I ka hana ʻana o ka emulsion, hoʻoholo pololei ka mana maikaʻi i ka hana o ka huahana, ke ola o ka papa, a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea kūʻai aku. ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi loa i kēia kaʻina hanaka mānoanoa o ka emulsion; ʻoiai nā loli liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka pae, ke ʻano kūlike ʻole, a i ʻole nā koi hoʻohana hope ʻole.
Ke nānā nei kēia hoʻonā i ke ʻanonā viscometers emulsion inlinee hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia ma o ka kaohi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, e hōʻoia ana i ka kūlikeka mānoanoa o ka emulsioni ka hana mau ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana hoʻokele maikaʻi reactive i ka hoʻokele hana proactive.
He aha nā Emulsions?
ʻO ka emulsion kahi hui like ʻole o ʻelua mau wai immixible (e like me ka ʻaila a me ka wai), kahi i wāwahi ʻia ai kekahi wai (ka pae hoʻopuehu ʻia) i loko o nā kulu liʻiliʻi a kau ʻia i loko o kekahi (ka pae hoʻomau). Hilinaʻi kēia kūpaʻa o kēia hui ʻana i nā emulsifiers—nā mea e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻili ma waena o nā pae ʻelua a pale i ka hui ʻana o nā kulu.
Nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o nā emulsions e pili pono ana ika mānoanoa o ka emulsionhoʻokomo pū:
- ʻAno paeʻO ka lakio o ka pae i hoʻopuehu ʻia i ka pae hoʻomau e hoʻopilikia pololei i ka viscosity (e laʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻaila i loko o kahi emulsion aila-wai e hoʻonuika mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai aila).
- Ka nui o ka kuluʻO nā kulu liʻiliʻi e hoʻoulu i ka friction ma waena o nā pae, e alakaʻi ana i ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe; ʻo nā kulu nui a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka viscosity a me ka paʻa ʻole o ka hōʻailona.
- ʻAno Emulsifier a me ka nuiHoʻololi nā emulsifiers like ʻole (e laʻa, nā surfactants, polymers) i ka papa interfacial a puni nā droplets, kahi e hoʻololi ai i nā waiwai kahe o ka emulsion (a pēlā kona viscosity).
Nā ʻano o nā Emulsions
Hoʻomaopopo ʻananā ʻano emulsionhe mea nui i ke koho ʻana i ka mea kūponomīkini viscometer emulsion, no ka mea, he ʻano kū hoʻokahi ko kēlā me kēia ʻano viscosity a me nā koi hana. ʻO nā hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau:
Ma ka Hoʻohuihui Pae
- Nā Emulsions ʻAila-i-ka-Wai (O/W)ʻO ka pae hoʻomau he wai, a ʻo ka pae hoʻopuehu ʻia he ʻaila (e laʻa, waiū, nā mea hoʻomaʻū maka). ʻO kēia mau emulsions he haʻahaʻa maʻamauka mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai ailahoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano W/O, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka wai ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā aila.
- Nā Emulsions Wai-i-ka-ʻAila (W/O)ʻO ka pae hoʻomau he ʻaila, a ʻo ka pae hoʻopuehu he wai (e laʻa, pata, ʻaila kaʻa). ʻO kā lākouka mānoanoa o ka emulsionʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka pae aila mānoanoa mau.
- Nā Emulsions he nuiNā hui paʻakikī e like me ka ʻaila-i-ka-wai-i-ka-ʻaila (O/W/O) a i ʻole ka wai-i-ka-ʻaila-i-ka-wai (W/O/W) (e laʻa, nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻokuʻu-i kāohi ʻia). Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻano mānoanoa papa e pono ai ka nānā pololei ʻana i ka manawa maoli e pale aku i ka haki ʻana o ka pae.
- Nā MacroemulsionsʻO ka nui o nā kulu mai 0.1–10 μm; he opaque lākou a he paʻa ka mānoanoa inā hoʻopili pono ʻia.
- Nā Microemulsions: Nā nui o nā kulu < 0.1 μm; he moakaka lākou a he haʻahaʻaemulsion mānoanoama muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka launa pū ʻana o nā kulu.
- Nā NanoemulsionsʻO ka nui o nā kulu he 10–100 nm; hoʻoponopono lākou i ke kūpaʻa a me ka mānoanoa, e lilo ai lākou i mea maʻamau i nā mea hoʻonani hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ma ka nui o ka kulu
Nā ʻAno Hana Emulsion - Pehea e hana ʻia ai nā Emulsions?
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka emulsion he hana multi-step kahi e hoʻoikaika ai kēlā me kēia pae i ka hopena hope loa.ka mānoanoa o ka emulsion; hiki ke hana mau ʻia me ka pane ʻana o ka viscosity manawa maoli. ʻO ke kaʻina hana maʻamau e komo pū ana me:
Ka hana mua ʻana
- Hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea maka: E ana a hoʻomehana i ka ʻaila, ka wai, a me nā emulsifiers i kahi mahana i manaʻo ʻia (maʻamau 50-80°C) e hōʻemi i ka viscosity a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka miscibility. Hiki i nā ʻokoʻa o ka mahana ma aneʻi ke hana i nā loli viscosity mua, no laila e hoʻopili ana i kahiemulsion mānoanoahe mea koʻikoʻi ka monitor me kahi sensor mahana.
- Deaeration: Wehe i nā pehu ea mai nā mea maka, no ka mea, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka ea i paʻa i ka mānoanoa i ana ʻia a alakaʻi i nā heluhelu pololei ʻole (a no laila ka kaohi maikaʻi ʻole).
Emulsification (Kahua Koʻikoʻi)
Hoʻopau kēia hana i ka pae i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o nā kulu liʻiliʻi a hoʻohuihui iā ia me ka pae hoʻomau - ka mea hoʻokele mua o ka hopena hope loaka mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai aila:
- Hoʻohuihui ʻokiʻoki wikiwikiHoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohuihui rotor-stator e hana i ka ʻoki ikaika; ʻo nā helu ʻoki kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka kulu a hoʻonui i ka viscosity (a hiki i kahi kiko, ma hope o ka hopena liʻiliʻi o ka ʻoki hou ʻana).
- Hoʻohuihui ʻanaHoʻohana i nā homogenizers kiʻekiʻe-kaomi (10-100 MPa) e hana i nā kulu like; he mea maʻamau kēia hana i nā mea waiū a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi kūlikeka mānoanoa o ka emulsionʻaʻole hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia.
- Hoʻohuihui UltrasonicHoʻohana i nā nalu kani e wāwahi i nā kulu wai; kūpono no nā nanoemulsions, kahi e pale ai ka kaohi viscosity pololei i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā kulu wai.
- HoʻomaʻaliliE hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana o ka emulsion i ka mahana o ka lumi a i ʻole ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana; piʻi pinepine ka mānoanoa i ka wā e hoʻomaʻalili ai ka emulsion, no laila ʻo ka nānā ʻana i loko e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e noho mau ana ia i loko o nā kikoʻī.
- Hoʻohui Hoʻohui: E hoʻohui i nā mea mālama, nā mea ʻala, a i ʻole nā mea hana; hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻololi i ka viscosity (e laʻa, hoʻonui nā mea hoʻomānoanoaemulsion mānoanoa), e koi ana i nā hoʻoponopono koke.
- Kānana ʻanaE wehe i nā ʻāpana nui a i ʻole nā kulu kulu i hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia; ʻo ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka mānoanoa ma aneʻi e hōʻike paha i ka paʻa ʻana o ke kānana a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka pae.
Ka Hana Ma hope
Nā kumu kumu o ke kūpaʻa o ka emulsion
*
Nā pilikia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka viscosity o nā Emulsions hoʻomau
No nā ʻenekinia hana a me nā loea loea, hoʻomauka mānoanoa o ka emulsionKe kū nei ka nānā ʻana i nā pilikia kūikawā ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hana kuʻuna (e laʻa, nā viscometers offline, nā paipu capillary aniani) ke lanakila. ʻO kēia mau pilikia:
- Ka Manawa Hoʻopaneʻe me ka Hoʻāʻo Ma waho o ka PūnaewelePono nā ʻano hana ma waho pūnaewele i ka laʻana, ka lawe ʻana, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā laʻana—he hana e lawe ana i 15-60 mau minuke. I ka hana mau ʻana, ʻo kēia lohi ke ʻike ʻia nā pilikia viscosity i ka lohi e mālama i nā ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻōpala pipiʻi.
- Hoʻololi LaʻanaI ka wā e lawe ai i ka laʻana mai ka laina hana,ka mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai ailanā loli ma muli o ka nalowale o ka mahana, ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wikiwiki o ka shear, a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā kulu. No laila, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka heluhelu lab i ka viscosity in-line maoli, e alakaʻi ana i nā hoʻoponopono kaʻina hana hewa.
- Nā Kūlana Hana ʻOʻoleʻaʻO ka hana ʻana o ka emulsion e pili pinepine i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (< 450°C, e like me nā kikoʻī ʻoihana maʻamau), nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe (> 10 MPa i kekahi mau hihia), a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa (e laʻa, nā pae wai waikawa). Hoʻopau koke nā mea ʻike kuʻuna ma aneʻi, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe o lākou palekana paʻa a i ʻole ka kūlike o nā mea.
- ʻAno Wai ʻAʻole NewtonianʻO ka hapa nui o nā emulsions he non-Newtonian— kā lākouemulsion mānoanoanā loli me ka wikiwiki o ka shear (e laʻa, e lahilahi nā emulsions shear-thinning i ka piʻi ʻana o ka shear). Hoʻāʻo nā viscometers offline ma nā wikiwiki shear paʻa, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hopu i nā loli viscosity dynamic e hana ʻia ana i nā pamu, nā mea hui, a i ʻole nā pipeline.
- Mālama a me ka Hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka SensorHiki i nā emulsions ke waiho i ke koena ma nā ʻili sensor, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā lākou nā mea paʻa (e like me nā mea hoʻonani i piha i nā particulate). Hoʻopilikia kēia haumia i nā heluhelu i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, a ʻo nā sensor e pono ai ka wehe pinepine ʻana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana.
Lonnmeter Viscometer Vibrational - ʻO ka hopena Inline no ka Emulsion Viscosity
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia i luna aʻe nei, uaLonnmeter viscometer kaʻina hana i loko o ka lainaua hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia no ka hoʻomauka mānoanoa o ka emulsionka nānā ʻana. ʻO ia ke koho alakaʻi no nā mea hana emulsion no ka mea e hoʻohui pū ana i ka hana ikaika, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka emulsion, a me nā hiki ke kaohi manawa maoli - he mea koʻikoʻi no nā hui hoʻokele hana e kālele ana i nā hoʻomaikaʻi hiki ke helu ʻia.
Nā Palena Koʻikoʻi (I hana ʻia no ka hana ʻana o ka Emulsion)
Hoʻoponopono pololei nā kikoʻī o ka Lonnmeter i nā pilikia o ka nānā ʻana i ka viscosity emulsion, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pololei a me ka hilinaʻi i nā kūlana ʻino a ikaika paha:
| Palena | Nā kikoʻī | No ke aha he mea nui no nā Emulsions |
| Pae Viscosity | 1 – 1,000,000 cP | Uhi i nā mea āpaunā ʻano emulsion(mai nā microemulsions haʻahaʻa-viscosity a i nā kirīmi W/O kiʻekiʻe-viscosity). |
| Pololei | ±3.0% | Hōʻoiaʻiʻoka mānoanoa o ka emulsionnoho i loko o nā kikoʻī kūlana paʻa (e laʻa, ±5% no nā emulsions lāʻau lapaʻau). |
| Ka hana hou ʻana | ±1% | Hoʻopau i nā heluhelu kūlike ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli o ka kulu emulsion. |
| Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka mahana | < 450°C | Kū i nā ʻanuʻu emulsification wela kiʻekiʻe (e laʻa, ka hana lubricant ʻoihana). |
| Pae Kaomi Sensor | <6.4 MPa (i hoʻopilikino ʻia no >10 MPa) | Hoʻololi i nā laina homogenization kiʻekiʻe-kaomi, kahika mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai ailahe mea koʻikoʻi. |
| Mea Hana | 316 Kila Kuʻihao (maʻamau) | Kūʻē i ka pala mai nā pae emulsion acidic a alkaline paha, e pale ana i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka sensor. |
| Pae Hoʻomalu | IP68 (mea ʻike) / IP67 (mea uila) | Pale ia i ka wai, ka lepo, a me nā pīpī emulsion i nā wahi hana haunaele. |
| Kūlana Pale Pahū | ExdIIBT4 | Palekana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā laina emulsion petrochemical a i ʻole nā laina emulsion i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka solvent (e laʻa me nā emulsifiers oilfield). |
| Ka Manawa Pane Hōʻailona | 5s | Hopu i nā loli wikiwiki o ka viscosity (e laʻa, i ka wā o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka emulsifier) a hoʻoulu i nā hoʻoponopono koke. |
| Hoʻopuka | 4 – 20 mADC (viscosity/mahana) + Modbus | Hoʻohui pū me nā ʻōnaehana PLC a i ʻole SCADA no ka kaohi hana aunoa a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻikepili. |
Kumu Hana - Hoʻolālā ʻia no ke ʻano o ke kahe ʻana o ka emulsion
Hoʻoponopono ke kumumanaʻo hana o ka Lonnmeter i ke ʻano non-Newtonian a me ke ʻano ikaika o nā emulsions, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pololeiemulsion mānoanoanā heluhelu me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka hana ʻana:
- Hoʻololi axial ka sensor conical o ka viscometer ma kahi alapine paʻa. Ke kahe nei ka emulsion ma luna o ka sensor, ʻoki ʻia ka wai—e hoʻohālike ana i nā helu ʻoki i loaʻa i nā laina hana maoli (e laʻa, nā pamu, nā mea hoʻohuihui).
- Nā loli i lokoka mānoanoa o ka emulsionhoʻololi i ka ikehu i nalowale i ka wā o ka oscillation: ʻo ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui i ke kū'ē, e hoʻonui ana i ka pohō ikehu; ʻo ka viscosity haʻahaʻa e hōʻemi ana i ke kū'ē.
- ʻIke ke kaapuni uila o ka sensor i kēia pohō ikehu, hoʻololi iā ia i kahi waiwai viscosity, a hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili i ka manawa maoli (ma o 4-20 mADC a i ʻole Modbus).
- ʻAʻole e like me nā viscometers kuʻuna, ʻaʻohe ona ʻāpana neʻe, sila, a i ʻole bearings. Hoʻopau kēia hoʻolālā i ka haumia mai nā koena emulsion (ʻaʻohe māwae no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana) a hōʻemi i ka mālama ʻana—koʻikoʻi no ka hana mau ʻana 24/7.
E aʻo e pili ana i nā mika density hou aʻe
Nā Mita Kaʻina Hana Pūnaewele Hou Aʻe
Nā Pōmaikaʻi o ka Inline Emulsion Viscometer (Lonnmeter) no nā Mea Hana Emulsion
No nā keʻena hoʻonui hana a me nā ʻenekinia, hāʻawi ka Lonnmeter i nā pono hiki ke helu ʻia a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi pololei i ka maikaʻi, ka pono, a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono - ua kau ʻia nā mea āpau ma ka pololei.ka mānoanoa o ka emulsionkaohi:
Ka Hoʻololi Kūikawā no ka Emulsion
- Hoʻohana i nā wai ʻaʻole NewtonianMa ka ʻoki ʻana i ka emulsion ma nā helu ʻoki in-line, hāʻawi ia i ka pololeika mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai ailanā heluhelu e kūlike me nā kūlana hana maoli—ʻaʻole wale nā hoʻonohonoho lab.
- Kūʻē i nā kūlana ʻinoʻO ke kila kila 316, ka palekana IP68, a me ke ahonui i ka mahana/kaomi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana pono ʻana ma nā wahi hana emulsion āpau, mai ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai (nā koi hoʻomaʻemaʻe-ma-kahi) a hiki i nā petrochemicals (nā lewa pahū).
- Hoʻopau i ka ʻōpala batchʻO nā heluhelu viscosity koke e ʻae i nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻoponopono i nā palena (e laʻa, ka nui o ka emulsifier, ka wikiwiki o ka shear) i kekona— ma mua o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka emulsion non-conforming.
- Hōʻoia i ke kūlike: ±1% ʻo ke ʻano o ka hana hou ʻana he like kēlā me kēia pūʻuluemulsion mānoanoa, e hōʻemi ana i nā hoʻopiʻi a ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka hana hou ʻana.
- Hoʻemi i ka hana limaʻAʻohe laʻana lima a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka lab—e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā mea loea no nā hana waiwai nui aʻe.
- Hoʻoponopono Hana Hana ʻakomiHoʻohui pū me nā PLC e hoʻoponopono ponoʻī i nā palena (e laʻa, hoʻonui i ke kaomi homogenizer inā hāʻule ka viscosity) - e hoʻemi ana i ka hewa kanaka a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke kūlike 24/7.
- ʻIkepili Viscosity LogsNā hale kūʻai hoʻopuka Modbuska mānoanoa o ka emulsiona me ka ʻikepili mahana, he mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā lula (e laʻa, nā koi FDA no nā emulsions lāʻau lapaʻau) a i ʻole ka loiloi kumu (e laʻa, ke nānā ʻana i ke kumu i piʻi ai ka viscosity i ka neʻe hope loa).
- Nā mea hoʻāla hoʻāla: Hoʻomaopopo koke nā ʻōuli i nā mea hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa ma waho o ke ʻano kikoʻī, e pale ana i ka manawa downtime pipiʻi a i ʻole nā hāʻule ʻana o ka batch.
Ka Mana Kūlana Manawa Maoli
Ka Pono Hana
Ka Hiki ke Hahai ʻIkepili a me ka Hoʻokō
Inā mākaukau kāu hui hana emulsion e neʻe mai ka reactive a i ka proactiveka mānoanoa o ka emulsionkāohi— a hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi, a hoʻonui i ka pono—ua hiki i ka manawa e noi ai i kahi ʻōlelo no ka Lonnmeter ma ka lainamīkini viscometer emulsionE noi i kāu ʻōlelo kūʻai i kēia lā e hoʻomaka ai e hoʻonui i kāu kaohi maikaʻi o ka hoʻohuihui emulsion— a loaʻa ke kūlikeka mānoanoa o ka emulsion wai ailaa kāu mau mea kūʻai aku e manaʻo nei.
