Rashin gane 316 a matsayin bakin karfe 304 yana kawo cikas ga juriyar tsatsa. Wannan kuskuren yana kawo cikas ga kayan aiki a wuraren sarrafa ruwa, sinadarai na fetur, da abinci, wanda hakan na iya haifar da gazawa da rauni. Rashin bin diddigin kayan da ba daidai ba na iya haifar da keta ka'idoji da kuma rashin nasarar binciken da aka yi. Kudin da ake kashewa wajen magance matsalolin da suka shafi hadakar karfe yana kaiwa dala $25,000–$250,000 a kowane lamari don sake yin aiki, lokacin aiki, da kuma da'awar garanti.
304 316 321 gami
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Manyan Kalubale Wajen Tabbatar da Karfe Bakin 304, 316, da 321
304, 316, da 321 suna da irin wannan launi, ƙarewar saman, da kuma halayen injiniya, wanda hakan ke sa ba za a iya bambance su da ido ba. Sauya ƙarfe a cikin kayan ƙarfe na bakan na iya zama ba a gano shi ba har sai matsalolin aiki ko gazawar sun bayyana. Babban abun ciki na molybdenum na 316 (2–3%) yana buƙatar gano abubuwa don bambanta shi da 304, wanda ba shi da Mo. Masu nazarin XRF na Lonnmeter suna tabbatar da cewa kawai kayan da ke da kyawawan halaye - ingantaccen juriya ga tsatsa 316 vs 304 bakin ƙarfe da abun ciki na titanium mai dacewa don zafin jiki mai yawa 321.
Bambance-bambance ALitining304 vs 316 vs 321 Bakin Karfe
Abubuwan da suka shafi Sinadarai na Musamman da Abubuwan da suka bambanta
Bakin karfe 304 ya ƙunshi kashi 18-20% na chromium, 8-10.5% na nickel, ≤0.08% na carbon, kuma ba shi da molybdenum da titanium. Sabanin haka, bakin karfe 316 ya ƙunshi kashi 16-18% na chromium, 10-14% na nickel, da kuma wani muhimmin molybdenum 2-3%, wanda babu shi a cikin sauran ƙarfe na yau da kullun. Wannan ƙarin molybdenum yana ƙara juriya ga chloride da lalata sinadarai kai tsaye.
Bakin karfe 321, tare da chromium 17-19%, nickel 9-12%, da kuma sinadarin titanium mai mahimmanci (mafi ƙarancin 5xC, matsakaicin 0.7%), yana inganta kwanciyar hankali a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Titanium yana ɗaure da carbon, yana hana tsatsa tsakanin granular da ruwan sama yayin da ake ƙara yawan zafin jiki.
Yawan sinadarin nickel yana ƙaruwa daga 304 zuwa 316 don ƙara juriyar sinadarai da ƙarfin injina. Chromium ya kasance babban tushen juriyar tsatsa a dukkan matakai uku. Titanium alama ce ta ƙarshe ga 321 kuma masu nazarin XRF za su iya bambanta shi.
Aikace-aikace da Aiki: Lokacin da Aka Zaɓi Kowane Aji
Bakin ƙarfe 304 yana aiki a matsayin mizani na masana'antu ga masu rarraba ƙarfe na ƙarfe da kuma ƙarfe saboda ingancinsa da kuma sauƙin amfani da shi—wanda ake amfani da shi wajen sarrafa abinci, kayan kicin, tankunan ajiya, da kuma kayan gine-gine. Juriyar tsatsarsa ta isa a cikin yanayi mai ɗan ƙarfi.
Bakin ƙarfe 316 ya yi fice a fannin kayan aikin ruwa, sinadarai, da magunguna. Kasancewar molybdenum 2-3% yana da mahimmanci wajen ƙayyade mafi kyawun ƙarfen bakin ƙarfe don muhallin ruwa ko layukan aikin masana'antu da aka fallasa ga chlorides, wanda ya fi 304 a fannin hidimar ruwan gishiri da kuma maganin acidic.
Bakin ƙarfe 321 yana mamaye aikace-aikacen zafi da na sararin samaniya, injinan fitar da hayaki, da kuma na'urorin dumama mai, tare da juriya ga ƙiba da riƙe ƙarfi har zuwa 900°C. Ƙarin titanium ɗinsa yana tabbatar da aminci a lokacin zagayowar zafi mai maimaitawa, yana rage haɗarin ruwan sama na carbide bayan walda.
| Kadara | 304 | 316 | 321 |
| Cr (%) | 18–20 | 16–18 | 17–19 |
| Ni (%) | 8–10.5 | 10–14 | 9–12 |
| Mo (%) | – | 2–3 | – |
| Ti (%) | – | – | Minti 5xC, matsakaicin 0.7 |
| Juriyar Tsatsa | Mai kyau | Madalla sosai | Mai kyau |
| Juriyar Zafi | Matsakaici | Mai kyau | Madalla sosai |
| Babban Aikace-aikace | Abinci, Amfani | Na ruwa, Sinadaran sinadarai | Zafin Jiki, Tashar Jiragen Sama |
Yadda Masu Nazarin XRF Ke Taimakawa Gano Gano Gashi Mai Sauri da Inganci
Ka'idojin Aiki naLonnmeter Fasaha ta XRF (Fluorescence ta X-ray)
Na'urorin nazarin XRF suna fitar da hasken X mai ƙarfi a kan samfuran ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, wanda ke sa ƙwayoyin zarra su fitar da electrons na ciki. Ana cike guraben da ke haifar da guraben lantarki daga matakan makamashi mafi girma, suna fitar da hasken X na biyu ga kowane abu. Masu ganowa suna auna waɗannan hayaki, suna ƙididdige yawan abubuwan da ke cikin ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe 304, 316, da 321. XRF yana ba da damar gano abubuwa cikin sauri, ba tare da lalata su ba, yana samar da karatu cikin daƙiƙa 30.
Darajar Musamman ta XRF wajen Rarraba 304, 316, da 321
XRF yana bambanta ma'aunin bakin karfe daidai a cikin bakan ƙarfe. Kwatancen bakin karfe 316 da bakin karfe 304 ya dogara ne akan gano molybdenum - 316 yana ɗauke da 2-3% Mo, wanda XRF ke gano nan take. Ana bambanta ma'aunin 321 ta hanyar auna abun ciki na titanium na XRF sama da 0.3%. Gano adadi yana haifar da sakamako masu aiki: ƙimar ppm, rarrabuwar wucewa/faɗuwa, da daidaitawar ɗakin karatu na alloy.
Na'urar Nazarin Lonnmeter XRF don Gano Bakin Karfe da Bakan Gizo
Siffofin Musamman da Bayanan Fasaha
Na'urar nazarin XRF ta Lonnmeter tana ba da kewayon kuzari na 0-50 kV, fasahar gano Silicon Drift, da kuma saurin aunawa na daƙiƙa 30. Daidaito ya kai ±0.01% don muhimman abubuwa, yana inganta gano ƙarfe. Na'urar ta haɗa hanyar haɗin taɓawa, ɗakunan karatu na ƙarfe masu haɗaka, da kuma kwatancen spectra na ainihin lokaci. Ƙarfin baturi yana tallafawa har zuwa awanni 8 na aiki akai-akai.
Haɗawa da Manufofin Gudanar da Inganci da Ingantaccen Aiki
Lonnmeter yana haɗuwa da tsarin kula da inganci don ingantaccen tantance kayan aiki yayin ajiya, ƙera kaya, da kuma dubawa na ƙarshe. Yana hana jigilar kayan haɗin gwiwa, yana rage farashin sake aiki da jinkirin samarwa. Fitar bayanai yana tallafawa ci gaba da haɓakawa da buƙatun dubawa tare da kwanan wata, wuri, da bin diddigin rukuni ta atomatik. Zaɓuɓɓukan takardu suna tabbatar da ganowa a cikin ƙarfe masu bakan ƙarfe da masu samar da ƙarfe da masu rarraba ƙarfe.
Neman Farashi don Lonnmeter XRF Analyzer
Abokan ciniki suna zaɓar keɓancewa na laburare masu daraja da kuma tsarin sabis. Tallafin ya haɗa da horo, ɗaukar garanti, da zaɓuɓɓukan kulawa don tura filin.
Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi)
Menene babban bambanci tsakanin ƙarfe 304 da 316 na bakin ƙarfe?
316 ya ƙunshi kashi 2–3% na molybdenum, wanda ke ƙara juriya ga chloride da tsatsa a kan 304. 304 ya kasance mai sauƙin kamuwa da rijiyoyin ruwa a cikin yanayin ruwa da gishiri. An fi son 316 don fallasa ruwan gishiri da sinadarai masu ƙarfi, yayin da 304 ya zama ruwan dare a cikin sarrafa abinci da kayan gida.
Me yasa molybdenum yake da mahimmanci a cikin ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe?
Molybdenum yana ba da juriya mai kyau ga ruwan gishiri, acid, da sinadarai na masana'antu. Wannan ƙarin yana hana tsatsa da tsatsa a cikin ramin da ke kewaye, wanda hakan ya sa 316 ya dace da ƙarfe masu kama da bakan da aka fallasa ga yanayin ruwa da sinadarai.
Wadanne masana'antu ne suka fi amfana daga na'urorin nazarin ƙarfe na XRF masu ɗaukuwa?
Sashen sinadarai na fetur, sararin samaniya, ƙera, da gini suna amfani da na'urorin nazarin XRF don kwatantawa daidai, wanda za a iya gano shi, tare da rage haɗari a cikin tsarin ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-26-2026
