncig tsis zoo
Kev Xaiv Khoom Siv Ua Kab Tiv Thaiv Thawj Zaug
Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hnyav hauv ib qhoWFGDlub kaw lus xav tau kev teb sai sai rau kev tsim kho. Cov slurry tsis yog tsuas yog abrasive xwb tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau corrosive heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov chloride ntau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau cov twj tso kua mis, cov li qub, thiab cov kav dej yog thawj kab tiv thaiv thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Rau kev tswj cov slurry rov ua dua tshiab, cov twj tso kua mis hlau lossis cov roj hmab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias lawv cov qauv tsim kho kom ruaj khov tuaj yeem tiv taus kev hnav tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov khoom khov kho. Cov li qub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov li qub loj, yuav tsum tau teev tseg nrog cov khoom siv hloov kho tshiab, xws li cov urethane liners hloov tau thiab cov qauv scraper ruaj khov, kom tiv thaiv cov xov xwm tsim thiab xyuas kom meej tias muaj lub neej ntev. Rau cov kab me me, diaphragm li qub nrog cov roj hmab tuab muab cov kev daws teeb meem txhim khu kev qha thiab pheej yig. Dhau li ntawm cov khoom no, cov hlab ntsha absorber lawv tus kheej feem ntau siv cov hlau tshwj xeeb lossis cov linings tiv taus corrosion los tswj cov khoom siv chloride nplua nuj.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Sensor thiab Kev Tsim Kho Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txhua lub ntsuas ceev online yog nyob ntawm nws lub peev xwm kom muaj sia nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv WFGD ib puag ncig uas muaj kev phom sij. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ntsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov ntsuas niaj hnub siv cov yam ntxwv zoo heev los tawm tsam kev sib tsoo thiab kev puas tsuaj. Piv txwv li, ib lub raj ncaj nraim ntawm qee lub ntsuas Coriolis tiv thaiv kev txhaws los ntawm kev ntws nws tus kheej thiab zam kev poob siab. Cov raj ntsuas feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov xws li titanium kom tiv taus kev hnav. Qee cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, xws li qee lub ntsuas vibrating, suav nrog "kev ntxuav tus kheej harmonics" uas siv kev co los tiv thaiv kev tso dej ntawm lub probe, ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev nyeem ntawv tas mus li thiab raug yam tsis tas yuav ntxuav tes.
Kev teeb tsa kom zoo kuj tseem ceeb ib yam. Rau cov kav dej loj dua (piv txwv li, 3-nti lossis loj dua), kev teeb tsa T-Piece raug pom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov qauv sawv cev. Lub sensor yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas tso cai rau nws ntws nws tus kheej. Ntxiv mus, kev tswj hwm qhov ceev ntws zoo tshaj plaws - siab txaus kom khaws cov khoom khov kho hauv kev ncua (piv txwv li, 3 m / s) tab sis tsis txhob siab dhau los ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dhau (piv txwv li, siab dua 5 m / s) - yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntseeg siab mus sij hawm ntev thiab kev ntsuas raug.
Txo Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Kev Ntsuas
Dhau ntawm kev siv tshuab, kev ntsuas qhov ceev tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej lub cev xws li roj nkag. Cov npuas los ntawm huab cua oxidation, uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub kaw lus tas li, tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov slurry thiab ua rau kev nyeem tsis raug. Qhov no yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau cov sensors vibrating, uas vam khom cov kua dej qhov hnyav los txiav txim siab qhov ceev. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem yooj yim tab sis zoo yog xyuas kom meej tias cov tines ntawm lub sensor tau taw qhia ntsug, tso cai rau cov roj nkag mus rau hauv thiab tawm, yog li txo nws cov kev cuam tshuam rau kev ntsuas. Thaum qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm physics, qhov kev hloov kho yooj yim no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb tsa kom raug hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm txawm tias cov cuab yeej muaj zog tshaj plaws.
Kev Sib Koom Tes Qib Siab thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem
Tsim lub voj voog tswj hwm
Qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej hauv online tau pom tseeb thaum nws cov ntaub ntawv tau koom ua ke rau hauv lub Hoobkas tswj kev tsim kho. Cov ntsuas qhov ceev tsim cov teeb liab tso zis txheem, xws li 4-20 mA analog tso zis lossis RS485 MODBUS kev sib txuas lus, uas tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv lub Hoobkas Distributed Control System (DCS) lossis Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Hauv lub voj voog tswj yooj yim tshaj plaws, lub teeb liab qhov ceev yog siv los ua kom tswj hwm cov slurry cov khoom khov. DCS tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv qhov ceev tiag tiag thiab kho qhov ceev ntawm lub twj tso kua mis hloov pauv zaus lossis qhov chaw ntawm lub valve tswj kom tswj tau qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom khov xav tau. Qhov no tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev cuam tshuam tes thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov, sib xws.
Txoj Kev Siv Ntau Yam
Txawm hais tias lub voj voog tswj kev ceev ntiag tug muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws lub zog tau nce ntxiv thaum nws dhau los ua ib feem ntawm lub kaw lus tswj hwm ntau yam. Hauv lub kaw lus sib koom ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv ceev tau sib raug zoo nrog thiab siv los ua kom tiav lwm cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb kom muab kev pom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem desulfurization. Piv txwv li, kev ntsuas ceev tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog cov sensors pH. Kev poob qis sai sai hauv pH yuav qhia tau tias xav tau ntau limestone, tab sis kev poob qis tib lub sijhawm yuav qhia txog teeb meem dav dua nrog cov khoom noj limestone lossis teeb meem dewatering uas xav tau kev kho sib txawv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev nce siab ntawm qhov ceev yam tsis muaj kev poob qis hauv pH tuaj yeem qhia txog teeb meem nrog lub absorber's oxidation lossis gypsum crystal loj hlob, ntev ua ntej SO₂ tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm raug cuam tshuam.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov ceev nrog kev ntsuas kev ntws tso cai rau kev xam qhov loj ntawm kev ntws, uas muab cov duab tseeb dua ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev pub mov dua li kev ntws volumetric ib leeg. Qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib koom ua ke txuas cov ntaub ntawv ceev thiab kev ntws mus rau cov kev ntsuas upstream thiab downstream, xws li qhov nkag.SO₂kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP), uas tso cai rau txoj kev tswj hwm zoo tshaj plaws uas tswj tau siabSO₂kev tshem tawm zoo thaum txo qis kev siv reagent thiab kev siv zog.
Kev Txhim Kho Los Ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Thiab Kev Txij Nkawm Uas Kwv Yees Tau
Yav tom ntej ntawmWFGDKev tswj cov txheej txheem tab tom txav mus dhau cov voj voog ib txwm muaj. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo los ntawm cov ntsuas ceev hauv online thiab lwm yam sensors muab lub hauv paus rau cov qauv tsav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv kev kawm tshuab thiab kev txawj ntse cuav. Cov qauv siab heev no tuaj yeem noj ntau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm thiab lub sijhawm tiag tiag los txheeb xyuas cov kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntau yam xwm txheej, xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv thee lossis cov khoom thauj sib txawv.
Txoj kev qhia siab heev no sawv cev rau kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Tsis txhob tsuas yog teb rau cov tswb ceeb toom uas qhia tias qhov parameter tsis nyob ntawm nws qhov ntau, cov kab ke no tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov pib ntawm teeb meem thiab kho cov kev cai kom tiv thaiv nws. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv no yog los ua kom zoo dua rau ntau lub hom phiaj, qee zaum sib txawv, tib lub sijhawm, xws li txo qhovcov txheej txheem desulfurizationnqi thiab txo qisSO₂Cov pa phem. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas tas li, suav nrog qhov ceev, cov kab ke no tuaj yeem ua tiav qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab kev lag luam zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tshuaj xyuas uas tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm no qhia tau hais tias kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov kua dej hauv online tsis yog ib qho khoom siv xaiv tau tab sis yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov txheej txheem Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization.
