Bakin karfe 304 ya ƙunshi kashi 18-20% na chromium, 8-10.5% na nickel, da ƙasa da kashi 2% na manganese. Bakin karfe 201 ya ƙunshi kashi 16-18% na chromium, 3.5-5.5% na nickel, da kuma babban manganese 5-7.5%. Nitrogen ya fi yawa a shekarar 201 (har zuwa 0.25%) idan aka kwatanta da 304 (har zuwa 0.10%). Babban nickel a cikin 304 yana ba da damar ƙarin juriya ga tsatsa da kuma tsarin austenitic mai ɗorewa. Ƙara yawan manganese da nitrogen a cikin 201 yana daidaita ƙarfin kaddarorin amma yana rage juriya ga tsatsa idan aka kwatanta da 304.
Bakin Karfe 304 vs 201
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| Matsayi | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Man (%) | N (%) | C (%) |
| 304 | 18-20 | 8-10.5 | ≤2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.08 |
| 201 | 16-18 | 3.5-5.5 | 5-7.5 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 |
Tasirin Abubuwan Alloy akan Kayayyakin Abu
Yawan sinadarin nickel na 304 yana tabbatar da juriyar tsatsa, musamman idan aka fallasa shi da sinadarin acid ko chloride, da kuma ingantaccen amfani da shi. Babban sinadarin chromium yana samar da wani Layer na oxide mai aiki, wanda ke kare 304 daga iskar shaka. A shekarar 201, manganese da nitrogen sun daidaita raguwar nickel, wanda hakan ke rage farashi amma kuma yana haifar da juriyar tsatsa matsakaiciya, musamman a yanayin danshi ko gishiri. 304 yana samun ƙarfin tsatsa kusan 520 MPa, ƙarfin samarwa kusa da 215 MPa, da kuma tsawaitawa zuwa 50%. 201 yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa mafi girma (275 MPa), tensile (har zuwa 535 MPa), amma ƙarancin tsayi (~45%), wanda ke haifar da ƙarin karyewa.
Kwatanta Aikin Inji
Ƙarfin ƙarfin 201 mai yawa da kuma ƙarfin juriya yana ba da damar sassa masu ɗorewa waɗanda aka matse ko aka yi musu sanyi, amma ƙarancin tsayi yana rage girman shimfiɗa mai zurfi; akwai yuwuwar fasawa a kan lanƙwasa masu rikitarwa. Ƙananan yawan amfanin ƙasa na 304 amma mafi girman juriya yana tallafawa ƙirƙirar mai rikitarwa, walda mai daidaito, da kuma kammala saman da aka gyara.
Juriyar Tsatsada Dacewar Aikace-aikace
Juriyar Tsatsa a Muhalli Mabanbanta
Bakin ƙarfe 304 ya fi ƙarfin 201 a juriyar tsatsa saboda yawan sinadarin nickel da chromium da yake da shi—8–10.5% Ni da 18–20% Cr idan aka kwatanta da 3.5–5.5% Ni da 16–18% Cr a shekarar 201. A gwaje-gwajen feshin gishiri, 201 sun sami tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa cikin awanni 24, yayin da 304 bai nuna wani babban canji ba, koda bayan awanni 72, wanda ya tabbatar da dacewarsa ga muhallin abinci, magani, da na ruwa. Bakin ƙarfe 201 yana tsayayya da tsatsa a yanayin danshi, na cikin gida amma yana gazawa cikin sauri a yanayin danshi, gishiri, ko danshi.
Amfanin da Aka Saba Amfani da Su da Bukatun Aiki
304 ta mamaye aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar dorewa da tsafta: kayan aikin kicin na kasuwanci, sink, injinan abinci, da na'urorin likitanci (304 yana hana yin ramuka kuma yana kula da gogewa). 201 ya gano amfani a cikin kayayyakin masu amfani, allunan ado, gidajen kayan aiki, da tsarin ciki inda buƙatun injina suke matsakaici kuma fallasa ga abubuwa masu lalata ba shi da yawa.
Haɗarin Bayyanar da Ba daidai ba a Tsarin Masana'antu da Samar da Kayayyaki
Zaɓin ƙarfe mara kyau ba daidai ba yana haifar da gazawar samfura cikin sauri. Babban abun ciki na nickel da chromium na Grade 304 yana tabbatar da juriyar tsatsa da ingancin injiniya. Idan aka maye gurbin 201 da 304, musamman a cikin abinci, magani, ko aikace-aikacen ruwa, tsatsa, rami, da lalacewar tsari suna faruwa. Da'awar garanti da hukuncin bin ƙa'idodi suna tasowa ne daga maye gurbin, wanda ke shafar masana'antun da masu samar da kayayyaki. Karfe na jabu da aka yiwa alama ba daidai ba sun zama ruwan dare a cikin sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki masu sauri, suna haifar da buƙatar gaggawa don tabbatar da ƙarfe mai kyau wanda ba ya lalatawa.
Hanyoyin Gano Al'ada
Ganowa da hannu ya dogara ne akan amsawar maganadisu da gwajin tabo na sinadarai. Aji na 304, tare da babban abun ciki na nickel, ba shi da ƙarfin maganadisu fiye da 201. Duk da haka, aikin sanyi ko maganadisu na sauran abubuwa yana sa wannan hanyar ba ta da tabbas. Gwaje-gwajen digo na acid suna nuna kasancewar chromium, amma fassarar sakamako ba ta da tushe kuma ba ta da tushe. Duk hanyoyin biyu sun kasa bambance abubuwan ƙarfe ta hanyar adadi ko tabbatar da daidaito lokacin da abun ƙarfe ya kusa ko saman sun gurɓata.
Magani Mai Ci Gaba: Na'urar Nazarin Kayan XRF don Tabbatar da Karfe Mai Bakin Karfe
Yadda Na'urar Nazarin Alloy ta XRF ke Aiki
Hasken X-ray (XRF) yana fitar da hasken X-ray na farko akan samfurin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da hasken ƙarfe a kololuwar makamashin da aka ƙayyade wa sinadarai. Mai nazarin yana ɗaukar waɗannan sigina kuma nan take yana gano abubuwan da ke cikin mahimman abubuwan ƙarfe, gami da chromium, nickel, manganese, nitrogen, da ƙarfe. Cikakken binciken yana buƙatar ƙasa da haka.3Daƙiƙa 0 a kowane samfurin, ba ya lalata komai, kuma baya canza tsarin jiki ko saman kayan gwajin.
Fasaloli da Fa'idodi of Na'urar Nazarin Alloy ta Lonnmeter XRF
Tsarin na'urar mai amfani da batir, mai ɗaukar hoto yana tabbatar da aiki a fili da kuma a cikin shuka. Fuskar allon taɓawa tana tallafawa aiki cikin sauri da rahotannin da aka keɓance, waɗanda za a iya bugawa. Ana yin bincike kai tsaye akan abubuwa masu ƙarfi, wanda ke ba da damar ci gaba da dubawa mai ƙarfi. Daidaiton gano Lonnmeter (<±0.2% ga muhimman abubuwa) ya fi hanyoyin gargajiya kamar gwajin maganadisu da gwaje-gwajen tabo, waɗanda galibi ke ɓatar da ma'auni lokacin da matakan manganese ko nitrogen suka bambanta.
Shawarar Darajar Ga Masu Amfani da Ƙwararru
Tabbatar da matakin rukuni da rahotanni nan take ya ragu da zagayar dubawa da fiye da 60%. Ajiye bayanan dijital tare da bin diddigin samfura na musamman yana inganta bin diddigin don dubawa da bin ƙa'idodin masu samar da kayayyaki. Gano kayan ƙarfe mai daidaito yana hana takaddama kan garanti da gazawar aiki a ƙasa.
Nemi Farashi da Shawarwari na Ƙwararru
Tuntuɓi don gwaji da kimantawa na fasaha na Lonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyzer.
Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi)
Ta yaya abubuwan ƙarfe ke shafar aikin ƙarfen bakin ƙarfe?
Babban nickel a cikin 304 yana daidaita tsarin microstructure, yana haɓaka tsari, sassauci, da juriya ga sinadarai masu ƙarfi. A cikin 201, ƙara yawan manganese da nitrogen ya maye gurbin nickel kaɗan, yana ƙara ƙarfi da tauri amma yana rage juriyar tsatsa. Abubuwan da ke cikin Chromium sama da 18% sun ƙara haɓaka daidaiton 304 akan iskar shaka, yana bambanta shi da 201 don amfani mai wahala.
Waɗanne aikace-aikace ne suka fi amfana daga ingantaccen tantance maki?
Sashen gine-gine, kayan abinci, na'urorin likitanci, da masana'antu suna buƙatar ingantaccen tabbaci na maki don tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodi, guje wa da'awar garanti, da kuma tabbatar da amincin amfani da ƙarshen amfani. Zaɓin maki daidai yana inganta farashin zagayowar rayuwa, musamman a cikin mahalli masu fama da tsatsa ko tsafta.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-26-2026
